Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
Gozali Racmat Moekti Moekti

Institutions
Centre for Veterinary Laboratory Services, Division of Livestock Industry and Veterinary Services, Department of Agriculture and Agrifood, Brunei Darussalam

Abstract
ABSTRACT Development of livestock production in many parts of the world has shown to be growing more towards an industrialised type of farm animal rearing operations. These involve raising farm animals in densely populated environment, commonly termed as a factory livestock farming. Such an operation is actually aimed at yielding a very large scale of farm animal products by means of intensification in animal rearing systems. This is becoming a global trend in practicing farm animal productions nowadays. The transformation of livestock production from a family small scale animal husbandry to a large scale of corporate business has been mainly driven by three major interrelated factors, these are i) a prediction on a rapid world-s human population growth, ii) demographic factors, particularly age structure and urbanization, and iii) socio-economic status improvement. The total world-s population has been estimated to reach 9.1 billion in 2050, where 70 percent of rural inhabitants are going to shift mostly living in urban areas and with their better incomes than previously and are predicted to increase by 2 percent annually. Indications in changing urban lifestyle has then been shown affecting on shifted food consumption patterns more to semi-processed and/or pre-prepared-ready to eat foods of which their main component deriving from livestock product origin. As the trend has been commonly shown in many urban areas, where their working hours are becoming longer than there used to be. In an actual fact, that has been happening for the last two decades, particularly in regions used to be identified as developing countries, such as in Southeast Asia, Sub Saharan Africa, West Asia and North Africa. Consequently, an increase rate in meat consumption has been estimated at over 4 percent per annum. Moreover, that change has become a sequential driving factor for the rapid growth in the meat production sector. As higher consumer preference in chicken meat than that in other types, global broiler production is holding supremacy over the other meat complex. A special highlight on Brunei Darussalam poultry industry development will also be addressed here, particularly to focusing on an industry dynamic based on data posted in country-s agricultural statistics for the year 2013. At that time when the country was reported to fulfil its self-sufficiency in chicken meat with a consumption per capita per year reached 58.5 kg. The figure was accounted as being the second highest chicken meat consumption per capita per year in the world after Hong Kong. In line with the global trend in livestock production, continuous growing demands for the products had also led to intensification in livestock farming in the Southeast Asia region. As far as the factory livestock farming as has gone more common operations up to now, and yet there might have been more and more questionable arguments over negative impacts arising, particularly in regards to animal welfare, hum

Keywords
Keywords: Industrial livestock production, factory farming operation, human world population, urban, urbanization, food consumption

Topic
Animal welfare and health

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/2QuKU4DbzCvj

Corresponding Author
Sri Purwanti

Institutions
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University, Makassar-Indonesia

Abstract
In the first days after hatch, the development of organs such as the gastrointestinal tract, and the growth performance may be affected by the time in between hatch and first feed intake. In current practice, time between hatch and moment of first feed intake may take long time because of variation in hatch time, chick handling, and transportation time. Feed deprivation, especially during the first days after hatch, depresses intestinal development on the short and long term, reflected by a lower intestinal weight, shorter length, lower enzymatic activity, altered villi and crypt cell density, and lower crypt depths and villi heights and finally, depressed growth. The objective of this study is to investigate effects of the moment of first feed intake after hatch on intestinal development and growth performance of broiler chickens. Total 60 unsexed day-old Lohmann broiler chicks were randomly assigned into 3 treatments of 20 chicks each in four replicates (5 chicks each). The treatments were time first feed and water access after hatch, including 12, 42 and 72 hours. Body weight gain and feed intake were recorded weekly and the intestinal development were sampled at 12 days for the measurement of ileum histology and 38 days for length of gastrointestinal tract. Results obtained are as follows: Time between hatch and moment of first feed intake had no significant effect (P> 0.05) on width of the villi. However, the height of villi, depth of the crypt dan length of the gastrointestinal tract were significantly affected by treatment. The longer delay in the provision of feed and water in day-old chick were lower height of villi and depth of the crypt, dan shorter length of the gastrointestinal tract. Statistically, performance parameters had any difference among treatments, except for feed convertion. The final body weight and feed intake decreased with increasing time between hatch and moment of first feed intake. The results suggest that development of the gastrointestinal tract improved growth performance of broiler chickens.

Keywords
Broiler, Early feeding, Intestinal development, Performance

Topic
Poultry production and nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/U9GKTehxwbJW

Corresponding Author
Budiman Budiman

Institutions
Faculty of Animal Science
Hasanuddin Universiy

Abstract
Influence of different vermicomost levels on growth, yield and quality of forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench ) Budiman Nohong1), Rinduwati1) and Muhammad Yusuf2) 1) Forage Crops and Pasture Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Scienec Hasanuddin University 2) Forestry Extension Agencies, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of vermicompost fertilizer level on growth, dry matter yield and quality of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. The experiments were arranged in a randomized block design consisting of four treatments and three replications.The utilized four levels of the vermicompost fertilizer were 0 (P0), 5.000 (P1), 10.000 (P2) and 15.000 kg vermicompost/ha (P3), respectively. The variables in this study included the plant height, dry matter yield, crude protein, crude fiber, NDF and ADF. The results showed that if the vermicompost fertilizer dosage was increased the plant height, dry matter yield and crude protein would increase, but did not affect the crude fiber, NDF and ADF. Regrowth (ratoon) influences plant height and dry matter yield, while crude protein and crude fiber and ADF have no effect. It can be concluded that applying vermicompost fertilizer significantly increased growth, dry matter yield and significantly affected crude protein, while regrowth resulted in lower growth and dry matter yield. Keyword : Dry matter, Growth, Quality, Sorghum, Vermicompost fertilizer

