Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
Rolly Maulana Awangga

Institutions
Sekolah Teknik Elektro Informatika
Institut Teknologi Bandung

Abstract
Brain Decoding is a popular topic in neuroscience. The purpose is how to reconstruct an object that came from a sensory system using brain activity data. There is three brain area generally use in brain decoding research. The somatosensory area generally using mice and touch they whisker. Auditory area using different sound frequency as stimuli. The visual area using shape, random image, and video. Take one example in the visual cortex. Using the retinotopic mapping concept, the object possible to reconstruct using visual cortex activity recorded by fMRI. Retinotopic mapping focus is to relate fMRI records into visual objects seen by the subject. This possibilities of brain decoding research come to the next level when combining using deep learning. The image seen by the subject can bee reconstructed by using visual cortex activity. Make reconstruction come faster and realistic to predict the stimuli. This opportunity is opening the era of the brain-computer interface. Combine a method to analyze brain functionality related to the human sensory. Bring hope and increased human quality of life. This paper reviews research in the field of brain encoding. Divide into three sections, the first section is brain decoding research in somatosensory. The second section is brain decoding in the auditory cortex. For the last section, explain visual cortex reconstruction. Every section includes equipment devices to record brain activity and the source of datasets and methods to get the brain activity data.

Keywords
Brain decoding, mid reading, brain mapping, deep learning

Topic
Biomedical, Robotic and ICT engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/R9Dx8qnKPJ7v

Corresponding Author
Andre Subagja Manurung

Institutions
(a) School of Electrical and Informatics Engineering, Bandung Institute of Technology
Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
*andresubagjamanurung[at]gmail.com
(b) Faculty of Art and Design, Bandung Institute of Technology
Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia

Abstract
Dehydration is a deficit of total body water. Dehydration can cause physiological problems, and even lead to death, especially for vulnerable groups such as infants and toddlers. Indonesias Basic Health Research notes that 31.4% of infant deaths and 25.2% of Indonesian under-five deaths are caused by digestive disorders that can cause severe dehydration, namely diarrhea. Moreover, the management of diarrhea in Indonesia is still low. At present, simple detection of dehydration is done with a skin turgor test. However, this test can only detect relatively severe dehydration, which may introduce delay in handling dehydration. Another more accurate method is the plasma osmolality test, which is invasive, carried out by experts in the laboratory, and the results cannot be obtained in real time. Therefore, we need a non-invasive device that can monitor fluid levels in the babys body in real time, determine the percentage and degree of dehydration, and can provide education on handling dehydration in infants. In this paper we describe the development of NIXIE, a device that can non-invasively detect infant-s dehydration level. The device works by using sensors to measure temperature, heart rate, and bioelectric impedance. The three sensor readings are integrated in the formula so that the percentage of dehydration is obtained. This percentage will determine the degree of dehydration. Based on the degree of dehydration, appropriate dehydration treatment can be done. Initial testing to fasting adults has indicated a positive relationship between sensor measurements and degree of dehydration.

Keywords
dehydration, infants, bioelectrical impedance, temperature, heart rate

Topic
Biomedical, Robotic and ICT engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/BwX2M7yfQRC4

Corresponding Author
Wibowo Budi Prasetyo

Institutions
1. Undergraduate Program Medical Doctor, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia.
2. Physiology Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia.
3. Physiology Molecular Laboratory, Biological Activity Division, Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia.
4. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia.

Abstract
Exercise-induced hearth muscle adaptation for under stress conditions, known as Mitochondria Quality Control. Each stage of Mitochondria quality control, has a coactivator as a trigger for the process. Where it starts from biogenesis with PGC-1α , After that, it will enter the fusion-fission cycle stage which are mediated by Mfn1 and Mfn2 for fusion in the outer membrane and Opa1 for fusion in the inner membrane. After fusion, fission occurs in the old and unhealthy parts mediated by Drp1. Finally, the old and unhealthy mitochondrial section occurs mitophagy mediated by PINK-PARKIN signaling pathway. The aim of this study was to determine the difference effect of PGC-1α, Mfn1, Mfn2, Opa1, Drp1, PINK, and Parkin expression in aerobic physical activity for Mitochondria Quality Control in cardiac muscle. This is limited because only rats are used. 12 male wistar rats were assigned to 2 groups: sedentary control and Aerobic-intensity (AE, 15m/minute). Training was conducted 30 minutes/day with a 5 times/week interval for 8 weeks. On the last day, control and exercise groups were taken blood serum from the retro-orbital sinus for culture of H9C2 Cell line, and extract RNA and protein. The expression of the PGC-1α, Mfn1, Mfn2, Opa1, Drp1, PINK, and Parkin gene in cardiac muscles was then amplified using reversed PCR and detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. This study concludes that different effect of PGC-1α, Mfn1, Mfn2, Opa1, Drp1, PINK, and Parkin gene expression level were increased level affected by aerobic physical activity in cardiac muscle.

Keywords
Aerobic Exercise, Mitochondrial Quality Control, H9C2 Cell Line PGC-1α, Mfn1, Mfn2, Opa1, Drp1, PINK1, Parkin

Topic
Biomarker, Drug Design, Delivery and Teragnostic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Xztm4cTvHnbZ

Corresponding Author
HENDRIKUS MASANG BAN BOLLY

Institutions
1Doctoral Program in Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung Indonesia
2Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran-Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung Indonesia
3Lecture in Faculty of Medicine, Cenderawasih University, Paua, Indonesia
4Neurosurgery Division, Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine Riau University, Riau Indonesia
5Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran- Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung Indonesia

Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dura mater is a special tissue that has a critical function in brain anatomy and physiology. This tissue contained some numerous cells, stem cells, and growth factors. This research investigate the protein interaction that contribute to dura mater healing process. METHOD To identify and predict in silico of functional protein interaction in dura mater healing process, we use available analysis software to perform the protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis (http://gpsprot.org/index.php). GPS Protein is an interactive platform for visualizing human protein interaction by integrating HIPPIE and CORUM databases. We excluded HIV-1 proteomic and RNAi databases, hence focused on human PPI (Confidence level 0.75). Two proteins were inputted as query to identify the potential protein network in dural healing according to previous studies, i.e fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) and transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFB1). RESULTS In previous study used dura mater cells culture found the role fibroblast in dura mater healing process, FGF-2 and TGFB as the promoters of dural closure. PPI results showed the more important role of TGFB1 with more interactions of TGFB1 to some remodeling proteins (COL, ITG, MMP etc). TGFB1 encoded regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, growth, modulate expression and activation of other growth factors, also induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell migration in various cell types. CONCLUSION This bioinformatics approach is an efficient and cheaper method for analyzed the molecular aspect of protein that have a special contribution in dura mater healing process. This results could help to focused the further research in more complex laboratory examinations.

