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INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GREEN AGRO-INDUSTRY AND BIOECONOMY (ICGAB 2019)

Event starts on 2019.08.26 for 1 days in Malang

http://icgab.ub.ac.id | https://ifory.id/conf-abstract/7WGbcAYBh

Page 1 (data 1 to 30 of 169) | Displayed ini 30 data/page

A Response Surface Methodology for Optimizing the Non-Gluten Over Ripe Canistel Powder Formulation
Sri Rejeki Retna Pertiwi, Aminullah, Titi Rohmayanti, Hardono

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Corresponding Author
Sri Rejeki Retna Pertiwi

Institutions
Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Djuanda University

Abstract
Over ripe canistel fruit contains high sugar and carotenoids. As it is an under-utilized fruit, it can be preserved by making it into powder beverage. In the processing of over ripe canistel powder, it is required an amount of water, maltodextrin and tricalsium phosphate (TCP). The objective of this study was to obtain the optimum formula of over ripe canistel powder using vacuum drier. Optimization was done using Design-Expert 7.0 Response Surface Methodology (RSM) software. Formula used in this study consisted of water 53-63%, maltodextrin 10-20%, and TCP 0-2%, with total with total 75% from the total interaction formulas and canistel fruit 25%. Responses of moisture content, yield, and flowability were analyzed. The formula of over ripe canistel powder significantly affected the yield and flowability, but did not significantly affect the moisture content. The optimum formula given by the Design-Expert 7.0 RSM software was 53.94% water, 19.06% maltodextrin, 2% TCP, with desirability value 0.729. The optimum formula gave prediction response values moisture content 4.37%, yield 26.12%, and flowability 30.14%. Results of verification for the optimum formula of over ripe canistel powder were moisture content 4.62%, yield 28.40%, and flowability 31.68%.

Keywords
over ripe canistel, powder, Response Surface Methodology (RSM), vacuum dryer

Topic
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/UzrJjaPv7Lbg


ACTIVITY OF INDIGEN BACTERIA CONSORTIUM FOR IMPROVING BIOLOGYCAL ASPECT OF WASTE FROM HOSPITALS dr DARSONO PACITAN
Mohamad Amin1)*, Maulidiana Finansa Yusuf1), Endang Suarsini1), Fauzi Akhbar Anugrah1), Endriana Wahyu Alita2), Ihya Fakhrurizal Amin3), Indriyani Rachman4) and Toru Matsumoto4)

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Corresponding Author
Mohamad Amin

Institutions
1)Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Negeri Malang
2)Pacitan District Research and Development Center
3)Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Indonesia
4)Department of Life and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu

*Corresponding E-mail: mohamad.amin.fmipa[at]um.ac.id

Abstract
Hospital waste has a huge impact on the organism around its disposal even though it has been treated using the right wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Various obstacles regarding WWTP are waste water quality standards that are not in accordance with the standards of environmental laws, thus requiring more efficient and environmentally friendly innovations, namely using bioremidiation of indigen bacteria. Indigenic bacteria are obtained from hospital waste from Darsono, Pacitan Regency. The purpose of this study was to detect an increase in biological indicators (BOD, COD and TSS) in the bioremediation process of hospital waste after being treated with indigen bacteria originating from the waste of RSUD Dr. Darsono, Kab. Pacitan is a bacterial species that has the potential as a bioremidiation candidate: Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterobacter agglomerans, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Burkholderia cepacia. This research is an explorative descriptive study. The results showed that the variant Enterobacter agglomerans had the highest starch hydrolysis, the variant Aeromonas hydrophila had the highest hydrolysis of the protein, and the Burkholderia cepacia variant had the highest fat hydrolysis. The biggest decrease for four days was produced by the Pabc outlet, this was due to a combination of three bacterial isolates that were able to hydrolyze starch, protein and fat from hospital waste. Likewise, with the results obtained by TSS. Decreasing levels of BOD, COD and TSS will improve the condition of the aquatic environment. thus dissolved oxygen (DO) levels increase. this is in accordance with the research conducted that there was a relatively high TSS decline until the lag phase. On the fourth day the treatment showed that TSS had experienced a relatively significant decrease below the quality standard threshold of 100 mg / l contained in the Decree of the Minister of Environment No. 58 of 1995. The greatest reduction is in the outlet k-without treatment this is due to the presence of indigenic bacteria that have not been isolated.

Keywords
bacteria consortium, biological indicator, bioremediation, waste water

Topic
WASTE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/bWLJRkVtDUN9


ADME TOXICITY EVALUATION OF PAPUA RED FRUIT FLAVONOIDS THROUGH COMPUTATIONAL STUDY
MARIA MATOETINA SUPRIJONO(a, b), SIMON BAMBANG WIDJANARKO (c) , HIDAYAT SUJUTI (d), DIKDIK KURNIA (e)

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Corresponding Author
Maria Matoetina Suprijono

Institutions
a) Department of Food Technology, Agricultural Technology Faculty, Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya, Indonesia. Email: maria-matoetina[at]ukwms.ac.id, m.matoetina[at]gmail.com
b) Doctoral Program of Agricultural Product Technology, Agricultural Faculty, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia,
c) Department of Food Science and Technology, Agricultural Technology Faculty, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia,
d) Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia,
e) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Padjajaran University, Bandung, Indonesia.