Keywords
Dry matter, Growth, Quality, Sorghum, Vermicompost fertilizer

Topic
Animal Nutrition and feed technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/BvmZ7wfnWNCQ

Corresponding Author
Fatma Maruddin

Institutions
hasanuddin university

Abstract
The use of natural ingredients in pasteurized milk processing can improve the functional properties of the final product. Matoa (Pometia Pinnata) and alginate have compounds that can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The purpose of this research were to determine the levels of matoa and alginate leaf extracts against the inhibitory effects of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. This research were conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) factorial pattern consisting of 2 factors. The first factor were the level of matoa leaf extract (0%, 0.1%, 0.15, 0.20%) and the second factor were the alginate level (0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%). Each treatment was repeated 3 times. The inhibitory effect of pasteurized milk with the use of matoa and alginate extracts against S. aureus in the range 2.68-10.48 mm and against E.coli in the range 3.15-12.34 mm. The antibacterial potential of matoa leaf extract influences the inhibitory effect on E. coli and S. aureus. An increase in the inhibitory effect of pasteurized milk on S.aureus and E.Coli with increasing use of matoa leaf extract levels. The antibacterial potential of alginate influences inhibition of E. coli but did not effect to S. aureus. An increase in the inhibitory effect of pasteurized milk on E. coli with increasing use of alginate levels. The interaction of use between matoa leaf extract and alginate in pasteurized milk did not affect the inhibition of S. aureus and E. coli. The best inhibitory effect of pasteurized milk on S. aureus and E.coli using 0.20% eye level and alginate in the range of 0.2-0.3%.

Keywords
Pasteurized milk, matoa leaf, alginate, inhibitory effects of pathogenic bacteria

Topic
Animal production Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/zatgMJuqrkUf

Corresponding Author
Lellah Rahim

Institutions
(1) Department of Agronomy, the University of Agriculture, Peshawar
(2) Department of Agriculture, Hazara University Mansehra
(3) Department of Biological Sciences, Al Hussein Bin Talal University, P.O. Box 20, Ma-an, Jordan e-mail: abdel-al-tawaha[at]ahu.edu.jo
(4) Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
(5) Department of Horticulture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of AL-Qasim Green,Iraq
(6) Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Helmand University, Helmand, Afghanistan
(7) Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Plant Sciences, Afghanistan National Agricultural Sciences and Technology University, Kandahar, Afghanistan
(8) Department of horticulture, faculty of agriculture, Parwan University, Parwan, Afghanistan
(9) Department of lAnimal Production, Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University

Abstract
Proper soil and crop management are required when using fertilizer materials to avoid contaminating surface water or groundwater. Plant nutrient requirements can be met by applying inorganic or organic fertilizers. Inorganic materials may be used separately or blended to form multinutrient fertilizers; some organic sources are also blended and sold under various commercial labels. The quantity of nutrients sold in commercially available inorganic and organic fertilizer materials are guaranteed by the manufacturers and are listed on each bag of fertilizer material sold.

Keywords
Soil and Crop Management, Fertilizer, groundwater

Topic
Extension of agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/rC7BMTkPLFYK

Corresponding Author
M Ihsan A Dagong

Institutions
1Ph.D. Student of Animal Science Study Program. Faculty of Animal Science. Hassanuddin University, Makassar-Indonesia
2Animal Science Faculty, Hassanuddin University, Makassar-Indonesia

Abstract
In the pattern of livestock keeping systems, livestock can have free access path to natural resources such as forests, scrubs, water, natural shading, wastes, and residues. How they use and do interact with land use systems particularly the pigs, become the focus of this assessment. the study areas will cover four districts, i.e. Warmare, Prafi, Masni and Sidey. The total areas of study therefore is 1,022.67 km2 (102,266.54 ha). Data collected from BPS board of Manokwari, Papua Barat. Data were analyzed using Statistical descriptive and shown in tables. Pictures were drawn using Acr GIS and Microsoft Visio. There are 11 types of landuse systems which have roles in ecosystem and livestock-human interaction. Land use was dominated by tropical forest and followed by oil palm plantation, communal land, transmigrate areas and arable land. Beef cattle present dominantly the land use systems in agro-complex of Prafi, followed by pigs and goat. Further study is needed to prove the effect of interaction on sustainability indicators, i.e. society, economic and environment.

Keywords
land use system, oil palm plantation, pigs farming systems, Manokwari.