Keywords
Duramater, TGFB1, healing, protein interaction

Topic
Cellular, Tissue and Genetic Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/kZRn9PpgLXfB

Corresponding Author
Akhmad Dyma Habib Syababa

Institutions
a) Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
*akhmadyma[at]students.itb.ac.id
b) Department of Engineering Physics, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
c) Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Swiss German University, The Prominence Tower, Jalan Jalur Sutera Barat 15, Tangerang Selatan 15143, Indonesia

Abstract
In the past few years, various studies on the diagnostic medical field have been conducted which have resulted in the development of wearable devices for biomedical applications. It was concluded that POCT platform should be low-cost, easy to use, and portable. Fabric is an interesting platform for point of care testing because it has inexpensive material and enough scalability and specification. In this project, wicking and passive mixing properties in fabric-based flexible microfluidic system were investigated. The fabrication was done with a low-cost method using batik wax patterning method to divide the hydrophilic and hydrophobic area. A mixture of samples with food coloring was dropped on the hydrophilic area using pipetting method. Wicking and passive mixing then analyzed by observing the critical zones around the junction channel. The hydrophilic channels wick the analyte across the chamber region by natural capillary action, allowing the color to change in shades upon reaction. The initial proof of concept was done by using food coloring experiment and the analysis was indicated by color changes of the area. Analyses were carried out using PC-connected digital microscope and computer-aided image software analysis ImageJ to observe geometric dimensions and measure changes in color intensity level so that the wicking and mixing properties such as sample capacity, flow rate, and the other mixing effectiveness parameters can be found. The results of this study can be utilized for future improvement of low-cost and flexible microfluidic device for POCT application in developing countries.

Keywords
Microfluidic, Fabric-based material

Topic
Biomaterials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/VZuGk4gwRrAF

Corresponding Author
Narendra Kurnia Putra

Institutions
1 Medical Instrumentation Laboratory, Instrumentation and Control Research Group, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung
Gd. T.P. Rachmat (Labtek VI), ITB Ganesa Campus, Jl. Ganesa no 10, Bandung, Indonesia.

2 Ergonomic Laboratory, Human and Industrial Product Design Research Group, Faculty of Art and Design, Institut Teknologi Bandung
CADL Building, ITB Ganesa Campus, Jl. Ganesa no 10, Bandung, Indonesia.

Abstract
Floating backpack system or also known as suspended-load backpack has been known as a new type of backpack which able to reduce the effect of impact force from the loads carried in the backpack while walking or running. Particularly on the application for military or rescue team, this new backpack design claimed to improve the comfort and reduce the burden on the skeletal muscle as well as the risk of injury. In this research, we try to assess the biomechanics performance of our novel floating backpack design on reducing the impact force on the wearer by firstly analyzing the human gait cycle and posture adjustment. This analysis conducted by motion analysis method which able to track the change of position of certain points while walking and running. We tracked several points on the volunteer-s lower extremity and analyze its kinematics information throughout the walk and running cycle with a different pace and velocity. From this data, we try to get the standard gait model as an mechanical input force for the floating backpack system. Furthermore, with this 3D analysis we can also analyze the posture adjustment as the balancing mechanism of human body to compensate the different forces from the different state of walking-running cycle. A sinusoidal pattern with a frequency of 2-3 Hz are measured on the transition phase of walking and running, while the maximum amplitude was vary on throughout each cycle phase.

Keywords
Floating Backpack, Kinematics, Biomechanics, Motion Analysis

Topic
Biomedical, Robotic and ICT engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/MqwPVEYa2X8D

Corresponding Author
Rio Aditya

Institutions
UNPAD

Abstract
Introduction In meniscal extrusion (ME), the meniscus cannot play its biomechanical role in load distribution and force absorption by dispersing tibiofemoral axial load. Significant ME will increase contact forces that contribute to the advancement of knee osteoarthritis. Arthroscopic direct meniscal extrusion reduction (ADMER) to reduce persistent ME in posterior root medial meniscus (PRMM) repair has been recommended and showed a promising outcome.The aim of this study was to compare the biomechanical properties of conventional PRMM repair with PRMM repair + ADMER technique. Materials & Methods A total of eighteen (18) porcine tibia with attached intact medial meniscus were used and the specimens were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups (n = 6 each). The groups included: Control group (C) with healthy medial meniscus, conventional PRMM repair (P) group, and PRMM repair with ADMER technique (AD) group. All specimens underwent testing for static pull-out strength with a servo-hydraulic material testing machine. A maximum pullout-load was applied to the PMMR until failure. Means and standard deviations of pullout strength were compared Results Mean pull-out strength was 1047.19 N (±64.4) for C group, 256.41 N (±54.26) for P group and 367.48 N (±40.5) for AD group. (Table 1) Maximum pull-out strength for PRMM + ADMER was significantly higher compared to P group (p-value 0.006). Conclusion PRMM Repair combined with ADMER technique had biomechanical properties of higher superior pullout strength compared to conventional PRMM repair and lower elastic modulus. However, we did not test its biomechanical properties under cyclic loading and both techniques did not reach the strength of the native healthy medial meniscus.