Abstract
Introduction: Red Fruit (RF) (Pandanus conoideus Lam.) was used as traditional medicine for Papuans and consumed as a daily meal. RF was proved as a source of bioactive antioxidant and anticancer, grace on their flavonoids; but there is no research focus on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity of RF flavonoids and bioactive. This research wants to evaluate the ADMET of RF flavonoids through computational study, sharpening their potency as bioactive in functional food. Methods: Flavonoids in RF extracts were identified using LCMS. The chemical structure of the flavonoids and five others were redrawn to get the SMILE. ADMET was predicted using SWISS ADME, OSIRIS Property Explorer, and hERG-Pred. The ADME was evaluated based on the physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetic, BOILED-EGG test; whereas the toxicology based on the potency as a toxicant, P-gp substrate, hERG blocker, and CYP450 inhibitor. Results: Quercetin/Q, Taxifolin/T, and Quercetin 3-Glucoside/Q3G were identified in the methanol and ethyl acetate extract. Q, T, 3,4,5-trihydroxy-7,3-dimethoxyflavone/TDF, 4-,6,6-,8-tetrahidroksi-3-metoksi-flavon/TMF, and Quercetin3-Methyl-Ether/QME fulfilled the RO5 parameters; they were higher in water solubility, gastrointestinal absorption, and bioavailability. All were not P-gp substrate and hERG blocker, but some of them were CYP450 inhibitor. Only TMF, QME, Taxifolin3-O-α-Arabinopiranose/TAP, and Quercetin3-O-Glucose/QOG that consistently had no risk as toxic compounds. Conclusion: ADMET analysis must be done along with bioactive analysis. Some of RF flavonoid showed high potency as bioactive, but with toxicity risk. The structure like TMF and QME were bioactive with low risk of toxicity.

Keywords
ADME, Toxicity, Pandanus conoideus Lam., Red Fruit Flavonoids

Topic
HEALTH, NUTRITION AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/QYgXNmBHJTbP


Air pollution control Indoor emission.
1. Abraheem Omar Maetouq. 2. Ibrahim Omar matoug.

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Corresponding Author
Ibrahem Omar Matoug

Institutions
Department of Environment Science. Azzaytuna University. Libya.

Abstract
The air emitted from different sources contains high levels of pollutants, which affect our health. Air pollution control needs to protect the public exposed to safe levels of different particulates size, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and volatile organic compounds. In addition, evaluation of the total quantity of pollutants emitted by every factory farm emissions. This paper establish a new design to recycle air pollution with no more emissions outdoor. Indoor emissions removing hazard materials from the source and recycle all waste materials. Control equipment indoor remove the emission, convert to less harmful contaminant or recycle a valuable material for further use.

Keywords
pollution, air, indoor

Topic
WASTE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/2KZUuWMPAaN4


Air Pressure Distribution Analysis of Multirotor Agricultural Drone
Samsul Hidayat(a*), Fatchur Rahman(b), I Wayan Dasna(c), Muladi(d), Nurul Hidayat(a), Nugoho Adi Pramono(a), Falen Bayu Adetya(a), M Hafidduddin Karim(a)

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Corresponding Author
Samsul Hidayat

Institutions
a) Jurusan Fisika FMIPA UM Jl Semarang 5 Malang Indonesia
samsul.hidayat.fmipa[at]um.ac.id
b) Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UM Jl Semarang 5 Malang Indonesia
c) Jurusan Kimia FMIPA UM Jl Semarang 5 Malang Indonesia
d) Jurusan Elektro FT UM Jl Semarang 5 Malang Indonesia

Abstract
Applications of quadcopter or hexacopter have made easy for plant care. This Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology can accelerate the spread of insecticides, fertilizers, seed sowing, palm pest control, and so on. The translation of air around the UAV needs to be considered to prevent damage of plant. The hit of air can cause broken branch, fall leave, insects to feel uncomfortable, getting into the sidelines of the plant, damage flowers, damage the fruit, or may damage the all plant. The restriction of the wind speed is very useful. The air blows can help pollinate, increasing the air circulation, decrease humidity, decrease the fungi, and so on. For this reason, the distribution of air pressure due to propeller activity needs to be known. This study aims to determine the air pressure distribution, with variations in lift and distance of the measuring point from the UAV propeller. The step of the research is measuring air pressure under a UAV quadcopter which has a total thrust of not less than 10kg. Fifteen air pressure sensors are arranged under the UAV. Four of fifteen sensors are connected to the Digital Storage Oscilloscope (DSO). The propeller which used in quadcopter is 3080 and 2255 with a 120kv-340kv brushless motor. The results of this study can at least be taken into consideration in the operation of quadcopter UAVs, which in this study found that the air pressure difference reached 0.02kPa. This pressure is too large for rice plants.

Keywords
quadcopter, air pressure, plant care.

Topic
AGROINDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION SYSTEM MANAGEMENT AND REGULATION

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/qLJh4bPMAHXk


An Application of MODIS Global Terrestrial Evapotranspiration for Drought Assessment and Monitoring on Agriculture Area (case study on East Java – Indonesia)
Arif Faisol, Indarto, Elida Novita, Budiyono

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Corresponding Author
Arif Faisol

Institutions
Papua University, Jember Universuty

Abstract
Drougth is one of main natural disaster in Indonesia. Some regions in Indonesia are very vulnerable to drought including Java. These research aimed to mapping droughtness level on agriculture area in East Java using MODIS Global Terrestrial Evapotranspiration and Thornthwaite Mather methods. A total of 20 MODIS Global Terrestrial Evapotranspiration image recording 2018 – 2019 and ground cek on agriculture area at some location were used for analysis. Research show that MODIS Global Terrestrial Evapotranspiration and Thornthwaite Mather methods quite accurate in describing the level of drought on agriculture area.

Keywords
MODIS Global Terrestrial Evapotranspiration, Drought, Agriculture, Thornthwaite Mather.

Topic
AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/eYxpafNMuBgR


An econometric analysis of household animal food demand in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
1Nikmatul Khoiriyah 2Ratya Anindita 3Doppy Roy Nendissa 4 Arifatus Sadiyah

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Corresponding Author
Nikmatul Khoiriyah

Institutions
1Department of Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture, 1University of Islam Malang, Indonesia
2Department of Socio Economic, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Indonesia
3Department of Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nusa Cendana, Kupang, Indonesia
4Department of Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tribhuwana Tunggadewi, Malang, Indonesia

Abstract
East Nusa Tenggara is Indonesias fifth largest producer of beef, but household consumption of protein is less than the national protein sufficiency rate. This study analyzed the impact of changes in income, price, residence status, and demographic factors on demand for animal food using the Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System approach with Poi procedure. There are 5,742 data of households in East Nusa Tenggara based on SUSENAS in March 2016 which was analyzed. The results showed that eggs were normal goods, while chicken, beef, fish, and milk were luxury goods with the highest income elasticity were chicken, beef, milk, fish, and eggs respectively at 1.8611%, 1.8321%, 1.4634 %, 1.2407%, and 0.4351%. Chicken is the most elastic commodity, followed by beef, fish, and milk, while eggs are inelastic because of the value of its Marshallian own-price elasticity less than 1. The increase in chicken prices, followed by an increase in income, increased the egg demand by 9.75%. The increase of beef prices and income simultaneously, increased demand for milk by 7.35%. The chicken had more substitutes available, so the chicken was the most elastic demand. The stability of chicken prices is important to increase animal food consumption in East Nusa Tenggara so that the number of protein sufficiency could be immediately fulfilled.

