Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
Alvian Toto Wibisono

Institutions
1Department of Material Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya, Indonesia.

Abstract
This paper reports investigation results of microstructure transformation and shape memory property in Cu-22Zn-7Al (%wt) shape memory alloy in heat treatment process with variable of various quench mediums. The alloy was made by melting process of Cu ingot, yellow brass and Al ingot. Molten metal was poured and solidified in permanent mold. Then, solid Cu-22Zn- 7Al alloy was heat treated by homogenizing and stress relief annealing. Martensite of the alloy was formed by heating Cu-22Zn- 7Al in Beta phase temperature then continued by cooling in air, oil, water and brine. Each of cooling medium has different effect in cooling rate. Chemical composition, microstructure, non-equilibrium transformation temperature, hardness and shape memory properties were investigated in detail. The result shows that martensite phase increases by enhancement of cooling rate. Alloy quenched by brine not only performs the best quality of martensite but also exhibits the highest shape memory recovery.

Keywords
Shape memory alloy, Cu-22Zn-7Al, Martensite formation.

Topic
Computation and Other Related Field

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/mKxHC7p3jwrF

Corresponding Author
Eka Yuliana Agustin

Institutions
(a) Departmen of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, 65115, Indonesia
(b) Advance Material and Mineral Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, 65115, Indonesia

Abstract
In the past few decades studies of rock magnetism can be used to various problems, such as the study of magnetism for detecting pollution in agriculture soil, as well as rivers and lakes sediments. In this study, rock magnetic methods were used to study magnetic properties of bus bottom ash. This research was conducted with the aim of developing new methods to determine the level of exhaust emissions of bus and others. Sampling was carried out by scrapping the exhaust tube of the bus on two different types of buses, i.e. 35 samples on public buses and 14 samples on tourism buses. Samples were tested to determine the elements with XRF and magnetic susceptibility test using Bartington MS2B. The measurement results shows that the elemental content found in bottom ash samples, among others, Fe 18.6 - 72.01%, Mo 10-47%, S 7-24.5%, Ca 0.53-24.7%, P 0 , 9-2.9%, Zn 0.38-2.99%, Ni 0.07-0.28%, Cu 0.17-0.4%, Mn 0.09-0.5%, Cr 0.1 -0.5%, Ti 0.16 -1,1%, Re 0.2-0.3%, 0.06-0.6%. The value of low frequency magnetic susceptibility (χlf) the public bus samples have a range (4.00 - 343.77) x 10−8 m3/kg with an average of 46.31 x 10−8 m3/kg with an average of χfd of 3.45%. The tourism bus emission samples has a range between (5.19 - 146.37) × 10−8 m3/kg with an average of 51,880 x10-8 m3/kg with an average χfd of 3.68%. The types of magnetic minerals found on public and tourism buses imply ferrimagnetic minerals with superparamagnetic (SP) and stable single domain (SSD).

Keywords
Bottom Ash; Magnetic Susceptibility; chemical Elements

Topic
Environmental Magnetism

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/ZPxXwtcy8gmE

Corresponding Author
eleonora agustine

Institutions
(1) Universitas Padjadjaran (leo[at]geophys.unpad.ac.id),
(2) Institut Teknologi Bandung

Abstract
This research has been done in the North Jakarta to analyze in soil physical properties as indicators of environmental pollution using geophysical methods based on electricity and combined by chemical analysis. All samples of soil taken from two different sites. The first site is along Jalan Yos Sudarso, and the second site is along the banks of Kali Sunter. The length of each site is one kilometer, with spacing point of soil samples as far as 100 meters. Each samples tested in laboratory to observe a value of Total Dissolved Solid or TDS, Electrical Conductivity or EC, and acidity, by assumed normal condition weather. The results of laboratory tests showed an average value of TDS 118 ppm, EC amounted to 236 microsiemens and acidity is shown to alkaline, which means that the area has been polluted environment. Increasing TDS value is followed by increasing EC value and the graph shows a linear relationship between both of them. Environmental pollution is predicted caused by the contribution of vehicle exhaust fumes and industrial pollution. Pollution pattern tends to increase toward to the north approaching traffic line, harbor and industry. Scanning Electron Microscopy or SEM result showed the predominance of grain shape changes increasingly rounded and the trend of increasing concentration of C, PB and Fe and towards the north.

Keywords
Air Pollution, acidity, EC, TDS, SEM, North Jakarta

Topic
Environmental Magnetism

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/7G2CjJY9ZXMb

Corresponding Author
Lutfi Maulida

Institutions
1) Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, 65115, Indonesia
2) Advance Material and Mineral Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, 65115, Indonesia

Abstract
The identification of rock magnetic properties by magnetic susceptibility has been done on rock weathering of rip rap in Lahor Dam, Malang regency. The aim of this study was to determine the magnetic properties of weathered and unweathered rocks of basaltic and basaltic andesite by measuring magnetic susceptibility and analysis of magnetic domain distribution. Samples were tested using Bartington Magnetic Susceptibility Meter (MS2B) to determine the value of magnetic susceptibility. The result of susceptibility test shows that low frequency susceptibility (χlf) of the outer part of potentially weathered rock has values ranged from (314-1,068) x 10-8m3kg-1 for basalt with average 601.63 x 10-8m3kg-1 , and the inner part (296-790) x 10-8m3kg-1 , with average 546.28 x 10-8m3kg-1. The average of dependent frequency susceptibility (χfd) for this rock is about 0.703%. Meanwhile for the outer part of basaltic andesite has low frequency susceptibility (χlf) ranged from (343-2,744) x 10-8m3kg-1, with average 1,175.57 x 10-8m3kg-1 , and the inner part ranged from (341-2,681) x 10-6m3kg-1 , with average 808.96 x 10-8m3kg-1. The average of dependent frequency susceptibility (χfd) for this rock is about 0.715%. So it can be concluded that the magnetic susceptibility of the outer part of rock is higher than that of the inner part. There is no differences of magnetic domain distribution between inner and outer part of rock during weathering process and all the samples have a tendency to multidomain magnetic grains (MD).

