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INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GREEN AGRO-INDUSTRY AND BIOECONOMY (ICGAB 2019)

Event starts on 2019.08.26 for 1 days in Malang

http://icgab.ub.ac.id | https://ifory.id/conf-abstract/7WGbcAYBh

Page 3 (data 61 to 90 of 169) | Displayed ini 30 data/page

Effect of Packaging and Storage Method on Snake Fruit (Salacca Edulis) Quality
1Satria Bhirawa Anoraga, 2Nursigit Bintoro, 2Sunarto Goenadi

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Corresponding Author
Satria Anoraga

Institutions
1Agroindustrial Program, Departement of Bioresources dan Veterinary, Vocational College, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
2Biosystem and Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Abstract
Snake Fruit (Salacca Edulis) var. Pondoh is one of potential commodities in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. It has fluctuated price in farmers level. When it cultivated in the peak season, this price getting drop because of the large of supply in the market. The farmers need a solution to prolong the fruits lifetime. Innovation in postharvest tratement is needed to maintain the product quality. Good packaging and storage method can keep the product from undesirable damage. The aim if the study was to investigate the effect of room themperature-RH treatment and packaging method on salak pondoh quality during storage. Salak pondoh were packaged in four variation: a stem of bunch, single fruit, single fruit in plastic (PP), and single fruit in vacuum plastic. All varian sample were storaged in four treaments: ambient room, humidified room, cool storage, and cooled humidified room. The quality parameters were weight loss, moisture content, brix (%), and fruits stress and strain. ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. The result showed that room storage significantly affect the moisture content and brix.

Keywords
salak, packaging, storage, quality, shelf life

Topic
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/9UJuZczDwkaj


Effect of postharvest treatments on shelf life and quality of BARI Strawberry-1
Subrina Ayrin, Rafiza Alam Ripa, Md. Golap Hossain, Shreef Mahmood*

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Corresponding Author
Shreef Mahmood

Institutions
Department of Horticulture, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh

Abstract
The experiment was conducted to study the shelf life and physicochemical changes of strawberry under different postharvest conditions. Single factor storage experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design. In the experiment, fruits of BARI Strawberry-1 were stored in eight storage conditions: T1= open condition + ambient temperature, T2= open + 1°C temperature, T3= LDPE bag + ambient temperature, T4= LDPE bag + 1°C temperature, T5= cardboard + ambient temperature, T6= cardboard + 1°C temperature, T7= punnet + ambient temperature, T8= punnet + 1°C temperature. The stored fruit was monitored over a period of 2, 4, 6 and 8 days of storage. Parameters were studied in the experiment includes: firmness, calyx and pericarp color, postharvest decay, weight loss, TSS, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid total phenolics, and changes in anthocyanins. In all cases, fruits stored at ambient temperature lost weight rapidly and within 4 DAS discoloration found in pericarp and calyx color. In contrary, fruits kept in 1°C at cardboard retained pericarp and calyx color greatly up to 8 DAS. Decay symptom occurred in the fruits stored at ambient temperature irrespective of all packaging materials. On the other hand, no decay observed at the fruits stored at 1°C. Changes in firmness, TSS, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid, total phenolics and anthocyanin in the fruits were minimal in the treatment of cardboard at 1°C than those kept in other postharvest treatments. Overall, fruits kept in 1°C showed better storage behavior and quality than ambient temperature.

Keywords
Postharvest, shelf life, quality, strawberry

Topic
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/cMThEBeaVPw4


Effect of pre-treatment on anaerobic biodegradability of Gracilaria verrucosa
S Suhartini, R Sihaloho, and I Nurika

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Corresponding Author
Sri Suhartini

Institutions
Department of Agro-industrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia

Abstract
In global world, increasing needs of energy is parallel to the increase of population. The limitation of land availability and change of land use has turning the focus into marine biomass, especially macroalgae, as renewable energy feedstocks. Indonesia is one of the biggest countries producing marine macroalgae. The aim of this research was to evaluate the impact of washing pre-treatment on the characteristics of macroalgae and it biodegradability in anaerobic digestion process. In this study, a biochemical methane potential (BMP) test was carried out using fresh macroalgae, specifically Gracilaria verrucosa. The ratio of inoculum to substrate was 6:1 with operation temperature of 37 oC and incubated for 28 days. Prior the BMP test, the G. verrucosa samples were washed with flowing water for 30 minutes. The findings confirmed for washing pre-treatment was significantly enhance cumulative biogas and methane production by more than 50%. The specific methane potential (SMP) of washed G. verrucosa increased by six-fold, with the value of 0.108 m3 CH4 / kg VS. In this case, reduction of salinity concentration after washing may play an important role in increasing the anaerobic degradability. It was estimated that a high electricity potential is generated from anaerobic digestion of G. verrucosa after washing pre-treatment.