Keywords
food demand system, high price, protein, East Nusa Tenggara

Topic
FOOD SAFETY AND SECURITY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/XdcyFHQTEvhf


Anaerobic co-digestion of batik wastewater with macroalgae
S Suhartini, N Hidayat, V R Permatasari and A C E Herera

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Corresponding Author
Sri Suhartini

Institutions
Department of Agro-industrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia

Abstract
Macroalgae is one of renewable marine biomass s feedstocks for substituting land biomass. With the use of anaerobic digestion (AD) technology, macroalgae has been greatly acknowledged for bioenergy production resources, including biogas. On the other hand, batik wastewater contains chemical dyes and organic pollutants, which potentially may cause environmental pollution if disposed without a proper treatment. The aims of this research was to evaluate the potential of biogas and methane production using different ratio of batik wastewater: macroalgae (i.e. Gracilaria verrucosa fresh and dried samples) and to estimate the electrical potential generated. A biochemical methane potential (BMP) test was carried out at temperature of 37 oC for 28 days under batch condition. The results indicated that digesting Batik wastewater alone, without dilution, showed an inhibition process as indicated by a negative net biogas and methane production as well as the specific methane production (SMP). Co-digesting Batik wastewater with fresh marine G. verrucosa samples at ratio of 50:50 cannot produce a high amount of biogas or methane. All samples showed a similar biogas or methane volume compared to that of the inoculum sample. This indicated that an inhibition was occurred limiting the microbial consortia in inoculum to breakdown the organic matter in the feedstock material. This could be due to the salinity of macroalgae and the high organic pollutant concentration in batik wastewater. However, co-digestion of Batik wastewater with dried marine G. verrucosa produced higher SMP. Further alternative options to enhance to utilisation of batik wastewater are needed.

Keywords
anaerobic digestion; inhibition; Gracilaria verrucosa; batik wastewater

Topic
RENEWABLE ENERGY AND BIOREFINERY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/9g7DJ36dCkYz


Analysis Implementation of Reliability Centered Maintenance at XX sugarcane industry
Danang T. Setiyawan; Farhan Azhari, Usman Effendi

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Corresponding Author
Danang Triagus Setiyawan

Institutions
Brawijaya University

Abstract
The problems faced at at XX sugarcane industry is low reliability. The purpose of this study is to identify the critical subsystems that causes low reliability and to determine the optimal interval of scheduled planned maintenance. By using the machine failure data can be obtained the reliability estimation for each subsystem for different time intervals. As a results of the analysis show that the Stalk Hammer and Hammer Tip is the most critical subsystem. The result shows reduced the frequency of failure from 326 times to 162 times, and increasing availability from 86.5% to 90.5%.

Keywords
Maintenance Management, Reliability, Total Cost Maintenance

Topic
AGROINDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION SYSTEM MANAGEMENT AND REGULATION

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/bfDYuJvXcG4n


Analysis of Factors Affecting Consumer Purchasing Decisions on Aice Ice Cream Using Partial Least Square (PLS) in Malang City)
Dr. Panji Deoranto, STP, MP., Masud Effendi, STP, MP., Gloria Elizabeth Malau, ST

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Corresponding Author
Panji Deoranto

Institutions
Brawijaya University

Abstract
The development of the ice cream business in Indonesia is currently very fast with competition that is also getting tighter. Various brands of ice cream from different companies can easily be found in the market and more and more choices of ice cream for consumer consumption. In Malang City recently, new ice cream products have emerged. One of them is Aice ice cream products. The emergence of Aice ice cream has resulted in increased competition between ice cream one products and other ice cream products, so that businesses seek ways that can be used as an advantage in competition. One of the ways that can be done by companies to be able to compete is knowing the factors that influence consumer purchasing decisions on a product. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of price, brand image and product quality on buying interest and purchasing decisions on Aice ice cream, and the influence of buying interest mediated the price, brand image, product quality variables on purchasing decisions. This study uses price variables (X1), brand image (X2), product quality (X3) on buying interest (Y1) and purchasing decisions (Y2), with a total sample of 100 respondents who had bought and consumed Aice ice cream products in six last month in Malang City. Data collection is done by distributing and interviewing consumers. Data processing using the PLS (Partial Least Square) method. The results of this study indicate that the price variable (X1), brand image (X2) and product quality (X3) significantly influence buying interest (Y1) and purchasing decisions (Y2). Interest buying variable (Y1) is able to mediate the relationship between price variable (X1), brand image (X2) and product quality (X3) on purchasing decisions (Y2). The variables that have the most dominant influence on purchasing decisions are product quality variables (X3).

Keywords
aice ice cream, purchase decision, PLS

Topic
AGROINDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION SYSTEM MANAGEMENT AND REGULATION

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/6TaubhpjKvnm


Analysis of Financial Feasibility and Value-Added Enhancement of Corn Milk Product Development
WG Rohmah, BSD Dewanti, DM Ikasari, R Septifani

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Corresponding Author
Wendra G Rohmah

Institutions
Department of Agro-industrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia

Abstract
The aims of this study were to analyze the financial feasibility and value-added increasing of corn milk product development. The financial feasibility study carried out using the criteria of Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Payback Period (PP), Break Event Point (BEP), B/C ratio and R/C ratio, while analysis of increasing value-added using the Hayami Method approach. The results showed that the product development of corn milk was financially feasible to be continued with increasing value-added of 52%. Based on the calculation of financial feasibility known that the Net Present Value (NPV) product development of corn milk is IDR 27,784,596.28. The value of Internal Rate of Return (IRR) is 81.49% and the Payback Period (PP) is 3 months. The value of business efficiency (R/C ratio) is 1.50; while the B/C ratio is 1.35. To obtain maximum profit, product sales must exceed the Break Event Point (BEP) value, which is sales of over 240 bottles or IDR 1,444,910,- with a selling price of IDR 6,000/bottle.