Keywords
weathering; magnetic susceptibility

Topic
Rock Magnetism

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/aDKcAj6EJXvp

Corresponding Author
Daeng Achmad Suaidi

Institutions
1) Physics Department, Universitas Negeri Malang. Jl. Semarang No. 5 Sumbersari, Kec. Lowokwaru, Malang 65145, Indonesia.
2) Geophysics Laboratory. Physics Department, Universitas Negeri Malang. Jl. Semarang No. 5 Sumbersari, Kec. Lowokwaru, Malang 65145, Indonesia.

*Corresponding author: daeng.achmad.fmipa[at]um.ac.id

Abstract
East Java is located on the junction of two major plates, i.e. Indo-Australian and Eurasian plates which is make East Java pron of earth-quake. Therefore, the study of seismicity in region is needed to reduce the impact of the earthquake. Data that used in this research was the historical data of earthquake by Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG), Karangkates. With range coordinates between 111-114.4 BT East Longitude and 111-114.4 BT South Latitude. There are 211 earthquakes total data were sorted by the depth. And then those data interpreted using ArcGIS software. And these steps result a seismicity distribution map of earth-quake in East Java during 1st January 2003 – 31 Desember 2017. This study is using b value analysis every five year period using the maximum likelihood method. The results of analysis obtained are; in East Java from 2003 to 2017 there were 153 shallow earthquakes happened, with a minimum magnitude of 1.8 SR and a maximum magnitude of 5.6 SR. For the seismicity level in 2013-2017 which is the period of most earth-quake happened, resulting value of b 0.3185. Whereas, for local faults in East Java which were analyzed from the seismicity of maps, we found seven local faults.

Keywords
seismicity, earthquake, East Java

Topic
Computation and Other Related Field

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/9p3KCBdMjnEG

Corresponding Author
Suryawan Asfar

Institutions
a) Geophysics Department, Halu Oleo University, Campus Bumi Thridharma Anduonohu, Kendari City, Phone (0401)3191929, Fax (0401)3190496
b) Geology Department, Halu Oleo University, Campus Bumi Thridharma Anduonohu, Kendari City, Phone (0401)3191929, Fax (0401)3190496

Abstract
Abstract. This research activity was conducted in Watuliandu Village, Kolaka District, Kolaka Regency. The purpose of this research activity is to determine the resistivity and subsurface distribution of graphite mineral deposits on metamorphic rocks using the resistivity method with a configuration of Wenner-Schlumberger. Data retrieval is done as many as 3 (three) line measurements. The results of this study show 2D subsurface cross-sections represented by variations in the resistivity values. Broadly speaking, in each track graphite minerals are found that are associated with schist rocks with resistivity range values of 18.3-114 Ωm.

Keywords
Watuliandu Village, Graphite, Geoelectrical Method, Wenner-schlumberger

Topic
Electromagnetic Methods

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/aVyv8HXDRh9m

Corresponding Author
Nugroho Syarif Setiawan

Institutions
[1] Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
[2] Pusat Sumber Daya Mineral, Batubara dan panas Bumi

Abstract
Noise that recorded at magnetoelluric data acquisition make the recorded data quality not good enough so the information that obtained after data processing might be not correct or not suit with the subsurface condition. Several characters that we can see at the noisy magnetotelluric data are the spiky shaped and non-stationarity time-series curve. This non-stationarity character can-t be handled by Fourier Transformation process. In this research used Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) method in original of Huang as filtering method in order to overcome the non-stationarity. This method decomposed the signal into group of oscillation mode called Intrinsic Mode Decomposition (IMF). One of the best IMF chosen as the filtering result by spectrum analysis in frequency domain. From the filtering result obtained that the time-series curve getting smoother and the non-stationarity character compressed. From this research concluded that EMD filtering can be implemented at magnetotelluric data processing and can emphasized the effect caused by noise.

Keywords
Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD), Intrinsic Mode Function (IMF), Magnetotelluric

Topic
Electromagnetic Methods

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/HRYm2xhT6MnB

Corresponding Author
Nadiya Miftachul Chusna

Institutions
Sunaryono(a,b)*, Nadiya Miftachul Chusna(a), Nandang Mufti(a,b), and Ahmad Taufiq(a,b)
(a)Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang No. 5, Malang 65145, Indonesia
(b)Research Center of Minerals and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang No. 5 Malang 65145, Indonesia
*corresponding author: sunaryono.fmipa[at]um.ac.id

Abstract
Silver material has been successfully synthesized using the chemical reduction method, while Mn0.25Fe2.75O4/silver material has been successfully fabricated using the coprecipitation method. The characterization of the crystal nanostructure of the material was carried out using an XRD instrument whose results showed the appearance of diffraction peaks corresponding to the magnetite and silver phases. The characterization of functional groups from the sample was carried out using FTIR instruments whose results showed that the functional group bonds produced corresponded to the wavelength range of the material constituents of Mn0.25Fe2.75O4/silver. The magnetic properties of Mn0.25Fe2.75O4/silver material were successfully characterized using VSM instruments. The results obtained are in the form of a hysteresis curve which shows that the sample Mn0.25Fe2.75O4/silver has superparamagnetic properties which are indicated by a coercive field value that is close to zero. While the antimicrobial activity was characterized by using the diffusion method and the results showed that the anti-microbial activity of the sample /silver worked very well. This result is characterized by the emergence of microbial free zones around the sample Mn0.25Fe2.75O4/silver with a significant radius.