Keywords
biomechanical study, meniscus repair, meniscus root, meniscus tear

Topic
Orthopaedic Bioengineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/r7KaqvbJpgmV

Corresponding Author
Daniar Amarassaphira

Institutions
a) Undergraduate Program Medical Doctor, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia.
b) Physiology Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia.
c) Physiology Molecular Laboratory, Biological Activity Division, Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia.
d) Departement of Dermatology and Venerology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40161, Indonesia.
e) Departement of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40161, Indonesia.
f) Departement of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40161, Indonesia.
g) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia.

Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most aggressive types of cancer. Showing a remarkable surge in the last 50 years, melanoma has been projected to be continuously rising in the future. Therapy for advanced type melanoma still becomes a challenge due to low response rate and survival in 10 years. Interestingly, connected with the survival, several epidemiological and preclinical studies had reported that vitamin D deficiency had an association with the progression in several cancer types. Feldman et al 2014 had reported, both in vivo and in vitro studies revealed antiproliferative, antiangiogenic, apoptosis, and differentiation induction effects of calcitriol in various types of cancers. Unfortunately, the study about the calcitriol (1,25(OH)2D3) effects toward melanoma is still limited and its mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, by utilizing B16-F10 melanoma cell line, we elaborate calcitriol antiproliferative effect using MTS Assay in a dose-dependent manner for 24 hours and potential calcitriol-induced apoptosis signaling pathway using Western Blot. We had observed that calcitriol may inhibit melanoma cell proliferation in IC50 of 93.8 ppm lead to the induction of apoptosis-related proteins such as caspase-3, caspase-9, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP), mTOR, and HIF1α. These calcitriol-s effects reflect its potential capability as potent adjuvant therapy for melanoma. Taken together, calcitriol inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell death in B16-F10 cell. Thus, showed its potential to be adjuvant therapy for treating melanoma.

Keywords
calcitriol, caspase-3, caspase-9, PARP, mTOR, HIF1α, B16-F10 cell.

Topic
Cellular, Tissue and Genetic Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/yvqBZYHg2pkQ

Corresponding Author
Fifi Veronica

Institutions
1Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjajaran, Bandung
2School of Life Sciences and Technology, Bandung Institue of Technology
3Engineering Physics Department, Bandung Institue of Technology
4 Undergraduate Student, Bandung Islamic University

Abstract
Background Terminology working memory often used to describe the whole process of structure in memory, including executive function, which all information retains and uses in temporary period. Electroencephalography (EEG) is one of the tools in neuroscience research to investigate neuronal process in different condition, as well as working memory process. Results in this study hopefully provide baseline data for another neurofeedback research in cognitive process. Material & Methods Using the Muse, a portable low cost and wireless four-channel EEG headband, we record 27 students at 4th grade elementary school in Jatinangor. The brain waves δ and β bands are record while they get memory span task. The student will record in base 1, read 1, interphase1, recall 1, base 2, read 2 , interphase2, recall 2. Results and Discussion In this study, we report sex related changes δ and β trends bands in EEG power as peak frequency for both frontal and temporoparietal sites, in several condition task in working memory process. In female students increasing trends for δ and β in recalling process higher than male students. We discuss our finding probability sex related chages their attentional and emotional in working memory process.

Keywords
Working memory, alpha & beta frequency, Muse EEG

Topic
Biomedical, Robotic and ICT engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/nCzt3xfp49Rr

Corresponding Author
Farkhad Hariadi

Institutions
School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jln. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia

Abstract
Abstract - Device Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is an imagery tool that produces cross-sectional imagery of a distribution object based on its conductivity or resistivity. Conductivity can be obtained by using electric voltage distribution data. In order for the electric voltage distribution data to be obtained, a current source with a stable value and a frequency determined to flow through the electrode circuit. The current source used on this device will produce a current value of 1mA with a frequency of 50kHz. This series of current sources is designed by using the Digital to Analog Converter (DAC) feature of the microcontroller system as an input signal generator which is then converted into a current source in the Voltage Control Current Source (VCCS) circuit. The generated current will be injected into a series of electrodes composed of 32 metal plates arranged in a circle in a container. The metal used must have good conductivity so that it can flow the current well.

Keywords
EIT, DAC, VCCS, Microcontroller system, electrode circuit

Topic
Biomedical, Robotic and ICT engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/DFu47gV6H2zW

Corresponding Author
Ferryanto Ferryanto

Institutions
a) Mechanical Design Research Group
b) Lightweight Structure Research Group

Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Institut Teknologi Bandung
Jalan Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, INDONESIA

*Corresponding author email: aim[at]ftmd.itb.ac.id

Abstract
Bone fractures due to accidents are very common occurrences and could cause permanent disability if not treated properly. An external fixation device may be used to keep fractured bones stabilized and in alignment. The device could be adjusted externally to ensure the bones remain in an optimal position during the healing process. Recently, alternative designs based on Stewart Platform, the Taylor Spatial Frame (TSF), have been developed with objective to correct complex fractures or bone pathologies. However, the TSF is rarely available in Indonesia and not affordable by most hospitals. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to develop an affordable External Bone Fixator TSF. In the design process, a set of Design Requirement and Objective (DR&O) was formulated. The concept design was developed based on the DR&O and finalized to detail design. Static analysis using ANSYS was employed to ensure the strength of TSF. Then, the TSF was manufactured by using material AA7075 T6 and SS304. To assess the functionality of TSF, the kinematics assessment was conducted. Bone deformation parameters were measured in the anteroposterior, lateral, and axial view. The parameters are then used as input in the previously developed software, to obtain the length of each strut to position the fractured bone. The length of strut was used to shift the TSF until the fracture bone was completely joined. The relative displacement was measured to obtain the error which is 1 – 3 mm. Therefore, it could be concluded that the TSF has been successfully developed.