Keywords
corn milk, product development, financial feasibility, value added

Topic
AGROINDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION SYSTEM MANAGEMENT AND REGULATION

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/p8FtLjTXzBfU


Analysis of Land Use Effect on Erosion Rate (Case Study: 16 Watersheds in Tapalkuda Area – East Java)
Rhoshandhayani Koesiyanto Taslim, Indarto Indarto, Marga Mandala

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Corresponding Author
Rhoshandhayani Koesiyanto Taslim

Institutions
Program Studi Magister Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Air Pertanian Pascasarjana Universitas Jember

Abstract
Land use change that penetrate green area causes critical land. Critical land causes increase the erosion. Moreover, infrastructure development is increasing in the Tapalkuda area (Probolinggo, Lumajang, Jember, Bondowoso, Situbondo, and Banyuwangi). If erosion is higher, it will have an impact on the quantity and quality of water. For that, this research aims to analyze the effect of land use for erosion rates on 16 watershed of Tapalkuda in East Java using USLE method (Universal Soil Loss Equation) and GIS. The erosion rate was calculated based on the erosivity faktor (R) calculated from analysis of rainfall data, crop factor (C) and land use map analyzed by land use map 2014, the length and slope faktor (LS) calculated from the ASTER GDEM2, and erodibility faktor (K) obtained by soil type map. After the erosion rate was obtained, the comparised between erosion rate and land use that carried out using a correlation coefficient. The factor of land use analyzed are rice fields, settlements, fields, gardens and bushes.

Keywords
watershed, land use, erosion, USLE

Topic
AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/YQ3TzfmrC2e8


Analysis of Lean Six Sigma in Reducing Waste on Wheat Flour Packing Process
Sucipto Sucipto(a),(b*), Erni Susilowati(a), Usman Effendi(a)

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Corresponding Author
Sucipto Sucipto

Institutions
(a) Departement of Agroindustrial Technology, Universitas Brawijaya.
(b) Halal Qualified Industry Development (Hal-Q ID) Universitas Brawijaya, ciptotip[at]ub.ac.id

Abstract
This study aims to identify and measure the activity of waste that occurred, performance sigma value, and obtain solutions which do by the researcher in Consumer Packing Division PT Z. Waste is measured and assessed using the methods of Lean Six Sigma and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA). Based on research, activity categorized waste activities include Defect, Waiting, Non Utilizing People-s Talent, Transportation, and Motion. Measurement focused on the largest waste Defect Broken Pack. The result showed DPMO value 4089.2475 with level sigma 4.14 and Index Capability Process Capability (Cp) 1.31. FMEA analysis showed 8 causes factors of the failure broken pack. Four failure mode of which exceeds the critical value that is less of a response operator (RPN = 150), lack of control of packaging (RPN = 126), less skilled workers (RPN = 120) and the inaccuracy of allocating the number of workers (RPN = 105). Therefore the provision of on the job training, proper allocation of workers during breaks, the packaging audit of the suppliers of packaging and increase the number of workers needed to support the efficiency of the flour packing process.

Keywords
DPMO, FMEA, Lean Six Sigma, Packing, Waste

Topic
FOOD SAFETY AND SECURITY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/EaKHLbu2eNcV


Analysis of PEF (Pulsed Electric Field) input energy and its effect to the tannin content of Areca (Areca catechu L.) seed powder extract
NL Rahmah, Sukardi, AM Ahsan

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Corresponding Author
NUR LAILATUL RAHMAH

Institutions
Agro-industrial Technology
Universitas Brawijaya

Abstract
Pretreatment before conducted plant extraction using Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) has been reported improve the yield and quality extracts. The specific input energy of PEF is an energy needed for each unit of volume of material during the PEF process which is expressed in units of kJ / cm3. It was influenced by voltage and duration of PEF. In this study, the relationship between specific input energy using variation voltage and duration of PEF was studied on extraction of areca seed. This research examined tannin levels and changes in areca cell structure before and after PEF. Areca (Areca catechu L.) is one of the plants that contain phenolic compounds as tannin as antioxidant. To obtain this compound, it was required the extraction process of areca seeds. This research used Factorial Randomized Block Design with two factors. The first factor was PEF voltage with three levels of 3, 4 and 5 kV and the second factor was PEF duration with three levels of 3, 5 and 7 minutes. The obtained data was analyzed by ANOVA. The input energy of PEF from 1.92-12.44 kJ/cm3 did not show significant effect on tannin content of areca seeds extract. However, when it compared with control (without PEF), better results was obtained on the tannin content. Scanning Electron Microscopic analysis from areca seed powder showed differences structure between control and PEF treatment. This study indicates that PEF pretreatment offers great promise in tannin extraction.

Keywords
input energy, cell structure, tannin, PEF

Topic
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/yQ6dhnCD9Hfe


ANALYSIS OF PROBIOTIC CHARACTERISTICS AND BAL VIABILITY OF SEAWEED HYDROLYSIS (Eucheuma cottoni)
Vitta Rizky Permatasari (a), Dwi Setyaningsih (b)

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Corresponding Author
Vitta Rizky Permatasari

Institutions
(a) Dept of Agroindustrial Technology
Faculty of Agricultural Technology
Brawijaya University
Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145

(b) Surfactant and Bioenergy Research Center
Bogor Agricultural University
Jl. Pajajaran No.1 Bogor 16144

Abstract
Eucheuma cottoni is one of the most utilized marine commodities for carrageenan production. Carrageenan can be utilize for probiotics production. This study aimed to obtain bacterial growth media with the highest probiotic activity before and after drying. The study consisted of several stages, namely: pre-hydrolysis, hydrolysis with inactive enzymes, chemical and microbiological characterization, drying with spray drying, and BAL viability test. From the results of the study concluded that the untreated sample had the best results compared to filtering and precipitation samples. The untreated sample had reduced sugar content of 0.35%, total sugar 2.81%, pH 5.37, total acid 0.147%, and total LAB of 8.2x108 CFU/ml. After drying with spray drying, the BAL viability reduced to 9.7x106 CFU/ml.