Topic
Socio-economic of animal science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/fmAWxYDJeVj3

Corresponding Author
Yuny Erwanto

Institutions
1Department of Animal Products Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281
2Institute for Halal Industry & System, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281

Abstract
Goat bone is one of by-product which has not commonly used in Indonesia. Collagen is one of proteins which contained a bone which characterizing its uniq function. The purpose of experiment was to isolate and characterize collagen from local goat bone with pepsin enzymatic hydrolysis in various concentration. The experiment consisted of bone preparation, Isolating by leaching method, and the hydrolysis of collagen bone using pepsin enzyme in various concentration (0.1; 0.3; 0.5; and 1%). Variables observed were Collagen Yield, soluble protein, pH, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra, thermal stability using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and molecular weight using Sodium Dodesil Sulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The result showed that soluble protein concentration of collagen solution were 0.203±0.013; 0.244±0.045; 0.295±0.065; and 0.257±0.066 mg/ml. The result of yield calculation was 7.12; 7.54; 13.3; and 8.81 %. The FTIR spectra showed that all of the sample has not changed into gelatin. The thermal stability in f DSC analysis showed that the collagen start to gelation at 56.72 to 57.40 oC and Tmax for each sample were 128.20; 189.32; 131.35; 124.43 oC. In conclusion, collagen could be isolated from goat bone using enzymatic treatment and showed the fine properties as well as collagen from skin.

Keywords
Local Goat bone, Enzymatic hydrolysis, Isolation, Collagen, Characterization.

Topic
Animal waste and environmental technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/DPbh4JaCzUgr

Corresponding Author
Palmarudi Mappigau

Institutions
Hasanuddin University

Abstract
The background of this study is the fact that indigenous chicken farms are managed and owned by rural smallholder farmers have not yet developed so that their role in poverty alleviation is also not optimal. One solution to develop it is to increase knowledge of the smallholder farmers. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find out knowledge-based resources model for the development of indigenous chicken farms in rural areas. The research used a quantitative research approach with survey research methods. The research location Sidrap and Bone regencies, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The data collected through direct observation and structured interviews to 96 indigenous chicken farmers. The data includes development of indigenous chicken farms, knowledge of technology poultry production practices and business entrepreneurship. Then, the data analyzed by descriptive statistical and Spearmans Rank correlation The results of the descriptive statistical analysis showed that the knowledge of farmer respondents in technology poultry production practices and business entrepreneurship were categorized as inadequate. Spearman s Rank correlation analysis results show that in the technology poultry production practices, knowledge of feed, and control and prevention of disease have a positive and significant relationship with the development of indigenous chicken farms. In business entrepreneurial knowledge, knowledge of results oriented and the opportunity seeking and grasping have a positive and significant relationship with the development of indigenous chicken farms.

Keywords
Knowledge, technology production practices, business entrepreneurship, indigenous chicken, farms development

Topic
Socio-economic of animal science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/KTEtVqkMfyrH

Corresponding Author
Muhammad Yusuf

Institutions
1) Faculty of Law Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia

2) Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia

Abstract
Development of livestock, especially beef cattle is intended to achieve a high rate of production in order to accomplish the need of food that origin from animal. On the side of technology, livestock production has long been developed to increase the production, quality and the other reasons, however non-technical reasons are also affecting the livestock production. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explain the legal aspect of non-technical reason of cattle development, especially Bali cattle in South Sulawesi. In development of these livestock, mostly are raised by small holder farms system, whereas those cattle are raising in extensive system including housing and feeding system with very small livestock technology applied. The most two non-technical problems that limits the development of cattle even reduced the population are stealing the cattle and slaughtering of pregnant cows. These two problems are significantly inhibits the development of cattle population as well as sustainability. Efforts to cope the problems have been conducted by the government as well as in cooperation with national security. Regulation that related to the problems have also been made by the government, however it seems that several obstacles in application of this regulation. Therefore, it can be concluded that legal aspect that affecting the development of beef cattle in South Sulawesi is still need special attention for its application and supervision.

Keywords
Legal aspect, beef cattle, regulation, small farms

Topic
Animal production Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/LPqgdEHDXZ3f

Corresponding Author
Sitti Nurani Sirajuddin

Institutions
Department of Socio economics, Faculty of Animal Scince, Hasanuddin University
Post graduate technology animal husbandy, Hasanuddin University
Department of Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University

Abstract
This study aims to determine the level of competitiveness of beef cattle fattening business in Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi Province. This research was conducted in March 2018. Sources of data from primary data and secondary data.Analysis data with PAM (Policy Analysis Matriks) The results showed that the cattle fattening business in Gowa Regency had a level of competitiveness compared to the fattening business in Malang district, East Java Province

Keywords
competitiveness, breeders, cattle fattening

Topic
Socio-economic of animal science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/4t7Kgx32GyJu

Corresponding Author
A. Mujnisa

Institutions
Animal Husbandry Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90235 Indonesia
*a.mujnisae[at]yahoo.co.id

Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of Liquid Smoke Addition in Coconut Water Multinutrient Block (CWMB) to quail on the nutrient consumption such as crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat and nitrogen-free extract. The treatments consisted of P0: control AkMB ration without liquid smoke addition; P1: CWMB ration with 0.25% liquid smoke, P2: CWMB ration with 0.50% liquid smoke, P3: CWMB ration with 0.75% liquid smoke. The data obtained were analyzed with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The results showed that the effect of liquid smoke in the CWMB ration significantly affected (P <0.05) the consumption of crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat and nitrogen-free extract. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the addition of liquid smoke in the CWMB ration at different levels affected the quail consumption and nitrogen-free extract. The best results obtained in the 0.75% liquid smoke supplementation (P3) that can increase consumption of crude protein and crude fiber in quails. However, the addition of liquid smoke at 0.25-0.75% to CWMB ration can increase quails crude fat consumption and nitrogen-free extract.