Keywords
anaerobic digestion; washing pre-treament; Gracilaria verrucosa; biodegradability

Topic
RENEWABLE ENERGY AND BIOREFINERY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/72PaLu6dqHDN


Effects of Sonication Temperature and Time on Protein Degradation of Fish Feed Industrial Waste as Raw Material of Organic Nanofertilizer
Dwi Novanda Sari (a)*, Yusron Sugiarto (b), Susinggih Wijana(a)

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Corresponding Author
Dwi Novanda Sari

Institutions
a) Bachelor Science of Agroindustrial Technology, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
*dwinovandas[at]gmail.com
b) Department of Agricultural Engineering, Brawijaya University, MalangIndonesia

Abstract
The increasing of food demand in Indonesia affects farmers to use chemical fertilizer in order to increase agriculture productivity. However, chemical fertilizer could cause land fertility degradation when continually and inefficient use. One of solutions to overcome this problem is by using organic nanofertilizer that can be made from fish feed industrial waste which is abundant and unutilized. In addition, processed by sonication using ultrasound technology to speed up protein degradation. The aim of this study was to observe the effect of sonication temperature and time on protein degradation of fish feed industrial waste as raw materials of organic nanofertilizer. In this work, completely randomized design factorial with two factors were used. The first factor was temperature (40°C, 50°C and 60°C) and the second factor was time (45, 55 and 60 minutes). The effect was examined by protein solubility, percentage of nitrogen, phosphor, sodium and organic carbon. The best treatment was chosen, then compared with control (no treatment) based on pH, DO, BOD and particle size measurements. The result has shown that all factors and interaction between them have a significant effect on protein degradation of waste, but percentage of nitrogen, phosphor, sodium and organic carbon did not change significantly upon the sonication treatments. Major impact had treatment with 60°C for 65 minutes. It affected in decreased particle size but stay constant in value of pH, DO and BOD.

Keywords
Sonicationin, Protein Degradaion, Organic Nanofertilizer

Topic
WASTE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/VTvnzQuZ2g38


Energy bill and CO2 emissions of Corn (Zea mays) Under Present Production Systems of Samar, Philippines
Archie B. Lauderes

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Corresponding Author
Archie Baclayon Lauderes

Institutions
Northwest Samar State University
Philippines
archiebaclayon[at]yahoo.com

Abstract
Food shortages and starvation are among the important issues faced by the Philippines. Low production in rice is usually encountered by many farmers due to the reduction of production areas, incidence of pest and diseases, soil degradation in terms of fertility and acidity and climate change. As the world population continues to expand, greater pressure on resources essential for food production, including fossil energy. Hence, quest for additional calorie food sources that will require less energy and less water are needed. Data were gathered using formal survey questionnaire to account the energy bill, CO2 emissions, energy efficiency and identify the high consuming practices in all production stages of corn. Under the present farming conditions of Samar, the energy audit analyses showed that a hectare of corn consumed 2,822.43 Mcal or 247.28 LDOE. This translated to 1,880 Mcal or 160 LDOE to produce a ton of milled corn or 1.88 Mcal or 0.16 LDOE to produce a kilogram of milled corn. Hence it could be an additional calorie food source since it requires less water compared to rice that will grow even planted in hilly lands. In addition, the energy audit analyses showed that a hectare of corn emitted 978.12 kg of CO2 which is lower emission than rice.

Keywords
energy balance/efficiency; LDOE; energy use; CO2 Emissions

Topic
WASTE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Bpbe9vxRGQUA


Entrepreneurship Development to Upgrade Value Added of Mas Kirana Banana as Local Potential
U Prajogo(a*), S Munfaqiroh(b), M Nur(c), L Mindarti(d), I Pratiwi(e), A Luqman(f)

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Corresponding Author
Uke Prajogo

Institutions
(a)(b) Department of Management, Malangkucecwara School of Economics, Malang, Indonesia
*ukeprajogo[at]stie-mce.ac.id
(c) Department of Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
(d) Department of Bussiness Administration, Faculty of Administration Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
(e) Faculty of Psychology , Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
(f) Sunan Giri Academy of Pharmaceutical and Food Analyst, Ponorogo, Indonesia