Keywords
Probiotic, Eucheumma cottoni, hydrolysis

Topic
FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/KaqtL23xrzNm


Analysis of vitamin C content and physical quality {overrun & melt speed) cashew ice cream (Anacardium occidentaleL)
Rakhmawati, Moh Faisol, Umi Purwandari

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Corresponding Author
Rakhmawati wati

Institutions
Agricultural Industrial Technology Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture,
University of Trunojoyo Madura Bangkalan Po Box 2(69162)

Abstract
One of the products of plantations in Indonesia is cashew. Cashew has a very high vitamin C content. However, this fruit is easily damaged and the price is relatively low, so it is necessary to innovate in processing this fruit, one of which is to be made into cashew ice cream. This study aims to determine the effect of the proportion of whipped cream and the proportion of emulsifiers / SP on vitamin C content, physical quality (overrun & melt speed) and the favorite value (hedonic) of cashew ice cream (Anacardium occidentale L). This study used a completely randomized design method (CRD) with double sample replications and two test replications. For panelists on hedonic testing using 20 semi-trained panelists. The results showed that the proportion of whipped cream and cashew with an emulsifier / SP proportion had a significant effect (p <0.05) on overrun, melting speed, vitamin C level. The proportion of whipped cream had a significant effect (p <0.05) on the hedonic test ( taste and aroma) but the proportion of emulsifier / SP has no significant effect and hedonic test which includes the color of the aroma and texture. The best treatment is the proportion of 200 g cashew, whipped cream 400 g and emulsifier / SP 15 g with HPP (cost of production) of Rp. 851.5 and the selling price of Rp. 1,200 with a 30% profit.

Keywords
cashew, ice cream, whipped cream, emulsifier/sp

Topic
FOOD SAFETY AND SECURITY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/jekwgGQXEPF6


Animal welfare assessment of dairy cows in Indonesia
Dewi Ratih Ayu Daning*, Siska Aditya†

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Corresponding Author
Dewi Ratih Ayu Daning Daning

Institutions
*Politeknik Pembangunan Pertanian Malang. Jl. Dr. Cipto 144 a Bedali, Lawang, 65200, Indonesia
†Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Brawijaya University, Puncak Dieng Eksklusif, Malang 65151, East Java, Indonesia

Abstract
The managements of animal production, including animal transport and slaughtering, are the essential parameters of animal welfare. Nevertheless, the differences of region, cultural, social, religion, and political dimensions could might affect the animal welfare assessment. Nowadays, animal welfare system is getting more pay attention and has been an important priority of the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) for over a decade. For example, developing country such as Indonesia, has been applied the animal welfare standard for dairy cows, in order to standardize the assessment for animal health and good quality of the milk. Furthermore, the measurement to achieve the representative welfare assessment are scored according to a three–point scale, ranging from 0 – 2 for each animals. More details, 0 means good welfare, 1 is awarded for some compromise on welfare, and 2 is poor and unacceptable welfare. Hereinafter, these assessments of animal welfare standard are importantly used to support the appropriate feeding, good health, standardized housing, and fine behavior for dairy cow farms. Our data concluded that, Indonesia farmers who had the small total number of animals, around 3-5 dairy cows, having score 1 of the animal welfare assessments.

Keywords
dairy farm, good feeding, good health, good housing, appropriate behavior

Topic
ANIMAL WELFARE AND TECHNOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/6XepCFaK8A3L


Antibacterial Activity of Cocoa Pod Husk Phenolic Extract Againts Escherichia coli for Food Processing
Eka Mustika Diniardi1, Shinta Rosalia Dewi2, Bambang Dwi Argo2, Yusuf Wibisono*2,3

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Corresponding Author
Yusuf Wibisono

Institutions
1Master Program of Agriculture Engineering, Univ. of Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran No.1 Malang 65145, Indonesia
2Bioprocess Engineering, Univ. of Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran No.1 Malang 65145,
Indonesia
3MILI Water Research Institute, PO Box 301 ML, Malang 65101, Indonesia

Abstract
. The abundance of agricultural crop waste biomass gained attention as it could be converted into a more useful chemicals. Cocoa pod husks (CPH) is a waste of cocoa plantation, contains phenolic compounds which can be used as antibacterial ingredients. Phenolic compounds in CPH include phenolic acids, flavonoids and flavones. This study is aiming at evaluating antibacterial activity of CPH phenolic extracts, by using Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) method. Extraction was done using 96% ethanol as solvent and combination of biomass and solvent ratio of 1:4, 1:6 and 1:8 m/v, respectively, with microwave targeted extraction time of 2, 3 and 4 minutes, respectively. The extraction results with the highest total phenolic content were tested againts Escherichia coli activity using a disk diffusion method at an extract concentration of 5; 7.5; 10 and 15 mg/ml, respectively. The highest total phenolic content of 453 mg GAE/g dry extract was obtained from MAE treatment with biomass/solvent ratio of 1:4 (m/v) for 4 minutes. The results of the antibacterial activity of extracts against Escherichia coli showed that inhibitory zones had formed at a concentration of 5 mg/ml. The width of the inhibition zone increases as the concentration of extract increases. Antibacterial activity of CPH phenolic extract can be used for food processing, such as utilizing as fillers in a mixed matrix membranes for juice clarification.

Keywords
cocoa pod husk, extract, phenolic content, antibacterial activity, Escherichia coli

Topic
AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/2MyhEcGLuTkp


Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of beebread harvested from different species honeybee
Firman Jaya (a)*, Djalal Rosyidi (a), Lilik Eka Radiati (a), Sri Minarti (b), Mustakim (a), Agus Susilo (a), Rofian Henis Muslimah (c), Misbah Husolli (c)

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Corresponding Author
Firman Jaya

Institutions
(a) Department of Animal Products Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia

(b) Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Brawijaya, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia

(c) Alumni Department of Animal Products Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia

Abstract
Honeybee can produce bee bread beside the most famous commercial products i.e. honey, propolis and pollen. These products are widely believed to have medicinal benefits. However, there are very few scientific data available on the honeybee-s product to prove the claims. In this study, bee bread from different species honeybee, namely Apis mellifera, Apis cerana, and Trigona spp were evaluated as antioxidants and natural antimicrobial agents. Bee bread from Apis cerana exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity, followed by Apis mellifera and Trigona spp. Meanwhile, bee bread from Apis cerana showed high antioxidant activities as radical scavenger, total flavonoid and todal phenolic. These findings establish the potential of bee bread from Apis cerana as antioxidants and antimicrobial agents, promising natural food supplements and natural preservatives.