Keywords
CWMB ration, liquid smoke, quail

Topic
Animal Nutrition and feed technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/pjYfBmTav6Ae

Corresponding Author
SYAMSU BAHAR

Institutions
a) Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Jalan Raya Ragunan No. 30, Pasar Minggu, Jakarta 12520, Phone: +62 (021) 78839949,
Facs.: +62 (021) 7815020, E-mail: bptp-jakarta[at]litbang.deptan.go.id; syamsubahar[at]yahoo.com
b) Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.
c) Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.
d) CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems, Australia.

Abstract
Abstract The research project to increase cattle production was conducted in South Sulawesi, Indone-sia of ACIAR funded projects in South Sulawesi (SMAR-2006-061). The project worked in 3 regencies (Bone, Barru and Gowa) and four villages in each. Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) are a vital component of Indonesia-s crop-livestock farming systems. Improving Bali cattle pro-ductivity on these smallholdings is essential not only to the Indonesian Government-s beef self sufficiency targets, but also to improving the economic development of farmers living in these regions. However, smallholder farms in the region are usually less than two hectares in total and comprise a mix of crop, forage, livestock and human activities. The aim of this re-search was to investigate how the introduction of cattle management practices impacted on household livelihoods. The result showed that these types of projects may contribute to im-proved livelihoods in the long-term, unlikely to be visible in short term.

Keywords
Key Words: Livelihood impacts, Cattle management, Smallholders, Crop-livestock systems

Topic
Animal production Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/NhqdgEBFUxJC

Corresponding Author
Muhammad Irfan Said

Institutions
Head of Laboratory of Animal Waste Processing and By Product Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University
Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km.10 Makassar 90245
Corresponding author: irfanunhas[at]gmail.com; irfan.said[at]unhas.ac.id

Abstract
Livestock waste, especially manure, is one source of pollution that needs attention. Increasing the number of the livestock industry will encourage increased livestock waste. An increase in livestock population will be directly proportional to waste production. Various efforts have been made to reduce the production of such waste. Along with technological advances, efforts to reduce livestock waste have been carried out such as biogas production, compost processing and bioenergy production. In Indonesia, composting is a simple technology that has developed. The use of a mixture of animal manure with materials from agricultural waste has been widely developed. The combination of these two ingredients will produce a better quality compost product. The application of microorganisms as decomposers has been widely developed in the process of composting livestock waste. Structurally, decomposers will increase and accelerate the process of degradation of compost raw material components. The effectiveness of microorganisms is influenced by the environment. The description in this paper aims to evaluate the role of waste from animal manure as a raw material in the composting process.

Keywords
Waste, Livestock manure, Compost, Microorganism, Fermentation

Topic
Animal waste and environmental technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/AYntTE6Uhxkr

Corresponding Author
AZIZA NOOR SHEHA ARFAH

Institutions
Postgraduate School, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia (90245) Indonesia
shehaaziza[at]gmail.com

Abstract
Problems in the development of seaweed occur in the marketing aspects of institutional aspects, marketing networks, and communication gaps between producers and users. The highly volatile price conditions cause uncertainty of income obtained by farmers and marketing institutions involved. This study aims to determine the shape of seaweed marketing channels. This research uses descriptive qualitative analysis. The technique used in data collection is through observation, interviews, and questionnaires with informants totaling 115 respondents. Based on the results of descriptive qualitative analysis shows that the marketing of seaweed in Marang Subdistrict is divided into two marketing channels which are divided into one level marketing channels (farmers - collectors traders - factories) and second level marketing channels (farmers - middlemen - collectors traders - middlemen - factories ).To improve the marketing of seaweed, the role of the government is needed as a way to increase the production of seaweed (Eucheuma cottonii sp.) And the quality of seaweed (Eucheuma cottonii sp.) Which in turn will increase the income of seaweed farming (Eucheuma cottonii sp.) Which obtained by farmers.

Keywords
Marketing Channels, Seaweed.

Topic
Extension of agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Ym3JLb9HaVBy

Corresponding Author
Aulia Adisti Indah Sari

Institutions
a) Student at the Departmen of Agribusiness, Graduated School of Hasanuddin University,
*email: auliaadistiindahsari[at]pasca.unhas.ac.id
b) Lecturer at the Department of Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University
c) Lecturer at the Department Science of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business, Hasanuddin University

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to describe and explain the existence of a panenmart company in the marketing communication process. The analytical method used is a qualitative descriptive analysis with a case study approach for the selection of research sites and identification of informants through in-depth interviews with key informants including: Chief Technology Officer (CEO), Chief Business Development Officer, Chief Operation Officer (COO), Chief Technology Officer (CTO), and Head of Content Digital Marketing and also 5 (five) employees involved in the marketing communication process. The results of this study enable the panenmart company to maintain its existence by using six (6) elements of marketing communication mix, namely: media advertising, direct marketing, sales promotion, personal selling, and interactive marketing.