Keywords
Mn0.25Fe2.75O4/silver, Magnetic Properties, Anti-Microbial Activity

Topic
Magnetic Methods

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/u6C4DYZAxyvV

Corresponding Author
Nurul Hidayat

Institutions
1) Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathemtics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5 Malang, 65145, Indonesia
2) Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand

a) corresponding authors email: nurul.hidayat.fmipa[at]um.ac.id

Abstract
Gas detection is crucial, especially with regard to environmental pollution. Air pollution by toxic gases impacts not only on the contamination of the air itself, but also causes damage to the soil and water. Therefore, early prevention of environmental pollution issues becomes an urgent necessity. One of the efforts that can be done is to build a reliable gas detector based on functional materials, such as magnetite or zincite. However, preparing well-structured materials for gas sensing purposes is a challengeable task for many scientists and engineers. In this study, we synthesis the nano-sized cobalt-doped magnetite particles which were reinforced with micron-sized zincite. The composites were subjected to crystal structure characterization. We also discussed the theoretical basis for the composites as the possible gas sensing materials.

Keywords
Co-doped magnetite/zincite, gas sensing material, structural characteristic

Topic
Environmental Magnetism

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/F4pJcbtCx7g9

Corresponding Author
Wahyu Hidayat

Institutions
1). Ph.D Student of Geological Engineering UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta
2). Geological Engineering Department UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta
3). Geophysical Engineering Department UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta
*Correspondence :ardian.novianto[at]upnyk.ac.id, 08156895363

Abstract
There has not been any certain recognition for the configuration of Kendeng Basin up to recent times. The thick quartered volcanic deposits at the top layer were one of the problems in imaging the configuration of this basin. Geological data interpret that the basement of Kendeng Basin has transitional properties between accretion and continental types. The pattern of a structure due to the collision between microcontinent Australia and Sundaland in this Basin are still questionable. The understanding of the structure pattern is essential due to it will control the formation of the Kendeng Basin. To adds the difficulty, the basement in this basin was not exposed to the surface. Geomagnetic methods were applied to analyze the configuration of the Kendeng Basin. The measurement of Geomagnetic has carried out in the Kendeng Basin in the West and Central Kendeng with the north-south relative line. The distance between measurement points is approximately 5 Km. The pattern of Kendeng Basin can be interpreted with data processing by apply regional-residual magnetic anomalies to obtain deeper anomalies. The structural analysis was carried out on regional Anomaly data by applying several derivative formulas to produce a pattern map of the Kendeng Basin. The results of this study indicate that the basement of the Kendeng basin is a block-faulting with the East-West relative direction. West-East trending structure is the main structure. We interpret the structure to have NE-SW oriented Meratus pattern which formed due to early-Eocene Collision.

Keywords
Kendeng Basin, Structure, Basement, Geomagnetic

Topic
Magnetic Methods

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/tjZu8w6xBPqD

Corresponding Author
Yoyok Laksono

Institutions
a) Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Malang
*yoyok.adisetio.fmipa[at]um.ac.id
b) Centre for Environmental Sustainability & Water Security (IPASA), Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

Abstract
It is found the seepage at wall canal at downstream foothill in Selorejo dam. It is indication there is the water leakage from dam. To get better understanding the path of leakage water, some locations of dam have been scanned using 90 MHz GPR (Ground Penetrating Radar). The location of scanned have been done at three locations, i.e. at (1) the top, (2) two third and (3) the downstream foothill dam using profiling and common midpoint technique. At first all of location are scanned using profiling technique, if at some location the structure of soil doesn-t look clearly, the common midpoint technique is using. The methods of analysis are gain profile, bandpass filter, and average subtraction to see the radargram clearly and hodograph to show the structure of soil from radargram scanned by common midpoint technique. At the top of dam the pattern is heavily attenuated because the material at this location is dominated by clay. After applied using three methods processing in order to see the structure clearly, there are two location shows soil saturated by water. In this location the common midpoint is use to scan at 20 m and 44 m. From godograph processing at those locations it is found clay layer saturated by water started from between 4-6 meter depth. At the two third dam it is found two locations significantly show soil saturated by water even without processing. The one of pattern have 16 m wide and the other one is about 8 m. At downstream foothill there are scattered location having small patterns saturated by water. From above of data it concluded that there are two path of seepage started from the top dam. This path shows clearly at the two third highest dam and this path is unified along before downstream foothill location.