Keywords
Apis mellifera; Apis cerana; Trigona spp; radical scavenger; antimicrobial activity

Topic
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/JxVnLrE6Bzg3


APPLICATION MODEL DEVELOPMENT OF BANGLI ARABICA COFFEE
I Gusti Bagus Udayana*, Luh Kartini, A.A, Ngurah Mayun Wirajaya, Made Sri Yuliartini

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Corresponding Author
I Gusti Bagus Udayana

Institutions
Faculty of Agriculture. Warmadewa University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia

Abstract
The Kintamani region, Bangli Regency, Bali Province, is one of the centers of Arabica coffee plants that already have a brand on the international market. Basically, the potential of Arabica coffee in the region is still quite open, but in recent years there has been a phenomenon that is the shift of plants from coffee to oranges. This shift occurs because citrus farming provides more income than coffee farming. This phenomenon encourages researchers to conduct research entitled: APPLICATION MODEL DEVELOPMENT OF BANGLI ARABICA COFFEE , aimed at increasing the added value of Bangli arabica coffee. The study was conducted in Batur village, Kintamani Subdistrict, Bangli Regency, Bali Province. The research unit is the farmer household that cultivates coffee plants in the year of the study. The sampling method uses Simple Random Sampling with a sample size of 60 farmers. The validation test of the synergy model in order to increase motivation is done through a personal approach through joint activities in the processing of ose coffee. Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was conducted twice. This research provides the results of concrete steps in developing coffee commodities holistically from the upstream to downstream sectors. The applicative model that was compiled was able to offer an ideal coffee agribusiness management offer so as to increase the productivity and quality of coffee at the farm level through agro Arabica coffee tourism objects

Keywords
Arabica coffee. Applicative Model, Arabica Coffee Agribusiness

Topic
AGROINDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION SYSTEM MANAGEMENT AND REGULATION

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/mguqafExD7UK


Application of Electro-osmosis Methods in Brassica Juncea .L with Soil and Voltage Variations
Joko Prasetyo (a)*, Nur Ida Winny Yosika (b)

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Corresponding Author
Joko Prasetyo

Institutions
a) Agricultural Engineering Department, University of Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran, Malang, Indonesia
*jprasetyo2241[at]gmail.com
b) Agricultural Engineering Department, University of Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran, Malang, Indonesia
winniyosika8[at]gmail.com

Abstract
Electro-osmosis is a method for regulating water availability by utilizing one-way electric current directly. Two electrodes are installed on the ground and run by electricity, then the water contained in the soil will move from the positive electrode to the negative electrode. Water is a resource and a determinant factor that determines the performance of the agricultural sector. Water scarcity is a major obstacle in the management of dry land. Water maintained by electrodes will facilitate the roots to absorb water by utilizing the principle of electro-osmosis. In this study, we observed the rate of water withdrawal and growth of mustard plants using the electro-osmosis method at various input voltages (5, 12 and 24 volts) and combinations of soil types (clay, compost and sand). The best treatment is the 12 volt input voltage with a combination of dominant clay soil consisting of 40% clay, 30% compost and 30% sand.

Keywords
Electro-osmosis, soil, water, voltage

Topic
AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/TwFkfXCZABgN


Appropriate Technology Application of Traditional Clove Oil Production in East Java, an Effort to Up-grade Quality
M Lutfi(a), K Andajani(b), Ilhamuddin(c), H N Utami(d), F N Affifah(a)

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Corresponding Author
Musthofa Lutfi

Institutions
(a)Departement of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Brawijaya University
*lutfi[at]ub.ac.id
(b)Department of Indonesian Language and Literature Education, Faculty of Literature, State University of Malang
(c)Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Brawijaya University
(d)Department of Administration of Bussiness, Faculty of Administration Science, Brawijaya University

Abstract
In East Java, there are clove leaves oil refining as a rural people business due to it have been both ease of processing operation and low capital needed. This clove leaves oil production process uses the old leaves that fall naturally when dry season period means it is more conserve and environment friendly. East Java rural distillers have been using only single boiler for steam, water and raw materials so that the investment costs are cheaper. This study aims to find out the use of appropriate technology in clove leaves distillation process to increase clove oil both yield and quality. Two kinds of efforts conducting i.e. introduce leaves crusher as raw material and replace old chamber material with stainless steel. After clove leaves crushed, there are three grades of raw materials i.e. rough leaves, smooth leaves, and non-crushed leaves. Then, they are distilled in the new stainless steel boiler to compare the oil yield and quality. The result of crushed leaves treatment show that there are different volume condensate resulted from the same volume of raw materials i.e. 128.2 liter and 117.2 liter from smooth grade crushed leaves and rough grade respectively. The highest percentage of clove oil (15.07%) get from rough grade crushed leaves. Replacing chamber material with stainless steel affects to brightness of the clove oil. In conclusion, these two kinds of efforts to improve appropriate technology for clove oil production can increase both yield and oil brightness. Furthermore it can improve the competitive advantages of the product.