Keywords
E-Commerce; Communication; Marketing

Topic
Extension of agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/jgdBarRuDnkp

Corresponding Author
Husnul Hatima

Institutions
(a)Postgraduate Agribusiness Study Program Students, Hasanuddin University
*husnulhatima[at]pasca.unhas.ac.id
(b)Department of Animal Socio-Economic, Hasanuddin University
(c)Department of Economics, Hasanuddin University

Abstract
The agricultural sector is one sector that has an important role in agricultural development in Indonesia. Agricultural development in Indonesia is seen as important from the overall development, because of the large natural resource potential Corn commodity is one of the agricultural sectors that has the potential in regional economic development. One of the problems of maize at the level of production and land area, the development of the selling price of farmers in the district also needs to be considered in order to increase production so that it can also increase its income. This study aims to determine the level of income of corn farmers. The study was conducted in Bulukumba Regency. The method used in this study uses the formula of cost, income and profit analysis. The results showed the average income received by corn farmers was Rp. 4,200,672.

Keywords
Corn; Income

Topic
Extension of agriculture

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/qDFHKmpXzr8h

Corresponding Author
Sri Gustina

Institutions
1Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Fisheries, Universitas Sulawesi Barat, Jl. Prof. Dr. Baharuddin Lopa, Tande Timur, Majene 91412, Indonesia
2Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km.10, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
3Division of Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Clinic, Reproduction, and Pathology, Bogor Agricultural University, Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
*E-mail: setiadi03[at]yahoo.com

Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the competence of sheep oocytes which are matured with antioxidant α-tocopherol by parthenogenesis activation. Oocytes from slaughterhouse were matured in tissue culture medium (TCM)-199 supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 10 IU/ml pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG), 10 IU/ml human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), 1 µg/ml estradiol, 50 µg/ml gentamycin, and with or without 150 µM α-tocopherol supplementation, then were parthenogenetically activated by exposing to 5 µM calcium ionophore for 5 min, and in medium containing 5 µg/ml cytochalasin B for 4 h. Furthermore oocytes were cultured in TCM 199 + 10% FBS either with or without supplementation of 150 μM α-tocopherol. Result of this experiment revealed that the percentages of activated oocytes with supplementation of 150 µM α-tocopherol only in maturation medium (63.41%) significantly higher (P<0.01) than the control group (50.00%) and the supplemented only in culture medium (51.02%). Furthermore, no significantly difference (P>0.05) in the number of oocytes with 1 pronucleus (PN), 2 PN, and more than 2 PN. It is concluded that the supplementation of 150 μM α-tocopherol on the maturation medium could also increase the percentage of activated oocytes optimally.

Keywords
Antioxidant α-tocopherol, in vitro maturation, ovine oocytes, parthenogenesis

Topic
Animal reproduction

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/3HDfycUwgVvJ

Corresponding Author
Anik Fadlilah

Institutions
1 Postgraduate student of Animal Science Faculty of Brawijaya University, Indonesia
2 Lecturer of Animal Science Faculty of Brawijaya University, Indonesia
*Email: djalal_tht[at]ub.ac.id

Abstract
Rabbit meat had been known as the high protein content of meat. Protein was derived from peptides that it was a bioactive component and potential for human health. The bioactive component of meat could be obtained by proteolysis. Fermentation was one of the methods for meat proteolysis. Lactobacillus (L.) plantarum was one of the microorganisms for meat fermentation. This research aims to determine the effect of adding L. plantarum and fermentation time of rabbit meat on Total Plate Count (TPC), Acid Lactic Bacteria (LAB) Total, Titratable acidity and pH. The method was an experimental using factorial randomized block design. The first factor was concentration of L. plantarum (0%, 6%, 8% and 10%) and the second factor was fermentation time of meat (12 hours, 18 hours and 24 hours). The results showed that L. plantarum concentration was no effect on LAB Total and TPC, while fermentation time was a highly significant effect (P<0.01) on TPC and significant effect (P <0.05) on LAB Total. L. plantarum concentration and fermentation time was a highly significant effect (P <0.01) on titratable acidity, and significant effect (P<0.05) on pH. The conclusion of this research was the best rabbit meat fermented with L. plantarum concentration was 10% and the fermentation time was 18 hours.

Keywords
Rabbit Meat, Lactobacillus plantarum, Acidity, pH

Topic
Animal production Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/kZ3TC2fpwEMv

Corresponding Author
Zulkharnaim Zulkharnaim

Institutions
Department of Animal Production, Animal Husbandry Faculty

Abstract
This research aimed to identify morphological characteristics Bali polled cattle and to know the mating behavioral characteristics of Bali polled male. This research used 100 head samples, including 11 head of polled cattle and 89 head of horned cattle. Identification of morphological characteristics using t-test independent sample and mating behavioral characteristics using analysis Completely Randomized Design. The results showed that the morphological characteristics Bali polled cattle were not significantly different with Bali horned. The mating behavioral characteristics of Bali polled cattle were not significantly different with Bali horned.