Keywords
Detection; GPR; Seepage path; Downstream foothill; earth dam; Selorejo

Topic
Electromagnetic Methods

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/uBzGVFc4hetd

Corresponding Author
Suryawan Asfar

Institutions
a) Geophysics Department Halu Oleo University, Campus Bumi Thridharma, Anduonohu, Kendari City, Sulawesi Tenggara Province, Phone (0401)3191929, Fax (0401) 3190496
b) Geologi Department Halu Oleo University, Campus Bumi Thridharma, Anduonohu, Kendari City, Sulawesi Tenggara Province, Phone (0401)3191929, Fax (0401) 3190496

Abstract
Abstract: Research has been carried out on the profiles of laterite soils at the PT Macika Mada Madana Site Palangga South Konawe District. The purpose of this study was to determine the profile of laterite soils based on magnetic susceptibility values and metal elements. A total of 180 laterite soil samples were taken from two trajectories measured by magnetic susceptibility values (χLF, χHF, χFD (%)) and the metal mineral content (Fe, Al, Ni, Si, Mg, Cr, Mn). The results of this study indicate that there are three layers in the laterite soil profile: The average value of χFD (%)> 2% is followed by increasing elements of Fe, Al, Mn, Cr, and Zn indicated as limonite layers, while for the value of (χFD (%) <2% is followed by an increase in the elements of Ni, Si, and SiO2 indicated as saprolite layers. The FD magnetic susbility value (%) which is close to zero and low Fe, Al, Cr, and Ni elements is followed by an increase in the content of Mg and Si elements at the bottom of the profile occurring in the transition zone or bed rock zone.

Keywords
Soil Laterite, Magnetic Susceptibility, Site Palangga

Topic
Magnetic Methods

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/MG4t3Cgubv8K

Corresponding Author
Anugrah Ricky Wijaya

Institutions
Chemistry Department, FMIPA, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang No. 5 Malang 65145

*Email: anugrah.ricky.fmipa[at]um.ac.id

Abstract
The rapid development of the Psir Putih Beach location indicates the occurrence of environmental pollution that has an impact on human health. Pollution hazards can be overcome by knowing the pollution status of the location. Minerals of Fe are most found in sediments. We used to monitor and assess of Fe using microwave optimized BCR. In optimized leaching process, the variations the size of the sediment particles, pH and concentration of solvents in the oxidation fraction were analyzed to find the maximum assessment. The purposes in this study were, (1) Determination of sampling points and sediment sampling, (2) Preparation of sediment samples, (3) XRF test of sediment samples, (4) Accuracy and precision test of sediment samples by the Optimized Microwave BCR method, (5) Leaching of sediment samples using the optimized microwave BCR method, (6) Analysis of the effect of sediment particle size, pH and solvent concentration on the amount of Fe leached, (7) Analysis of heavy metal contamination factors in Pasir Putih sediments. Sediment particle size, pH and solvent concentration in the reduction fraction influenced the yield of Fe leaching. Fe concentration in sediments were recorded of 200 mesh more higher comparing those in 100 mesh. Concentrations of 0.5 M and pH of NH2OH. HCl were 1.5 times higher compared to other treated concentrations. The amount of Fe in the location of the Pasir Putih was still below the threshold indicating no pollution in the waters of the Pasir Putih Beach.

Keywords
Sediment, Fe, mesh, BCR, fraction, leaching

Topic
Geochemistry

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/fAYUbH8vrWm7

Corresponding Author
Hafiz Rizaldi

Institutions
a Department of Geophysical Engineering, Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
b Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia

Abstract
Karangsambung is one of Indonesia a geological site that has an expert complexity structure. Many outcrop has been unfold here, especially sedimentary rocks. This research has been conducted to determine the pattern of magnetic susceptibility and the status of sedimentary rocks In Gending River, Karangsambung, Central Java. Magnetic susceptibility parameters have been measured by Bartington MS2B from 24 samples that taken in Gending River, Karangsambung. The result shows that the maximum susceptibility is distributed around northward and eastward, while the intermediate and minimum susceptibility are distributed around nortward-eastward and eastward-southward. The measurements show that samples from Kaligending River on waturanda formation had the highest mass-specific magnetic susceptibility values, varying approximately from 1000 to 4000 × 10-8 m3 /kg. Contrarily, samples from the totogan formation had a much lower mass-specific magnetic susceptibility, varying approximately from 1000 to 2000 × 10-8 m3 /kg unexpectedly. The difference in magnetic susceptibility is alleged to the differences between magnetic mineral content in these formations.

Keywords
Karangsambung, Sedimentary Rocks, Magnetic susceptibility

Topic
Rock Magnetism

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/H9CtRvPKQEWB

Corresponding Author
Nizar Rahmanda Hardiyanto

Institutions
Physics Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Malang
Jalan Semarang 5, Malang 65145, Indonesia
*hari.wisodo.fmipa[at]um.ac.id

Abstract
Vortex dynamics, current density, and free energy curves in type II superconductors have been studied based on the Time Dependent Ginzburg-Landau (TDGL) model. The intensity of the normal material defect and its position were varied to determine the difference in the free energy curve of the material when subjected to an external magnetic field. The curves of each energy term in the Ginzburg-Landau energy equation provide information about the dynamics of the vortex in reaching the equilibrium state of superconducting material. This study can help determine the defect arrangement for effective pinning preparation in superconducting materials.