Keywords
Bone Fracture, Mechanical Design, Taylor Spatial Frame, External Fixation

Topic
Biomedical, Robotic and ICT engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/AqP9dLhEJ4g3

Corresponding Author
Hazna Hanifa

Institutions
[1]. Electrical Eng. Dept., Institut Teknologi Nasional Bandung
[2]. Indonesian Biomedical Engineering Society (IBES), Bandung, Indonesia
[3]. Biomedical Engineering Dept., Institut Teknologi Bandung

Abstract
According to World Health Organization, vaccines helps the body-s immune system to recognize and fight pathogens like viruses or bacteria, which then keeps us safe from the diseases. About 20 million worldwide do not have vaccination, thus putting them at risk of serious diseases. In 2018, Indonesia faced a problem of fake vaccines distribution that caused community worry. To contribute in solving these issues, we need a device which could detect fake vaccines and the condition of vaccines, i.e. whether it is still in good condition. One of the potential methods is by observing the spectrum properties of the vaccine. SCiO Spectrometer works in wavelength range between 740-1070 nm and the object-s wavelength characteristics will be detected by photodiode as the sensor. By scanning the samples with SCiO device, the results will be delivered to the smart phone by Bluetooth connection. We measured six varieties of real vaccine with two condition and four types of fake vaccine, each with its own characteristics. The results concern on the different value of the light absorbance on every sample condition. Vaccines with stale condition have a bigger point of absorbance rather than the good one, the number is variety from 0.2–0.5 absorbance level. While the fake vaccines resulting below than 0.2 point absorbance level. Moreover, the shape of the wavelength also showed different patterns between the two kinds of objects. Using the regression SPSS software package parameters, a new simple microcontroller-based near-infrared spectrometer will be developed.

Keywords
Bluetooth, NIR Spectrometer, Smartphone, Vaccine, Wavelength, SPSS.

Topic
Biomedical, Robotic and ICT engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/xjGJXZaDYAz8

Corresponding Author
Farkhad Hariadi

Institutions
School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jln. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132
e-mail: hariadi[at]stei.itb.ac.id

Abstract
With the change of lifestyle, there is significant reduction of physical activity within society. It is imperative to encourage people to do more outdoor physical exercises with monitored pace. Fitness tracker devices available in the market are relatively still expensive. In this research work, a wearable instrumentation system capable of monitoring physical activities such as walking or running is developed. The instrument is equipped by a number of sensors, including body-temperature sensor, heart-rate sensor, accelerometer and gyro, and elevation sensor. The heart rate sensor provides the vital data related to the level of exercise being performed. The data from these sensors are processed by a battery operated microcontroller. The data from each sensor can be uploaded into a cloud computing platform, so that the user can evaluate the progress of his or her fitness

Keywords
fitness monitoring, accelerometer, heart rate sensor, elevation sensor, cloud computing

Topic
Biomedical, Robotic and ICT engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/J2gjLkrwNead

Corresponding Author
Muhammad Luthfi Naufal

Institutions
[1]. Department of Computer Science Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung
[2]. Indonesian Biomedical Engineering Society (IBES)
[3]. Department of Electrical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Nasional (ITENAS) Bandung
[4]. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.

Abstract
Background: Indonesia is a disaster prone country, such as: earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, floods, landslides, and man-made forest fires. After typical disaster, emergency medical services are needed, but a number of challenges should be overcome. Meanwhile, unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) have been available in the country to help overcoming these challenges and enhancing the medical services in need. Purpose: The research has the following objectives: To review the technical specifications and capabilities of different types of drones currently available in the market. To enhance and newly develop derived disaster applications, especially drones with camera. To design and develop new disaster applications for enhancing emergency medical services. Method: To carefully review the technical specifications of the existing drones suitable for disaster applications and emergency medical services. To design and develop drone applications for enhancing emergency medical services, particularly related to do preliminary aerial survey and transmitting the acquired images to the medical team, as well as to significantly enhance specific emergency medical services after disasters. Results: Based on our experience in working with currently available drones, we are pretty sure that the preliminary aerial survey mission could be achieved. More specific drone applications for carrying important emergency medical logistics will need further design steps and field experiments. Conclusions: Encouraging results on the drone applications for enhancing the emergency medical services during & after disasters are very much expected. When the maximum payload is below 1 kg, important emergency medical logistics such as medicines, vaccines and blood packs could also be achieved.

Keywords
drone, uav, emergency, paramedics, medical logistics, disaster

Topic
Biomedical, Robotic and ICT engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/M6tfBAbd9zrg

Corresponding Author
Lavita Rizalputri

Institutions
a) Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Institut Teknologi Bandung,
*marvelsugi97[at]gmail.com
Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
b) Department of Engineering Physics, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung,
Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
c) Research Center of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung,
Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia

Abstract
Microfluidic is a technology capable of manufacturing and miniaturize a device with a chamber inside, hence, fluids can go through. Concept of microfluidic brought an integrated system in a micro size platform that can operates as well as conventional laboratory. In this project, microfluidic was used as a platform for a sample to react with electrodes placed inside the microfluidic. Our work is interesting as our platform can be cleaned and reuse again. Microfluidic was made by using PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane) and its curing agent. The container for microfluidic resin was made by using acrylic that has been laser cut. The chamber (master mold) for microfluidic was designed from polyimide tape and then being cut by using cutting sticker machine. Microfluidic platform composed of two sides which held together by magnets placed around it. The fluidic test was conducted by injecting liquids through the inlet using micropipette. During the process, we observed whether there is any leakage in the microfluidic. Microfluidic can be cleaned by opening its layer and wipe it out using distilled water and ethanol. To find out whether microfluidic does not affect the electrochemical measurements of the electrodes, a comparison of cyclic voltammetry (CV) results when using and not using microfluidic was being done. It was found that the changes that occurred were not noticeable. In addition, stability tests and the effect of scan-rate changes on the CV curves are also performed to prove that the electrodes and microfluidics can be an intact platform for measurement.