Keywords
Bali polled cattle, morphological characteristics, mating behavioral

Topic
Breeding and livestock production

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/pXrcxRDyUMEN

Corresponding Author
Anneke Anggraeni

Institutions
Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production

Abstract
Body measurements and their intercorrelations can be used as initial indicators of measurements, and to estimate chest girth from other body measurement(s) in EG goat females kept under an intensive management at one government dairy station in Purwokerto District, Central Java. Samples were Etawah Grade (EG) goat performance-based selection for good EG dairy breeding stocks.The aims of this research were to study characteristics of morphometric, to investigate inter-correlation among body females specified as breeding stocks of dairy goat tpe kept under an intensive management of the Government Dairy Breeding Station at BBPTU Baturraden, Purwokerto District, Central Java. A total of 50 EG females at the ages of 1-6 years old were measured for some body measurements. Averages of body measurements of the observed EG goat females increased by the ages. The averages of body sizes at the ages of 2 years old for SH, HH, BL, CG and HG were successively 75.0±11.1 cm, 79.8±1.8 cm, 65.3±1.8 cm, 77.0±3.9 cm, and 82.8±0.4 cm. At the mature ages (5 years old), compared to the young ones (2 years old), EG females had higher values of SH, HH, BL, CG, and HG by 6.3%, 1.8%, 17,9%, 18,0%, and 16,3%.CG had the highest correlation to HG (rs = 0.837-0.858) and CG was accurately predicted by HG or by the combination of HG to another body sizes. High inter-correlations were found among certain body measurement(s) of the EG dairy goat females.

Keywords
Dairy goat, body measurement, and breeding stock.

Topic
Breeding and livestock production

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/x4apbTe2gkMY

Corresponding Author
Muhammad Irfan Said

Institutions
1Fisheries Department, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km 10, Tamalanrea, Makassar, South Sulawesi Indonesia;
2 Veterinary Medicine Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis kemerdekaan Km. 10, Tamalanrea, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
3 Binari, Jl. Jl. Borong raya, Perumahan Graha Jannah Land 1 Blok A3 No. 3, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Abstract
This activity aims to carry out the process of dissolving oxygen improved in a synbiotic mass culture media using nano buble injectors conducted by the BINARI small business group under the supervision of Hasanuddin University. Synbiotics are used by fish farmers, breeders, and farmers to enhance growth, immunity in fish and shrimp, and host resistance to pathogenic infections. Observations were made in January - August 2019. The results of the activity showed an increase in synbiotic production thereby increasing sales and expanding the marketing area. Before using Nano Buble Technology, this group only supplied 8 regencies-cities totaling 289 L synbiotics (January-April). After using nano buble technology, production increased to 709 L and supplied 13 districts-cities (May-August). The three regions with the highest demand for synbiotics are Soppeng Regency (262 L), Palopo City (142 L), and Sidrap Regency (110 L). To increase sales and expand marketing, it is necessary to socialize and promote to other areas in South Sulawesi and Surrounding Areas.

Keywords
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Topic
Animal Nutrition and feed technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/8Jhyn6mVMpRc

Corresponding Author
Marie Najoan

Institutions
Faculty of Animal Husbandry
Sam Ratulangi University

Abstract
The aim of this research was to determine the nutrient content and characterize bioactive compounds of Goroho banana (Musa acumunafe sp) stem meal fermented with Trichoderma viride. Parameter meassured were: proximate analysis, amino acid, phytochemical, antioxidant potency of goroho banana (Musa acumunafe sp) stem meal fermented. Data were analyzed by descriptive method. Results showed that crude protein 4.86%, crude fiber 22,03, crude fat 0.94, Ca 0.42, P 0.18 and gross energy 3156,67 Kkal/kg. Amino acid were HPLC analysis demonstrated that was composed of 16 amino acids. Seven of them were essential amino acids; lysine (0.41 %) histidine (0.23 %), leucine (0.56 %), threonine (1.13 %), valine (0.11%), methionine (0.11 %), isoleucine (0.41 %), phenylalanine (0.39 %), and nine of them were non-essential amino acids; serine (0.31 %), aspartic acid (0.56 %), arginine (1.13 %), proline (0.38 %), glutamic acid (0.70 %), glycine (0.33 %), alanine (0.34 %), and tyrosine (0.30 %). Phytochemical screening by color visualization showed the presence of flavonoid 0.06 % (w/w) and analisys by tritrimetry tannin 0.01 % (w/w). Vitamin C and Vitamin E compound analysed by HPLC was Vitamin C ( Ascorbat acid ) 437 mg/ kg and Vitamin E (Tocoferol) < 0.01 mg/100 gram. It can be concluded that Goroho banana (Musa acumunafe sp) stem meal fermented with Trichoderma viride can be used as feed alternative.

Keywords
Keywords: goroho banana stem, nutrients, bioactives, feed alternative

Topic
Animal Nutrition and feed technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/c6LBnkNd4Zqu

Corresponding Author
Jamila Mustabi

Institutions
Hasanuddin University

Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan Km. 10 Kampus Unhas Tamalanrea 90245

Abstract
This study aims to determine the content of crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, and NFE cocoa pods of fermented using white rot fungi isolates from wood and rice straw. This study used white rot fungi isolates from wood and rice straw. The design used is a Completely Randomized Design consisting of 3 treatments repeated 5 times, namely A (Cocoa pod without fermentation), B (Cocoa pod fermented fungus isolates from wood), and C (Cocoa pod fermented fungus isolates from rice straw). Analysis of variance showed that the treatment had a very significant effect (P <0.01) on crude protein and crude fiber and had no significant effect (P> 0.05) on crude fat and NFE of cocoa pod. Fermentation of cocoa pods using white rot fungi isolates from wood can increase crude protein content by 5.30% and reduce crude fiber by 12.54% to 19.35%. Fermentation treatment using white rot fungi isolates from wood is better than isolates from rice straw. The isolates can improved the nutritional quality of the pod cocoa compared to fermentation using isolates from rice straw.