Keywords
Superconductor; Pinning; Vortex; Ginzbug-Landau model

Topic
Computation and Other Related Field

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/tq7kACWUrfyR

Corresponding Author
Aris Doyan

Institutions
Mataram University

Abstract
M-type barium hexaferrites synthesis with Zn-Mn doping ion (BaFe) to be applied as a microwave absorbent material using co-precipitation method. The materials used in the synthesis process are FeCl3, 12M HCl, NH4OH 37%, CoCl2.6H212-2x CoO and NiClO. This research to investigate the effect of doping ion concentration variation (x = 0.0, 0.6 and 1.0) and calcination temperature (T = 80, 600, and 800oC) on electrical properties. The samples were characterized using Network Vector Analyzer (VNA). The result from VNA showed that the electrical conductivity values measured in the range 8.0-15.0 GHz indicate that the sample is a semiconductor (5.8 x 10-4 - 1.27 x 10-1 S/cm). The value of permittivity real and imaginary showed that increased with increasing of concentration doping and frequency.

Keywords
Electrical Properties, M-Type Barium Hexaferrites (BaFe12-2x Znx MnxO19)

Topic
Magnetic Methods

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/WAmwY29rJnVp

Corresponding Author
Samsul Hidayat

Institutions
1) Jurusan Fisika FMIPA Universitas Negeri Malang
2) Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Negeri Malang
3) Jurusan Kimia FMIPA Universitas Negeri Malang
4) Jurusan Elektro FT Universitas Negeri Malang
5) Mahasiswa Jurusan Fisika FMIPA Universitas Negeri Malang

Abstract
Batteries energy are needed in UAV system. Li-Ion or Li-Po batteries are often used of UAV operations. The presence of additional energy is very useful for long time flying. UAV turns or stops suddenly will be helped if the brushless motor is equipped with a brake system. Coreless generators are known as generators that require low torque to be able to produce electrical energy. In this research, coreless generators are attached to brushless motors equipped with propellers. Motor with propellers are driven by ESC. The amount of power consumption, rotational speed, thrust, and energy generated by brushless are recorded. Also, the effect of generator coreless loading is varied to get data on brushless rotation speed. Energy batteries are needed in UAV flights. Li-Ion or Li-Po batteries are often the foundation of UAV operations. It will be an additional source for UAVs when flying UAVs get an energy supply. UAV turns or stops suddenly will be helped if the brushless motor is equipped with a brake system. Coreless generators are known as generators that require low torque to be able to produce electrical energy. Brushless generator applications can also be an energy source. In this research, coreless generators are attached to brushless motors equipped with propellers. Motor equipped propellers are rotated by means of ESC. The amount of power consumption, rotational speed, magnitude of thrust, and energy generated by brushless are recorded. Also, the effect of generator coreless loading is varied to get data on brushless motor slowdown.

Keywords
coreless generator, UAV

Topic
Electromagnetic Methods

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/LMe4An3bNBZ8

Corresponding Author
Abdul Hakim

Institutions
1)Sains and Technology Faculty, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Jl. Ahmad Yani 117 Surabaya, Indonesia
2)Bandung Institute of Technology and Science

a) abdul.hakim[at]uinsby.ac.id b)argun.gmail.com

Abstract
Since 2006, Sidoarjo Mud Volcano Levee has been gradually elevated by The Sidoarjo Mud Volcano Management Center (PPLS). The levee was constructed to prevent hot mud volcano which unpredictably erupted and debatable amount of experts, whereas it-s flowing into surrounding areas. Analysis of embankment stability was conducted by Sukandi (2012) and Wijayanto (2017) at point 10 D and point 21 respectively. However, the eruption on it is not yet enough stopped although the quantity has decreased significantly. In case of the matter, PPLS as an authority of LUSI did some increased levee as an additional embankment. Nevertheless, the high embankment causes instability. They, moreover, built on the soft soil foundation that has made a big awareness to analyze the embankment stability, particularly on the point of 10 D. A finite element method (FEM) was used for evaluation of embankment stability and the result shows that the embankment undergoes displacement and factor of safety (FoS) is 1.7.a

Keywords
Sidoarjo mud volcano, stability, embankment, factor of safety.

Topic
Environmental Magnetism

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/CNcvyQw3PH8M

Corresponding Author
Jason Scott Herrin

Institutions
1Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, Block N2-01a-15, Singapore, 639798
2Facility for Analysis Characterisation Testing and Simulation, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, Block N2-01a-15, Singapore, 639798
3Department of Geoscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1215 W Dayton St, Madison, WI, 53706
4Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, Block N2-01c, Singapore, 639798