Keywords
Clove oil, crushing leaves, traditional distillation, Small enterprises

Topic
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/4yKZdjM6zWBr


Aqueous Extraction of Galactomannan from Various Palmae as Alternative Materials: A Review
Indra Saputra Kurniawan (a*), Susinggih Wijana (a), Aji Sutrisno (b)

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Corresponding Author
Indra Saputra Kurniawan

Institutions
a) Department of Agro-industrial Technology Faculty of Agricultural Technology Brawijaya University Malang, Indonesia
* ikurniawan131[at]gmail.com
b) Department of Agricultural Product Technology Faculty of Agricultural Technology Brawijaya University Malang, Indonesia

Abstract
This review paper discusses the physicochemical characteristics of three different species of Palmae (Arenga pinnata, Cocos nucifera, dan Nypa fruticans) as alternative materials to produce galactomannans. Galactomannan has generally been widely applied and used in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and paper industries. The major galactomannans of commercial importance in industries (guar gum, tara gum and locust bean gum) are limited in Indonesia. Therefore important to search for alternative renewable sources. The galactomannans were obtained by aqueous extraction followed by a precipitation with ethanol. The yield, monosaccharide composition and physicochemical parameters of the extracted galactomannans are different. The results confirm the possibility to produce galactomannan from various palms.

Keywords
galactomannans; aqueous extraction

Topic
AGRO FORESTRY AND BIODIVERSITY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Q8nLcMx6GwhH


Artificial Neural Network to Predict Chlorophyll Content of Cassava (Manihot esculenta) Leaf
Retno Damayanti, Sandra Malin Sutan, Elda Dahlena

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Corresponding Author
Retno Damayanti

Institutions
Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia

Abstract
Artificial neural network (ANN) based prediction system was presented for predicting the leaf population chlorophyll content from cassava leaf images. As the training of this prediction system relied heavily on how well those leaf green pixels were separated from background noises in cassava leaf images, a global thresholding algorithm and an omnidirectional scan noise filtering coupled with the hue histogram statistic method were designed for leaf green pixel extraction. With the obtained leaf green pixels, the system training was carried out by applying a back propagation algorithm. The system was tested to predict the chlorophyll content from the cassava leaf images. The results showed highest positive regression occurred in the saturation_HSL index against the total chlorophyll of cassava leaf as much as 78.6%. The best model produced through artificial neural network methods in predicting total chlorophyll is a network model with 8 inputs, 9 hidden layers and one output layer, in the proportion of training data 75% testing data 25% have value result the smallest MSE testing is 0.0921 with regression testing of 0.8468. Network model is able to read the highest source of chlorophyll on cassava leaf with 84.68%.

Keywords
Artificial Neural Network; Cassava leaf; Chlorophyll; Image processing.

Topic
AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/g7PBxXedtqTG


Assess the potential of UASB reactors operated at very low up flow velocities to treatment of low strength wastewater at mesophilic temperature 35 ⁰C
Masood A G Ali

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Corresponding Author
MASOOD ABDUSALAM GHANEM ALI

Institutions
Department of Geology and Environment , Faculty of Sciences, Baniwaleed University, Libya

Abstract
The research assessed the potential of up flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors operated at very low up flow velocities to provide full-flow anaerobic treatment of low strength wastewater at low temperature 35 ⁰C. The work was carried out using laboratory-scale UASB reactors fed on a synthetic wastewater, which was designed to simulate a typical unsettled municipal wastewater. The reactors were operated under a range of condition to test their performance and stability based on four main indicators: chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal, total suspended solids (TSS) removal, gas production and gas composition. The results from this investigation showed that UASB reactors operated at a temperature of 35⁰C were highly effective in the treatment of synthetic sewage at influent COD concentrations from 450 to 2250 mg l-1 COD at a constant HRT of 1 day, and at HRT from 24 to 8 hours with an influent COD concentration of 450 mg l-1. The specific methane yield obtained was around 0.32 l CH4 g-1 COD removed. COD removal efficiencies were high at ≥ 93 % and total suspended solid removal was around 95 %. The results confirmed that full flow treatment under mesophilic conditions, without heating of the UASB reactor, was feasible at wastewater temperatures of 35 ⁰C. The warm temperate areas that are suited to this application, e.g. the tropical countries and Mediterranean region, also often have relatively low water use and/or high rates of re-use due to water scarcity.

Keywords
wastewater treatment

Topic
INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOPROCESSING

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/uw82a3kHZMKr


Assessment of Drying Method on Characteristic of Dried Temper Chilli Producing Abon Cabe
N.D.M.Romauli (a*), Hendri F. Purba (b), Tommy Purba (b) and Himsar Ambarita (c)

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Corresponding Author
Nauas Domu Marihot Romauli

Institutions
a) Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Prof. A. Sofyan No 3 Kampus USU, Medan 20155, Indonesia
*nauas.hutabarat[at]gmail.com
b) Post Harvest Division, BPTP Sumatera Utara, Jl. Jend. Besar A.H. Nasution no 1B, Medan 20143, Indonesia
c) Sustainable Energy and Biomaterial Centre of Excellent, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. AlmamaterKampus USU, Medan 20155, Indonesia

Abstract
Abstract. Temper chilli is a local chilli variety of Karo District in North Sumatera. The aim of this assessment was to investigate the characteristic of dried Temper Chilli with different drying methods on producing abon cabe. Chilli was cutted half and sliced before dried using solar drying and oven. The pretreatments is to make drying time shorter therefore can get better color and vitamin C. The characteristic parameters were moisture content, colour (L*,a*,b* values), ash and Vitamin C content. The results showed that the colour and vitamin C of dried chilli powder using solar drying was higher than that using oven. In addition, the sensory evaluation of abon cabe using the best quality of dried Temper chilli were observed.

Keywords
temper chilli; drying process; chilli powder

Topic
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/jEXcMNGJ6UZg


Benefit-Cost For Selecting technolgy in salt production
Iffan Maflahah, Asfan

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Corresponding Author
IFFAN MAFLAHAH

Institutions
Department of Agro-industrial Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Trunojoyo Madura, Bangkalan 69162, Indonesia

Abstract
This paper discusses the costs of choosing the technology for the salt production process using the AHP technique. The strength of the strategy to the selection of production process technology based on the benefit-cost ratio by several criteria. The choice of salt production technology is traditional techniques, tunneling techniques, prism techniques, and FDS (Flow down system) techniques. The AHP structures are the criteria and sub-criteria. AHP criteria give impacts such as production process technology, salt quality, production costs, and human resources. From these criteria, the cost of investment modal and maintenance have the highest weight — the quality of salt determined by the color, NaCl content, and size of the salt granules. The criteria for production costs consist of sub-criteria for raw material costs, capital investment costs, and indirect costs. The level of technology is conventional technology, semi-modern technology, and modern technology. Human resources are the experience of farmers in processing salt production. The production costs needed for the salt production process greatly determine the farmer decision to obtain the optimal quality and quantity of salt. The second priority is the ease of production process technology and successively the following criteria as human resources and the quality of the salt produced. The recommended technology for production process based on AHP by using B/C ratio and consideration as indicators are tunnel and prism techniques.