Keywords
White rot fungi isolates, wood, rice straw

Topic
Animal Nutrition and feed technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/v3tm8QW7qf2D

Corresponding Author
Rohmiyatul Islamiyati

Institutions
a. Faculty of animal science, Hasanuddin University Jl.Perintis Kemerdekaan KM.10, Makassar 90245, Indonesia *rohmiyatul_islamiyati[at]ymail.com

Abstract
Ruminant livestock production is highly dependent on the availability of feed. The problem in ruminant production in Indonesia is the difficulty of meeting the continuous availability of feed especially the dry season. Banana steam is an alternative feed for ruminant a lot of but low in nutrition content. The aim of this study was to determine the content of nutritive value of banana steam treated with applicative technology Trichoderma sp. as ruminant feed. The experimental design was used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 3 replications. The level of Trichoderma sp., namely 2.5%, 5.0% and 7.5%. The steam of banana was incubated during two weeks. Analysis of variance showed that the level of Trichoderma sp. not significantly effect (P >0.05) on crude protein and neutral detergent fiber (NDF). The higher levels of Trichoderma sp. tendency increased content of crude protein and decreased of NDF

Keywords
Trichoderma sp., nutritive value, banana steam

Topic
Animal Nutrition and feed technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/wDj2YKrNT8hW

Corresponding Author
Sitti Nurani Sirajuddin

Institutions
Postgraduate students of animal husbandry technology study programs at Hasanuddin University
2) Lecturer of the Department of Animal Husbandry Economy, Faculty of Animal Husbandry,Hasanuddin University

Abstract
Abstract This study aimed to determine the barriers to implementing beef cattle insurance. This research was conducted in Parangloe Sub-district of Gowa Regency in April to May 2019. The population in this study was the largest number of breeders who ever participated in the cattle insurance program, in 2017 there were 69 farmers. Samples totaled 41 people. The types of data are qualitative and quantitative. Data sources are primary data and secondary data. Descriptive data analysis using the Delphi method. The results showed obstacles in the implementation of beef cattle insurance, namely socialization about AUTS, claim procedures that are not understood, the many requirements that must be and the short time given at the time of the claim

Keywords
obstacles,livestock insurance,beef cattle

Topic
Socio-economic of animal science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/yXZqwvJmj69N

Corresponding Author
Muhammad Irfan1 Said

Institutions
1Agriculture Faculty, Bosowa University, Makassar, 2Department of Livestock Services, Bone, 3Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia

Abstract
Abstract. Artificial insemination (AI) conducted not at the optimum time might cause the low conception rate in beef cattle kept under extensive and semi extensive condition. The aim of this research was to evaluate of the optimum time of artificial insemination which shows a high conception rate in Simmental cross cows kept under semi extensive condition. There were 75 Simmental cross cows kept under semi extensive by farmers at Bone District, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. They were divided into 3 groups of 25 cows. Group 1 (G1) was inseminated 12 h after the onset of estrus, Group 2 (G2) 24 h after the onset of estrus and Group 3 (G3) 36 h after the onset of estrus. All cows inseminated using Bali bull frozen semen by 1 inseminator. The cows which showed estrus after the AI were inseminated. The variables observed were Conception Rate (CR) and Service per conception (S/C). The significant different between group were analyzed by chi square analysis. Conception rate in G1 group was significantly (P<0.05) lower (56%) in compared to those in G2 (80%) and G3 (80%), respectively. Similar response was detected for S/C. Service per Conception in G1 group was significantly (P<0.05) higher (1.92) in compared to those in G2 (1.32) and G3 (1.38), respectively. It can be concluded that optimum time for artificial insemination in Simmental cross breed cows was 24 h after the onset of oestrus.

Keywords
conception rate, service per conception, optimum time of insemination, Simmental cross

Topic
Animal reproduction

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Vrm8qRKx9FY3

Corresponding Author
Amrullah Amrullah

Institutions
1)Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University, Street Perintis Kemerdekaan Km. 10, Makassar 90245, Indonesia.
2)Center for Research and Development of Democracy, Conflict, Culture and Humanities
Institute for Research and Community Service (LP2M) Hasanuddin University.

Abstract
One of the efforts to maintain and develop beef cattle farming is extension. Extension has an important role in the development of farmers. Extension is expected to lead to changes in the knowledge, attitudes, and skills of farmers so that they are able to raise livestock and try better and more profitable livestock. This study aims to determine the level of participation of farmers in extension of beef cattle farming. The sampling technique was carried out by simple random sampling of 90 cattle farmers in ten villages in Barru District. Data collection was carried out through interviews with the help of questionnaires analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that the level of farmer participation in beef cattle farming extension was in the high category at the level of planning and implementation, while at the evaluation level it was in the medium category.