Abstract
Events in Southeast Asia Surrounding the Brunhes-Matuyama Reversal Jason Herrin1,2,a), Brian Jicha3, Brad Singer3, Marcus Phua4, Kyle Bradley4,1 1Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, Block N2-01a-15, Singapore, 639798 2Facility for Analysis Characterisation Testing and Simulation, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, Block N2-01a-15, Singapore, 639798 3Department of Geoscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1215 W Dayton St, Madison, WI, 53706 4Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, Block N2-01c, Singapore, 639798 a)Corresponding author: jsherrin@ntu.edu.sg Geomagnetic reversals are among the most enigmatic of recurring events in the geologic record. The short duration of reversals with respect to geologic time makes deciphering the precise sequence of events relating to reversals challenging. High-precision geochronology is an important tool for studying these events. Accurate and precise ages are critical for regional or global correlation of events recorded in sediments and lavas. The Brunhes-Matuyama reversal The Brunhes-Matuyama (B-M) reversal is the most recent full reversal of the Earth-s magnetic field and is thus the most accessible in the geologic record. The final full reversal of the Earth-s magnetic field at 772 ka was the culmination of a series of field irregularities lasting 22,000 years [1]. It is the only reversal for which modern geochronologic methods have sufficient precision to discriminate between events within the timespan of the reversal and relevant precursor events. Like all reversals, its causes and effects remain poorly understood. Study of events surrounding this reversal is pursued across multiple disciplines, as it coincides with the Early-Middle Pleistocene transition, a profound shift in global climate dynamics linked to changes in Earth-s orbital motions [2,3]. Minor extinctions [4], multiple asteroid impacts [5,6], a surge in solar and cosmic radiation, several major volcanic eruptions, and some localized hominid transition periods [7,8] are also broadly coincident with the B-M reversal. In this presentation, we will explore events recorded in the geologic record of southeast Asia that occurred in the run-up to reversal, during what appears to have been an eventful period of geologic time. Volcanic eruptions The importance of volcanic eruptions to the study of reversal processes is twofold. Firstly, explosive eruptions can generate widespread tephra, providing finite, datable stratigraphic markers. Secondly, thermoremanent magnetization preserved in lava flows and welded tuffs can lock in timestamped “snapshot” recordings of the orientation and intensity of the magnetic field at the moment of eruption, without the convolution effects commonly seen in the sedimentary record. These empirical data guide modeling of geodynamo activity and reversal processes. Gaseous decay product dating sche

Keywords
Brunhes-Matuyama Reversal, Older Toba, Sipirok, Australasian tektite

Topic
Paleomagnetism

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/AK3wDzJqhymt

Corresponding Author
M Tommy Hasan Abadi

Institutions
(1) Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang Jl. Semarang 5, Malang 65145, Indonesia
(2) Centre of Advanced Materials for Renewable Energy, Universitas Negeri Malang Jl. Semarang 5, Malang 65145, Indonesia
*corresponding author: nandang.mufti.fmipa[at]um.ac.id

Abstract
Hematite (Fe2O3) is one of the magnetic materials which abundant in nature. Ability absorb in region visible light and electrochemical stability makes this material potential using photoanode for PEC cells. however, the disadvantages is short hole diffusion length (<5 nm) and low hole mobility is necessary combined with other materials to improve photolectrochemicals performances. Among of the way to improve performance of photoelectrochemical cell is to make a bilayer structure of hematite material with Zinc Oxide (ZnO) material. ZnO materials are choosen because of their superiority in electron mobility, band gaps wider than Fe2O3, able to capture light in the UV spectrum, and are easily fabricated. In this study we reported the manufacture of Fe2O3 / ZnO photoanodes on ITO substrates using spin coating techniques and doctor blade methods. XRD characterization was used to determine the crystal structure of Fe2O3 / ZnO. The bilayer arrangement and morphology of Fe2O3 / ZnO as a photoanode are confirmed by the results of cross section and electron microscope. While photoelectrochemical ability is shown by the efficiency value of the results of testing Cyclic Voltammetry.

Keywords
Fe2O3/ZnO, photoanode, Photoelectrochemical Performance, spin coating

Topic
Magnetic Methods

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/xqbdwnCPRteY

Corresponding Author
Handoko Teguh Wibowo

Institutions
Geological Engineering Department, UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta

Abstract
The eruption of Sidoarjo hot mudflow (LUSI) has occurred more than 13 (thirteen) years and there are no signs of stopping. Lusi eruption is still active and characterized by geyser activity along with the release of solid and liquid material (Vanderkluysen et al., 2014). Lusi eruption still has the potential to continue to occur in the future, affecting a larger area. Over time, the initial paradigm of LUSI as a mud volcano turned into a volcano phenomenon. Not only mud and hot steam, this eruption also triggers the release of methane gas around the site of the burst. The results of studies that have been carried out have not been able to reveal explicitly the potential occurrence of volcanism at this time (neovulcanism) which emerged in the Kendeng zone in the East Java Basin. Therefore the birth of LUSI as a geyser and some hot water that appears in the kendeng zones becomes a window as well as a new perspective and challenge about the connection of tectonism and volcanism in a sedimentary basin system. Analysis of the geochemical properties of fluid coming out at LUSI and some geochemical hotspring characters that appear in the Kendeng zone in East Java basin can show fingerprints originating from the process of magmatism or not.

Keywords
tectonics, sedimentary basin, magmatism, geochemical analysis, volcanism.

Topic
Geochemistry

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/dQLnRJDxg4TF

Corresponding Author
Nono Agus Santoso

Institutions
Institut Teknologi Sumatera

Abstract
Natar hot spring is one of the unique hot springs in Lampung. These springs are far from volcanoes but have geothermal manifestations so researchers wonder what geothermal systems are from these springs? Before discussing the geothermal system in Natar, the researcher wanted to know the distribution of hot water under the surface of the Natar hot springs. The method used to determine the distribution of hot water is the magnetic method using a gradiometer tool. This research is still ongoing so the results cannot be concluded.