Keywords
microfluidic, miniaturize, PDMS, reusable, Lab on Chip, biosensor platform

Topic
Biomedical, Robotic and ICT engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/kp8yamTeEYCn

Corresponding Author
pradita maulia

Institutions
(a) School of Life Sciences and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology
Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
1 pradita.maulia[at]students.itb.ac.id
3 marsel[at]sith.itb.ac.id
(b) School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Bandung Institute of Technology
Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
2 kevin18.liem[at]gmail.com
4 utama[at]informatika.org

Abstract
Karyotype is a complete image of chromosomes which arranged according to the length, number, shape, and banded of an individual cells chromosomes. Generally, the karyotype is performed by taking the chromosome image at metaphase, cutting out, and identifying each chromosome image based on G-banded manually. This process consumes a lot of time, energy, and inconsistency result. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an application which helps the karyotyping process automatically or at least semi-automatically. In this experiment, we proposed a semi-automatic karyotyping process by utilizing image processing techniques of normal human karyotype. The development of semiautomatic application prototype includes three steps, they were preprocessed of chromosome image, feature extraction of chromosome image, and utilized tools to facilitate the users. The methods which used in preprocessed of chromosome image are gamma enhancement, bilateral filtering, adaptive thresholding, and flood-fill algorithms. The feature extraction of chromosome image is used to extract the morphological features, which will measure the chromosome based on length and pair of chromosomes using skeletonize method. Functionality tools join and cut for users to modify the results of segmentation chromosome image has been successfully created. Based on the analytical result, it can be concluded that the proposed method can provide a relatively good representation of the chromosomes to assist the further chromosome analysis process.

Keywords
Chromosome; Karyotyping; Image processing; Semiautomatic application

Topic
Biomedical, Robotic and ICT engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/rjnYJNekyt7h

Corresponding Author
Zahran Lazuardi Haryawan

Institutions
1. Physiology Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia.
2. Physiology Molecular Laboratory, Biological Activity Division, Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia.
3. Undergraduate Program Medical Doctor, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia.
4. Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia.
5. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia.

Abstract
Background: Skin aging happens due to the regression of proliferation and architecture of the skin tissue. Isoflavone contained in soy has shown its effect to alter the progression of skin aging, while probiotics have an ability to boost the absorption of nutrient and also have its own ability to maintain the skin tissue. There is limited information about the effect of fermented cow milk and soy milk towards the protein level of epidermal growth factor—which is the important substance in the skin construction—and the morphology of the skin tissue itself. Aims: Measuring the effect of consumption of different formulation of fermented soymilk and cow milk on EGF protein levels and properties of skin histology in rat. Methods: This research is conducted by quantitative analytical methods using animal experiment. The rat was given fermented soymilk and cow milk with four different formulas. Skin samples are taken to undergo Western Blot procedure to determine protein level of EGF and skin histology analysis to compare epidermal thickness. Results: This study shows that formulation of milk fermented by Bifidobacterium bifidum has the best potential to enhance the protein level of Epidermal Growth Factor, while the addition of soy enhance the ability of fermented milk to raise the protein level of EGF. The result is also supported by the difference in epidermal thickness shown in skin histology samples and stool appearances. Conclusions: Milk fermented by Bifidobacterium bifidum has the greatest ability to maintain the regeneration of skin tissue and prevent the skin aging process. Compared to conventional fermented milk, the composition of soymilk would enhance this positive effect of fermented milk to the skin.

Keywords
soymilk, yoghurt, soy, skin, physiology, EGF, aging

Topic
Regenerative Medicine Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/vdc4ht9UgYCf

Corresponding Author
Mauiza Arkan Mahendra

Institutions
1Physiology Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia.
2Physiology Molecular Laboratory, Biological Activity Division, Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia.
3Undergraduate Program Medical Doctor, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia.
4Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia.
5Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia.

Abstract
Aging leads to the progression of degenerative diseases. Degenerative disease is not curable in some extent but mostly preventable. Nutmeg has shown its effect to prevent sarcopenia-one of degenerative disease-by altering the process of autophagy thus increasing muscle mass. However, there is limited information about the effect of nutmeg on the process of autophagy in the brain especially cerebrum. Measuring the effect of nutmeg consumption on p62 and LC3 expression-which is the important biomarker of autophagy-in cerebrum is the objective of this research. This research is conducted by quantitative analytical methods using animal experiment. The rat was given nutmeg extract per oral. RNA are extracted from cerebrum samples to undergo PCR and Electrophoresis procedure to determine the level of p62 and LC3 gene expression in regards to the process of autophagy.

Keywords
Aging, degenerative disease, nutmeg, autophagy, cerebrum, p62, LC3.

Topic
Biomedical, Robotic and ICT engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Jd9BQpKzPjNM

Corresponding Author
Gusti Muhammad Sena Arimadhyaksa

Institutions
Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Abstract
Neurodegenerative disease, such as alzheimer, demensia, and parkinson, is a non communicable disease where the central nervous system including its cells stopped working in an individual. The prevalence of neurodegenerative disease has been continued to increase in number every year throughout the world. In Indonesia, the society believed many plants can act as a herbal medicine, which one of those are nutmeg, a seed which often used by elder people. Previous study showed nutmeg can increase the activity of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors γ (PPAR-γ) which might increase synaptic plasticity.In this study, we would like to explore the potential of nutmeg in maintaining synaptic plasticity in synaptic vesicles. Rats aged 10-11 weeks old were divided into two groups, the nutmeg and the control. Treatment were given to the rats by gavaging nutmeg extract daily for 12 weeks. When treatment was done, rats were anesthetized in order to take part of their cerebral cortex from the brain and stored in frozen storage at -80º C. Our present study showed nutmeg extract increased the activity of synaptic plasticity in a significant manner through the expression of synapsin, synaptophysin, and BDNF gene. Nutmeg extract acted as a ligand that activates PGC1-α, stimulates transmission in vesicles, and opens transmitter doors swiftly. This research may proves the potential of nutmeg extract as a supplement to prevent neurodegenerative disease in elderly people.