Keywords
participation, farmers, extension, beef cattle.

Topic
Socio-economic of animal science

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/FGA3zNVnWUp6

Corresponding Author
Sri Purwanti

Institutions
Departement of Animal and Feed Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Hasanuddin University, South Sulawesi, Indonesian Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10 Tamalanrea Makassar, Indonesia

Abstract
Feed material that can be used as a substitute for soybean meal for quail livestock, one of which is Indigofera zollingeriana flour which has a crude protein content of 22-29% and turmeric added as natural antibiotics can increase quail performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Indigofera zollingeriana top leaf meal as substitution of soybean meal and turmeric added as a substitute for antiobiotic on quail performance and the characteristics of the optimal digestive system. One hundred and sixty Japanese quail (Coturnix-coturnix japonica), at 7 weeks old were used in this study and kept in insulation cages. A Randomized Completely Design was applied with four dietary treatments and five replications. Control diet, without Indigofera zollingeriana top leaf meal and turmeric meal (P0), Substitute 6% soybean meal protein with 10% Indigofera zollingeriana top leaf meal and 2,5% turmeric meal (P1), Substitute 9% soybean meal protein with 15 % Indigofera zollingeriana top leaf meal and 2,5% turmeric meal (P2), Substitute 12% soybean meal protein with 20 % Indigofera zollingeriana top leaf meal and 2,5% turmeric meal. The ration used was isoprotein (20%) and isoenergy (2800 kcal kg-1). Variable observed were feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion, carcass percentages and the length and weight of the digestive tract. The result of this study was no significant among treatments (P>0.05) for feed intake, feed conversion, carcass percentages and digestive tract organs. However, body weight gains significant increased (P<0.05) were P2 not deferent with P0, P1, and P3, but P1 and P3 deferent bigger than P0. The conclusion of this study was substitute soybean meal protein with Indigofera zollingeriana top leaf meal and turmeric meal can increased quail body weight gain.

Keywords
Quail, Indigofera zollingeriana, turmeric, digestive tract, performance

Topic
Animal Nutrition and feed technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/AXLhqw6GteaV

Corresponding Author
Renny Fatmyah Utamy

Institutions
Faculty of Animal Science, University of Hasanuddin

Abstract
This study was utilized Urea Multiplenutrient Molasses Block (UMMB) based on 40% of Indigofera flour to determine the daily gain and performance of postpartum Bali Cattle. The parameters of the study were daily gain, chest depth, body length, and withers height. The UMMB consisting of rice bran, urea, coconut cake meal, shrimp waste meal, molasses, mineral, Indigofera flour, salt, and cement as an adhesive. This study was divided into two paddocks where each paddock consisted of 10 head an-estrus postpartum Bali Cattle. Subsequently, each paddock was arranged by different treatment consisted of control (without any treatments) and additional feed supplement of UMMB. The mean values of each parameter were compared by T-Test. The result revealed that the additional feed supplement of UMMB had a significant effect on average daily gain (0,8 kg head-1 day-1) compared to the control treatment (0.2 kg head-1 day-1). The treatments had significant effect on chest depth (0.2 ± 0.05 vs 0.3 ± 0.02 cm head-1 day-1) and body length (0.04 ± 0.01 vs 0.14 ± 0.05 cm head-1 day-1). In contrary, both control and additional feed supplement had no significantly effect (P = 0.55) to withers height of postpartum Bali Cattle (0.13 ± 0.03 vs 0.18 ± 0.06 cm head-1 day-1). Daily gain of an-estrus post-partum Bali cattle tended to be high by feed supplement of UMMB. Therefore, UMMB was appropriate for the ruminant diet as a feed supplement.

Keywords
body length, chest depth, daily gain, withers height, UMMB based on Indigofera

Topic
Animal production Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/VYw2UCnHRx7h

Corresponding Author
Daryatmo Daryatmo

Institutions
faculty of animal husbandry hasanuddin university

Abstract
Broilers in the closed house can increase the density chickens per m2. The study was conducted to see the performance of broilers that are kept in closed house with different populations. This research was conducted with a population of 20,000, 22,000 and 25,000 with different maintenance periods in Teaching Farm Closed house Faculty of Animal Husbandry Hasanuddin University. Provision of feed and drinking water is given by ad libitum. The parameters observed were body weight (BW), feed intake (FI), Feed Convertion Ratio (FCR), mortality and Index Performance (IP). Weighing of body weight, feed consumption and mortality calculations are carried out until week III of the maintenance period. The research data is processed by descriptive method. Based on the research results obtained population data of 20.000 tails with 1.07 kg BW, 1.376 FI, 1.286 FCR, 1.21% Mortality, IP 391, population of 22,000 with 1.1 kg BW, 1.390 FI, 1.264 FCR, 1.77% Mortality with IP 407; population of 25,000 tails with BW 1,095 kg, FI 1,377, FCR 1,256, Mortality 1.82% and IP 406. It was concluded that the highest performance was obtained with a population of 22,000 tails.

Keywords
closed house,density

Topic
Poultry production and nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/frmwvn6h97ZB