Keywords
geothermal, gradiometer, Natar

Topic
Magnetic Methods

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/kjqEVF9LD83g

Corresponding Author
Rinta Bi Tari Erdyanti

Institutions
Department of Geophysical Engineering, Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia

Abstract
Vibrating- sample magnetometer (VSM) is a magnetic measurement method to calculate the induction magnetization by observing magnetic moment (M) which is response of applying ascending and descending magnetic field (H) to the material. Initially from zero magnetic field, ascending magnetic field was applied until Hmax. Then the applied field was decayed to zero and switched polarity till approaches -Hmax (descending). The field was then ascended again until Hmax. The observed magnetic moments were plotted versus magnetic field so that they form a kind of loop called hysteresis loop. This paper introduces an approach to process hysteresis loop by creating MATLAB program. It is conducted by subtracting the magnetic moment between descending and ascending (Δm). Then, the first derivative and second derivative of Δm is applied. The behavior of these derivative curves can be used to evaluate type and domain of magnetic mineral.

Keywords
HYSITS; hysteresis loop; magnetic; MATLAB; VSM

Topic
Computation and Other Related Field

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/AxT4jFnLEUPW

Corresponding Author
Waindini Nur Fitri

Institutions
Teknik Geofisika, Fakultas Teknik Sipil, Lingkungan, dan Kebumian, Insitut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya.

Abstract
Mount Arjuno-Welirang is located on East Java province and stratovolcano with a height that is 3,339 m (10,955 ft) for Arjuno and 3.156 m for Welirang. Mountain (Mt) Arjuno Welirang geothermal system is a volcanic geothermal system. Magnetotelluric (MT) is the most commonly used method of geothermal exploration due to its deep penetration and sensitivity to conductive zone. Magnetotelluric method measures 103 point MT in the geothermal system field on the South of Mt Arjuno Welirang. And also TDEM acquisition measures 103 point to static shift correction. In this research, 1D inversion used Occam Inversion, meanwhile 2D and 3D inversion used Non Linear Conjugate Gradien (NLCG) Algorithm. The processing step of magnetotelluric are consist of time domain convertion to frequency domain, crosspower selection, smoothing data, static shift correction, 1D, 2D, 3D Inversion, and interpretation of inversion model. 3D model inversion consist of 3D with TDEM static shift correction. Based on the results comparisons of magnetotelluric 1D,2D,and 3D data inversion modeling, the conceptual model can delineate the altered rocks, clay cap, reservoir rocks, and fault structures that can support and give recommendation prospect area of Mt. Arjuno Welirang.

Keywords
Arjuno Welirang, Magnetotelluric, TDEM, Alteration, Inversion, Occam, Non Linear Conjugate Gradien (NLCG) Algorithm.

Topic
Electromagnetic Methods

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/yFpBCnK9hQEA

Corresponding Author
BAMBANG HERU ISWANTO

Institutions
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia

Abstract
Magnetic susceptibility and geochemical data have been widely used in environmental studies. In general, the data are analyzed only based on the correlation between variables. In this paper, the multivariate statistical analysis method is used intensively to identify environmental conditions based on magnetic susceptibility and geochemistry. The objects of this research are the two inlet rivers of Lake Sentani, namely the Hubay River and the Walker River. Using the method we found the characteristic of geochemical elements in the inlet rivers, which distinguishes the two rivers significantly.

Keywords
magnetic susceptibility, geochemical elements, environment, statistical multivariate data analysis

Topic
Computation and Other Related Field

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/WkUgumF6xCyK

Corresponding Author
Silvia Veronica

Institutions
Department of Geophysical Engineering
Faculty of Civil, Environmental, and Geo Engineering
Institut Teknology Sepuluh Nopember
ITS Keputih, Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111

Abstract
The southern of Jawa Timur, Indonesia, is an area which relatively near the subduction zone and passed by a series of active volcanoes. The existence of subduction zone triggered tectonic activities which can cause the appearance of fault structure. Based on data released by Meteorological, Climatological and Geophysical Agency (BMKG) during the last 10 years showed the high intensity of earthquakes in Jawa Timur, particularly in Pacitan and Jember regions. This study aim to determine geometry and position of the fault along the southern of Jawa Timur based on the distribution of subsurface resistivity value as a result of the magnetotelluric method. Magnetotelluric method measured natural electric and magnetic field on the surface. The acquisition data were consist of 12 magnetotelluric measurement points using Metronix instrument. The two-dimensional resistivity model showed 2 (two) low resistivity zones over Pacitan and Jember area that indicated as an active fault with the trend relatively north east-south west with the dip were tend to the west.

Keywords
Fault, Magnetotelluric, Southern of Jawa Timur, Indonesia

Topic
Electromagnetic Methods

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/MGP7VbC9H3qY

Corresponding Author
Daeng Achmad Suaidi

Institutions
1) Physics Department, Universitas Negeri Malang. Jl. Semarang No. 5 Sumbersari, Kec. Lowokwaru, Malang 65145, Indonesia.
2) Geophysics Laboratory. Physics Department, Universitas Negeri Malang. Jl. Semarang No. 5 Sumbersari, Kec. Lowokwaru, Malang 65145, Indonesia.