Keywords
Neurodegenerative disease, nutmeg, PPAR-γ.

Topic
Biomedical, Robotic and ICT engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/nKxV6tAzjQyw

Corresponding Author
Bela Ita Karina

Institutions
Padjadjaran University

Abstract
Exercise is one of dementia-s modifiable factors. Exercise could delay neurodegeneration process by increase Klotho, endogen antioxidant and known as anti-aging gene in human. Klotho in hippocampus have certain function such as neuroprotective against oxidative damage induced by β amyloid and glutamate , regulate hippocampal synaptic plasticity, and enhance GluN2B concentration. However, there-s no study about optimal duration of exercise to enhance Klotho and GluN2B expression in hippocampus. This study conducted to compare acute and chronic exercise effect on hippocampal klotho and GluN2B in Rat This study aims to analyse the effect of acute and chronic treadmill exercise on Klotho and GluN2B gene expression in rat-s hippocampus. This study was done using semi-quantitative and animal experimental study. This study used 36 wistar rat from Biofarma were divided into 4 group, 2 control group (acute control and chronic control) and 2 exercise group (Acute and chronic). All group received moderate intensity(20m/min) in 30min/day for 5x/week. After treatment was given, rats were terminated under anaesthesia, hippocampus was extracted from brain, and expression of klotho and GluN2B were studied using PCR and Electrophoresis. Gel band of each gene was visualized using BioDocAnalyze and band thickness quantified using ImageJ. Statistical analysis were done using IBM SPSS version 20.0 software. Data were served as means ± standard error of means. Data were statistically analyzed with Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) followed by Post Hoc comparison using Tukey and Dunett. P-Values ˂ 0.05 were considered to be significant.

Keywords
Klotho, GluN2B, exercise, duration

Topic
Biomarker, Drug Design, Delivery and Teragnostic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/AWJxTh3YemUN

Corresponding Author
Wahyu Setia Widodo

Institutions
1Faculty of Pharmacy, Andalas University, Padang, West Sumatera
2Biomolecular and Biomedical Research Centre, Aretha Medika Utama, Bandung, Jl Babakan Jeruk 2 no 9, Bandung 40163, West Java, Indonesia
3UPT Sel Punca, Kimia Farma
4Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Jl. Surya Sumantri no 65 Bandung 40164, West Java, Indonesia

Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease caused by loss of articular cartilage and cartilage degeneration. Surgery is often done when symptoms cannot be controlled and the disease is getting worse, yet this operation does not guarantee the disappearance of the disease. Synovial Membrane Mesenchymal Stem Cells (SM-MSCs) enables the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) because of their high regeneration ability, have the ability to differentiate into chondrocyte derivatives, and have been known to have high potential for articular cartilage repair technology. This research was conducted to optimize seeding density of MSCs on MSCs population doubling time using 3D Mini Tide Bioreactor. SM-MSC was cultured temporarily in flask culture and placed in a 2D rocker for optimization of seeding density (30.000cells/carrier and 50.000cells/carrier) in 3D culture with fed system. Macro-carrier used is BioNOCII which is made from 100% PET material (thermostat polymer). Morphological of MSCs attachment in BioNOCII macro-carrier were stained using acridine orange staining kit and visualized using inverted microscope. The results showed that SMMSCs cells could be isolated from SM tissues using explant methods in xeno-free medium. The isolated SM-MSCs showed high expression of CD90, CD44, CD105, CD73 (>99%) and did not express any negative markers of MSCs. Isolated cells have high proliferation ability in 2D culture with a PDT value of ± 1.5 days. Cells that have been isolated have the ability to differentiate into adipocyte, chondrocyte, and osteocyte cells. Percent attachment of MSCs on macro-carrier were >90%. The lowest population doubling time of MSCs on macro-carrier is approximately 2.8 days in the 50.000 cells/carrier seeding density.

Keywords
SM-MSCs, 3D Culture, Population Doubling Time.

Topic
Stem cell and induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC)

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/6dLMAQjwC39y

Corresponding Author
Untari Novia Wisesty

Institutions
Institut Teknologi Bandung
Bandung Indonesia
*untarinw[at]telkomuniversity.ac.id

Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common diseases suffered, especially by women, in the world, and about 2 billion new cases of patients with breast cancer in 2018. Therefore, it is very important to detect cancer early. Early detection of cancer can be done through the analysis of DNA abnormalities from blood cell samples, where the sampling does not require surgery, non-invasive and painless, and can reduce the sampling cost. DNA abnormalities can occur due to heredity or mutase gene. This mutase gene causes uncontrolled cell division. There are several types of gene mutations that can occur, namely point mutation and base-pair insertion and deletion mutation. Point mutation is the occurrence of changes in one or several specific genes that do not change the length of DNA, while the base-pair mutation is the addition or deletion of several genes so that the length of the DNA becomes different. From several studies that have been conducted in the medical field there are mutations in the BRCA1, BRCA2, and PALB2 genes, where mutations in these genes can cause an increased risk of breast cancer. Other mutase genes associated with cancer risk are ATM, BARD1, CDH1, CHEK2, MRE11A, NBN, TP53, PALB2, PTEN, RAD50, RECQL, RINT1. In this paper a literature review is conducted on the methods used in bioinformatics to detect mutase genes including Fourier Transform, Discrete Wavelet Transform, Support Vector Machine, Bayesian, Decision Tree Regression Model, Neural Network, Stack Autoencoder, Deep Boltzmann Machine and Tumor Covariate Signature Model.

Keywords
Breast Cancer, Gene Mutation, Mutation Detection, Pattern Recognition.