Keywords
Analytical Hierarchy process, salt production technology, selection criteria

Topic
FISHERIES AND MARINE RESOURCES TECHNOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/WTUecp38PdQk


BIOACTIVE COMPOUND ANALYSIS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIAL EXTRACT FROM NONI FRUITS (Morinda citrifolia l.)
Sogandi (a*); Rabima (a); Lingga Harlim (a)

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Corresponding Author
Sogandi Sogandi

Institutions
a) Department of Pharmacy, University of 17 Augustus 1945, Jakarta,14356, Indonesia
*Corresponding author: sogandi[at]uta45jakarta.ac.id

Abstract
Endophytic bacteria have been recognized as a microorganism that has an important role as the producer of bioactive compounds. In the literature, endophytic bacteria from Noni fruits (Morinda citrifolia l.) with their antioxidant activities have been rarely studied. This research aimed at isolating endophytic bacteria associated with Noni fruits to investigate their antioxidant activity, to identify potential endophytic bacteria with16s rRNA and to detect bioactive compounds they produce. Based on morphological characteristics of bacterial colonies, six endophyte bacteria were isolates from Noni fruits. The isolates were observed and evaluated in terms of their antioxidant activities by using 1,1-Diphenyl -2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Results of this study discovered supernatant from isolate ACP3 to have the highest DPPH free-radical scavenging activity at up to 68.90%. In addition, molecular identification conducted by applying PCR amplification on 16S rRNA gene showed isolate ACP3 (Acc. No. MN068816) to belong to Staphylococcus sp. with 100% sequence similarities. Looking at GCMS analysis, ethyl acetate fraction from the secondary metabolites of isolate ACP3 contained pyrazine alkaloids, which have been known as a bioactive compound. Based on these results, the ACP3 strain was considered as a good and sustainable resource for natural antioxidants.

Keywords
16s rRNA; Antioxidant; Endophyitic Bacteria; Morinda citrifolia

Topic
HEALTH, NUTRITION AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/d4Lt7BvaPeEA


Biosurfactants Production using Glucose and Molasses as Carbon Sources by Azotobacter vinelandii and Soil Washing Application in Hydrocarbon-contaminated soil
Luhur Akbar Devianto (a), Cynthia Elgiene Levanna Latunussa (b), Qomarudin Helmy (b), Edwan Kardena (b*)

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Corresponding Author
Luhur Akbar Devianto

Institutions
(a) Department Environmental Engineering, University of Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran No.1 Malang 65145, Indonesia
(b) Department Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No.10 Bandung 40132, Indonesia
*kardena[at]pusat.itb.ac.id

Abstract
The purpose of this research was to understand the influence of carbon source variation in the biosurfactant production by Azotobacter vinelandii as well as its potential application on remediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soil by soil washing. The growth microorganism, biosurfactant quantity in exopolysaccharide and fatty acid fraction were examined. The quality of biosurfactant was analysed by emulsification index. The results show that biggest production was occured at the 48th hour with μmax1 = 0.416/hour, μmax2 = 0.093/hour and Ks1 = 6.55 g/L, Ks2 = 4.69 g/L for glucose and molasses substrat respectively. Biosurfactant product of Azotobacter vinelandii in glucose 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, and 3% showed emulsification index as much as 100%. While, emulsification index of the biosurfactant produced with molasses reached 100% within 1%, 1.5%, and 2% molasse concentration. This results showed that molasses has potential utilization as carbon source in biosurfactant production. In soil washing application, Biosurfactant and Tween 80 were used as emulsifier to removed Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs) by contacting in erlenmeyer flask at rotary shaker. The results showed that highest removal achieved by using biosurfactant. The Highest TPHs removal reach 48.89% which occured at 100 rpm for 40 minutes.

Keywords
Azotobacter vinelandii, Biosurfactants, Glucose, Molasses, Soil washing

Topic
WASTE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/2XF3Lm6yeZAu


Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae-based Fish Feed Production Fermented by Rhizopus oryzae
Cita Mahardika Hariyono (a*) , Yunianta (a), Harijono (a), Catur Sriherwanto (b)

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Corresponding Author
Cita Mahardika Hariyono

Institutions
a) Department of Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, Indonesia
b) Biotech Center, Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT), Tangerang Selatan 15314, Indonesia

Abstract
In fish aquaculture, feed cost has the highest share in the total cost during the production period. The increase in the prices of fishmeal and high cost of industrial fish feed have prompted the search for alternative to commercial feeds. Some research looking for farm-made feed that spending less money on operating costs and easy to apply method. This farm-made fish feed using simple equipment, locally available material, and inexpensive bio-floating agents. This innovation will decrease operating costs and increased profit since fish farmers can make fish feed by themselves. Black soldier fly larvae meal, produced from the larvae of insect Hermetia illucens, has shown promise as a fish meal replacement in diets for fish. Insects has good nutritional value, cheap to produce, and has no conflict with human consumption. In this research, Rhizopus oryzae used as bio-floating agent on the fish feed. Rhizopus oryzae could give certain physical and chemical properties on fish feed such as floating ability, water stability, and also nutritional content due to its metabolic activity. This research is aimed to obtain the optimal fermentation period and inoculum dosage to improve physical characteristic and nutritional value of fish feed. The results showed that fermented floating feeds gained better physical characteristic and nutritional value (p<0.05). Thus, using Black soldier larvae meal might be a feasible alternative protein source for replacement of fish meal. Rhizopus oryzae fermentation also has a potential to be further developed as bio-floating agent and increase nutritional value of fish feed.

Keywords
Fermented fish feed; Rhizopus oryzae; Bio-floating agent; Physicochemical

Topic
FISHERIES AND MARINE RESOURCES TECHNOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/9gFYJxtwEKD4


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