*Corresponding author: daeng.achmad.fmipa[at]um.ac.id

Abstract
In this study identification of geothermal manifestations was based on vegetation analysis of remote sensing data. This study aims to identify geothermal manifestations based on the density of vegetation index and land surface temperature in the Cangar geothermal area, East Java through the results of satellite data processing in the form of Landsat 8 image data using ArcGIS ArcMap 10.4 software applied to analyze the vegetation index with the NDVI method and know the distribution LST in the research area. Based on the results of processing remote sensing data from Landsat 8 images. For the results of the vegetation index density (NDVI) processed from the image of band 4 and band 5, it shows that in the Cangar geothermal area it is dominated by mixed land with the classification results 0.2 < NDVI < 0.65, this explains that covered by mixed land indicates that the area is thermally active compared to areas covered by vegetation. While the results of the distribution of land surface temperature (LST) processed from thermal band 10 channels show a range of yield values 6.63 oC - 45.33 oC, with very striking anomalies in geothermal manifestations in the form of Cangar hot water and at several points in the South and East in the study area with estimated LST of 26 oC - 45,33 oC.

Keywords
geothermal, remote sensing, NDVI, LST, cangar

Topic
Computation and Other Related Field

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/axhB8DHNkUgF

Corresponding Author
Mochammad Bagas Setya Rahman

Institutions
a) Physics Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, State University of Malang Jalan Semarang 5, Malang, East Java 65145, Indonesia.
*yoyok.adisetio.fmipa[at]um.ac.id

b) Advance Material and Mineral Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, State University of Malang, Malang, 65115, Indonesia

Abstract
Lahor Dam is located in Karangkates Village, Sumber Pucung District, Malang Regency serves as an alternative connecting road between Malang regency and Blitar regency. Lahor Dam also functions as an area irrigation system and hydroelectric power plant. Of the 18 piezometer units in the impermeable core of the Lahor dam and there is only one active piezometer unit. This caused the water table surveillance in the impermeable layer of the Lahor dam to be disrupted. The purpose of this study was to determine the location of the water table using the georadar method in the impermeable core of the Lahor dam so that it can determine the type of material contained in it as well as the value of pore pressure from upstream to downstream of the dam. The georadar method is one method in geophysics that uses the principle of electromagnetic waves propagation. This research was carried out by scanning 7 tracks at the top of the dam from the south end to the north end and vice versa. The results of the data obtained are interpreted using Geoscan32 software to determine the location of the water table used to determine the type of material based on the calculation of the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves. The water pore pressure value is obtained by calculating the hydrostatic pressure where the water table is located on the piezometer location. Based on the results of analysis and interpretation of the data, it was found that the type of material in the impermeable of the Lahor dam is clay soil. The condition of the impermeable core of the Lahor dam is monitored safely, which can be seen from the decrease in the pore pressure value of the water from upstream to downstream of the dam.

Keywords
Dam, Water Pore Pressure, Soils, Impermeable Core, Ground Penetrating Radar, Geoscan32.

Topic
Electromagnetic Methods

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/hYTPpfJUdBD9

Corresponding Author
Kusuma Wardhani Mas-udah

Institutions
1Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Sunan Giri, Bojonegoro 62111, Indonesia
2Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Pesantren Tinggi Darul Ulum, PP. Darul Ulum, Jombang 61481, Indonesia
3Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, 65145, Indonesia


Corresponding author: sunaryono.taufiq.fmipa[at]um.ac.id

Abstract
In this research, we investigated the carbon phase in the corncob charcoal powder by heating treatment at a temperature of 400 °C for 5 hours. The samples were analyzed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). To determine the degree of crystallinity and phase of the samples, the qualitative and quantitative data analyses were also performed. The results of data analysis indicated that the heating treatment was able to increase the crystallinity of the samples. The phase formation of the samples was the carbon graphite with 2H phase having a crystal system with R-3m space group. SEM data possessed the morphology of the samples, which still has lumps starting to form dimensions. Interestingly, the elemental analysis indicated the highest carbon element with the value of 67.99%. The molecular bonds in the charcoal include C-O and C=C positioned in a certain wave number.

Keywords
Corncob powder, carbon graphite, heating treatment, structure.

Topic
Computation and Other Related Field

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/ePYH9qVWrkn2

Corresponding Author
Adika Bagaskara

Institutions
Department of Geophysical Engineering, Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia

Abstract
Isothermal Remanent Magnetization (IRM) is a method used to observe the magnetization of materials by applying DC magnetic field in a constant temperature. The observed values of magnetization is used to distinguish the magnetic minerals contained in samples e.g. rocks, sediments, soils. This paper proposes IRMITS, a novel MATLAB program for analyzing the IRM data set acquired. This program uses several integrated approaches to analyze each mineral, called Linear Acquisition Plot (LAP), Gradient of Acquisition Plot (GAP), and Standardised Acquisition Plot (SAP). In order to be able to analyze the data on a broader range, we provide LAP, GAP, and SAP on semilog axes. The x-axis represents applied magnetic field on logarithmic scale, while the y-axis illustrates linear-scaled IRM value. The LAP values normalize IRM values, which is done automatically by this program. The GAP values are found through the differentiation of the normalized IRM values, and the SAP values are found by converting the normalized IRM values into z-score values and probability distribution. Then, the generated value of those functions are plotted to get the curves that could be interpreted. Plots from LAP, GAP, and SAP can complement each other in analysis process. After plotting the results and analyzing the trends of the graphs, different minerals can be distinguished. This is possible because different trends represent different mineral. For further research, the analyzed data from this paper could be used to determine the saturation point of minerals and discover different types of composing mineral. Our program can also be used as a quicklook to be validated in the future with other methods such as X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis.

Keywords
IRMITS, IRM, magnetic, MATLAB

Topic
Computation and Other Related Field

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/9nDxJTg2AC4t