Topic
Cellular, Tissue and Genetic Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/JmtyF6h3vUnB

Corresponding Author
Yoan Putrasos Arif

Institutions
Orthopaedics and Traumatology Department
Hasan Sadikin Hospital
Faculty of Medicine
Universitas Padjadjaran

Abstract
Background Fractures are among the most frequent type of injuries in patients exposed to traumatic injury. There is increasing evidence that exposure to electromagnetic radiation can affect human health. Electromagnetic radiation stimulation is known to affect biological activity on related to fracture healing. Low-frequency electromagnetic radiation exposure has been utilized widely for supporting therapy to enhance fracture healing. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of exposure to electromagnetic radiation at a frequency of 2600 MHz (the frequency of fourth-generation cellular phones) on the healing of femur fractures in rats treated with ORIF K-wire. Methods. The study was carried out with 22 mature male Wistar rats. Femur osteotomy and fixation with open intramedullary wire were performed on all rats. The rats were preoperatively divided into two groups using simple random sampling, –a control group and an experimental group. Only the experimental group was exposed to electromagnetic radiation at a frequency of 2600 MHz for 30 minutes daily, five days per week for 2 weeks. Histopathological tests were conducted 2 weeks after the operation. Result. The Mann Whitney test score showed fracture healing was statistically significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (p<0.05, 3.55±0.69- and 5.91±0.83, respectively). Discussions. The thermal and non-thermal effects of electromagnetic radiation exposure have been shown to promote the proliferation phase of fracture healing due to radiation hormesis. Conclusions. High-frequency electromagnetic radiation exposure at 2600 MHz enhances the proliferation phase of the femur fracture healing process.

Keywords
Electromagnetic radiation, 4th generation cellular phone frequency, ORIF K-wire, proliferation phase

Topic
Orthopaedic Bioengineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/cgXzHK6peCBV

Corresponding Author
Meutia Fakhriah Basuki

Institutions
Fakultas Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Abstract
Seiring dengan pertumbuhan industri kecil menengah (IKM) yang pesat, hal ini berbandingan lurus dengan dampak yang ditimbulkan terhadap lingkungan dan lingkungan kerja tersebut. Industri batik termasuk salah satu IKM yang menjadi unggulan di beberapa daerah Indonesia, seperti Cirebon dan Yogyakarta. Dampak yang ditimbulkan pada lingkungan berasal dari bahan produksi batik yang dapat mencemari udara ambien dan udara di lingkungan kerja. Sebagian besar industri batik di Cirebon dan Yogyakarta beroperasi dalam skala home industry, yang tidak memiliki pengolahan limbah udara. Dampak yang ditimbulkan tidak hanya emisi namun juga pada pekerja yang terinhalasi udara tersebut. Pada salah satu Industri Batik di Cirebon ditemukan partikulat dan gas hidrokarbon BTEX dan PM 2,5 dan logam berat pada partikulat di dalam ruang kerja pengrajin batik. Pengukuran udara di ruang kerja pengrajin batik digunakan Low Volume Sampler dengan flow 2,5 L/min. Dari hasil pengukuran dapat diidentifikasi kandungan PM 2,5 di ruang kerja pengrajin batik pada kisaran 3,53 – 109,14 μg/m3. Terdapat pula kandungan toluene pada kisaran sebesar 0,259 – 0,288 mg/m3 dan 0,123 – 0,128 mg/m3 xilen. Logam berat yang terkandung dalam partikulat antara lain Al, Zn, dan Fe. Dari hasil tersebut ditemukan konsentrasi PM 2,5 yang melebihi ambang batas standar WHO yaitu 25 μg/m3. Maka untuk mengurangi dampak dari limbah udara di lingkungan kerja diperlukan sistem pembuangan lokal di Industri Batik yang termasuk dalam pendekatan produksi bersih.

Keywords
pencemaran udara, BTEX, produksi bersih, batik, exhaust-ventilation

Topic
Biomarker, Drug Design, Delivery and Teragnostic

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/h4TaHdCuJ2pv

Corresponding Author
Farkhad Hariadi

Institutions
School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jln. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia . e-mail : hariadi[at]stei.itb.ac.id

Abstract
Abstract - Electrical Impendance Tomography is a method of reconstructing image pieces of an object by utilizing the objects conductivity feature. Image reconstruction is the last module of data processing on EIT after data stimulation and acquisition. At this stage used software MATLAB 2013a equipped with EIDORS v3.8 as the main tool. The main algorithm used is Forward Solver to convert the conductivity distribution value into boundary voltage and Inverse Solver which converts the boundary voltage value into conductivity distribution. In this module is used Finite Element Model as a mapping method on the observed spatial domain. Overall, the algorithm used refers to the Gauss-Newton Mathematical Minimization Algorithm algorithm coupled with NewtonRaphson Iteration to update the conductivity. The process will end when the difference between the FS yield voltage and the measuring voltage is below a tolerance value. In addition to image reconstruction,this module also comes with PC UART communication with FPGA using MATLAB and simulation on EIDORS. The additional feature of this module is to perform image reconstruction with 16 and 32 electrodes with manual inter-object separation with hyperparameters manually

Keywords
EIT, EIDORS, Forward Solver, Inverse Solver, Image Reconstruction

Topic
Biomedical, Robotic and ICT engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/8KaBGw6AgT9M

Corresponding Author
Ratih Rinendyaputri

Institutions
1. Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University, West Java, Indonesia
2. Center For Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia
Email : ratihr79[at]yahoo.com

Abstract
Feeder cells are inactivated cells that can not proliferate but have capability to produce growth factors and extracellular matrix for attachment and development of the cell culture. Feeder cells are widely used to support pluripotent stem cell (PSC) cultures which is predicted as one of the future cell therapy. One of the type of PSC is embryonic stem cells. Some of the feeder type which already used in stem cells propagation are mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF), rat embryonic fibroblast (REF), cumulus cells and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Research using feeder cells can be utilized to analyze various growth factors secreted by this cells that can lead to development of synthetic production of these substances. This paper will discuss REF cell culture by explant method and the inactivation process of REF to be used as feeder cells.

Keywords
feeder cells, REF, fibroblast, pluripotent stem cells, embryonic stem cells

Topic
Cellular, Tissue and Genetic Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/JZ97H8FQwdzA

Corresponding Author
Dandu Satyanuraga

Institutions
School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics,
Bandung Institute of Technology
Jl. Ganesha No.10, Lb. Siliwangi, Coblong, Bandung, Jawa Barat 40132, Indonesia

Abstract
The application of image processing to measure the weight of pigs has been widely applied to simplify the process of animal care. This method utilizes image segmentation and statistical models. Many parameters are restrictions that make it difficult to efficiently use the previous method. The research carried out wants to cut the boundaries in taking pictures and apply them to cows and sheep. The purpose of this study is to develop technology in the industry in Indonesia, especially in factory farming. This study wants to simplify the measurement of animal weight by using machine learning models and regression methods. The existence of a model that can automatically simplify the work of farmers to care for animals or facilitate traders to determine the selling price of livestock. Mask R-CNN not only detect animal labels but also can detect and mark every pixel on the detection object. Regression models produce estimates of animal weight in the figure. The regression model used is the K-Nearest Neighbor regression model by utilizing the K-Means model to create clusters in each type of animal. The R-CNN mask model tested in this study can detect cattle and sheep in data taken with 100% accuracy. The regression model used in this study can reach an accuracy value of 98% for cattle and sheep. The weight prediction results obtained are very accurate with an error value in the form of an estimated difference with the original weight of less than 10%.

Keywords
Mask R-CNN, Regression, Estimate weight, Cow, Sheep

Topic
Biomedical, Robotic and ICT engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/HZWbtJPeuULA

Corresponding Author
Lavita Rizalputri

Institutions
a) Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Institut Teknologi Bandung,
Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
*lavita.nuraviana[at]gmail.com
b) Department of Engineering Physics, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung,
Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
c) Research Center of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung,
Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia

Abstract
Glucose is one of the most important substances for medical check-up. Therefore, many studies are being done to find technology that can carry out research-level analysis and fast way to detect glucose. Making a portable sensor that can properly support the results of sample testing is a solution to this problem. Screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) is a common portable strip sensor based on electrochemical method. However, the working electrodes from carbon-based SPE must be modified with additional material to improve the performance. Many factors determine the modification such as the deposition method and the material itself. In this study, the working electrode of SPCE was modified by making a film through simple drop-casting method. From the experiment, SPCE that modified with carbon nanomaterial paste (Graphene-Polyurethane) show performance improvement for electrochemical analysis, but not enough to detect glucose. Thus SPCE was modified by cobalt metal organic framework (Co-MOF) nanomaterial to be able to detect glucose non enzymatically. It has a characteristic error measurement of 1.7% and selective to glucose when compared with urea and NaCl. This data is obtained with electrochemical testing such as cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).

Keywords
biosensor, electrochemistry, glucose, screen-printed carbon electrode

Topic
Biomedical, Robotic and ICT engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/QzXKUypFenYc

Corresponding Author
Galih Fajar Ramadhan

Institutions
Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering and Informatic, Bandung Institute of Technology
Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia

Abstract
According to International Diabetes Federation, Indonesia ranked 6th in country with highest diabetes patient in the world. Now, the measurement of blood glucose in Indonesia mostly done in invasive manner, which is expensive, painful, and impractical. Moreover, according to Indonesia-s Ministry of Health, there are more diabetes patient in rural areas, who have economic shortages and limited access to health care. So, a cheap and easy to use non-invasive blood glucose measurement system is needed to solve this problem. One of the current trends for developing non-invasive blood glucose measurement is the use of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIR). In this paper, we discuss the development of a NIR based blood glucose monitor. The device-s sensor consists of a pair of LED and photodiode which transmit and receive light with wavelength of 940 nm. The light intensity reading from the sensor will be amplified and filtered to reduce noise, then transmitted to the smartphone. In the smartphone application, the reading result will be converted to blood glucose level using a machine learning model embedded in the application. The model used in this final project is a sequential, layer-based neural network model provided by Keras. The model was built and trained on top of TensorFlow, and then converted for mobile use with the help of TensorFlow Lite. The model achieved an acceptable result with Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 5.855 mg/dL.

Keywords
diabetes; blood glucose level; NIR Spectroscopy; Machine Learning; Internet of Things

Topic
Biomedical, Robotic and ICT engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/U2VWkRPKtXx9

Corresponding Author
Maria Jessica Chorman

Institutions
Faculty of Medicine Padjadjaran University (a)
Dr. Hasan Sadikin Central General Hospital (b)

Abstract
The aim of study is to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia in ambulatory, eldery with cognitive impairment in elderly nursing home residents. 33 community-dwelling elderly aged 62-89 were participated. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria were used to define sarcopenia based on muscle mass, grip strength and muscle performance. The study population is consisted of women (93,9%), Chinese descendant (51,5%), mean age = 77,2 ± SD7.70 years, living in elderly community dwelling. Their BMI was 21,3 ±SD 5,1 Their mean muscle mass was 33,25 ± SD 4,48 kg/m2; mean gait speed was 1.0 ± SD 0.2 m/s, mean grip strength was 25.5 ± SD 8.1 kg. Overall, 39,3% of elderly in this study had sarcopenia. Age and BMI were significantly associated with sarcopenia whereas with underweigth BMI has a stronger relationship with the prevalence of sarcopenia compared with normal BMI. Cognitive impairment is greater in elderly who had sarcopenia than non-sarcopenia elderly. Gender, ethnicity, education were not significantly associated with sarcopenia. Using AWGS criteria to define sarcopenia, we found that 23,1% of older patients with mild cognitive impairment and 15,4% of older patients with moderate cognitive impairment. Keywords: elderly, nursing home, sarcopenia, cognitive impairment

Keywords
elderly, nursing home, sarcopenia, cognitive impairment

Topic
Orthopaedic Bioengineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Uf4JPX6xCNWn