Abstract
ASEAN member countries agreed to carry out comprehensive economic cooperation in the face of Industry 4.0. One of the manufacturing sectors in the food and beverage industry is being developed to become a force at the Southeast Asian regional level. The food and beverage industry is also one of the strategic sectors and still has bright prospects to grow in Indonesia. But on the other hand the growth of the food and beverage industry has many problems related to production efficiency and agriculture products which are not processed at all. The aim of this study is to describe the development of local potential based entrepreneurship through empowering Mas Kirana Banana farmers i.e. several stages including training, production and marketing. This study use a qualitative approach using primary data collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. The research subjects were Kirana Mas banana farmers in Pasrujambe District, Lumajang Regency. As informants are community leaders. The validity of the data uses triangulation of sources, methods and theories. Data analysis as an interactive model includes data collection, reduction, presentation and conclusion. The results of this research are empowerment programs for Mas Kirana banana farmers in the form of production training and business management of Mas Kirana banana chips.

Keywords
Agroindustry, Entrepreneurship Development, Mas Kirana Banana

Topic
AGROINDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION SYSTEM MANAGEMENT AND REGULATION

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/G8Z6WLgDtVcF


Environmental Risk Analysis of the Bedadung Watershed Using DPSIR
Amelia Ika Puspitasari *1, Hendra Andiananta Pradana *1, Elida Novita*2

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Corresponding Author
Amelia Ika Puspitasari

Institutions
1. Program Studi Magister Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Air Pertanian Pascasarjana Universitas Jember
2. Program studi Teknik pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Jember

Abstract
Bedadung River is one of the Regional Strategic Rivers located in the Bedadung Watershed in Jember Regency. This river crosses Jember Regency with a length of 46,875 meters and is used as a source of raw water and irrigation as well as a source for PDAM Jember Regency. Along with the many activities of the community, the water pollution load is increasing. In general, the source of pollution comes from anthropogenic activities in the form of exposure to domestic waste, industrialization, population growth, pesticides and fertilizers, organic and inorganic waste, urban development and weak management systems. This study aims to analyze the environmental risks in the bedadung watershed based on water quality data using the DPSIR method. The DPSIR (Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response) Framework has long been used as one of the tools in environmental risk analysis that shows the existence of linear interactions between human activities-pressure and impact. In general, human activities represent drivers and human needs that can cause pressure on the environment and potentially cause certain negative impacts that need to be responded to to reduce them. The DPSIR framework to be used is Driver (industry, garbage); Pressure (changes in the chemical composition of water); State (physical and chemical characters); Impact (changes in water quality); Response (limiting waste disposal to rivers).

Keywords
Bedadung Watershed, Water Quality, DPSIR

Topic
WASTE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/MuCUPhHQprZ2


Evaluation of Post-Harvest Coffee to Conform with GMP (Good Manufacturer Practices) to Develop Entrepreneurship
U Prajogo(a) , M Lutfi(b*), Y Liana(c), S Adi(d)

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Corresponding Author
Musthofa Lutfi

Institutions
(a)(c) Department of Management, Malangkucecwara School of Economics, Malang, Indonesia
(b) Department of Agricultural Engineering, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
*lutfi[at]ub.ac.id
(d) Department of Animal Husbandry, Universitas Muhammadiyah, Malang, Indonesia

Abstract
Coffee, as agroindustry comodity has good prospect in Indonesia although now overproduction worldwide in the world. Now, Indonesia is ranked 4th in the world as main coffee producer after Brazil, Vietnam, and Colombia. One of regency of coffee-producer regions is Ngawi Regency which is located on the slopes of Lawu Mount. Coffee quality is a main criterion to compete with other coffee producer. The way to improve the quality of Indonesian coffee is by upgrading post-harvest handling processes. The aim of this study was evaluation of the process of post-harvest coffee to conform with GMP (Good Manufacturer Process) to develop farmers entrepreneurship. The research respondents were 50 coffee farmers obtained by purposive sampling method. The results showed that coffee farmers in Ngrambe Subdistrict, Ngawi District use dry process in the process of stripping coffee beans (81.35%). The quality of the coffee picking process is low (53.62%). Generally coffee farmers do not sort (71.23%). The coffee storage process is also low (52.35%). Kinds of efforts conducting for this reasearch i.e. need for dissemination of post-coffee harvest technology that is in accordance with GMP Furthermore it can improve the competitive advantages of the product.

Keywords
Coffee, Agroindustry, GMP (Good Manufacturer Process), Entrepreneur

Topic
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/MHyr3xXP4V9Q


Evaluation of soybean genotypes for resistance to the army worm, Spodoptera litura
Ayda Krisnawati and M. Muchlish Adie

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Corresponding Author
Ayda Krisnawati

Institutions
Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute

Abstract
The army worm, Spodoptera litura, is the major leaf feeding-pest of soybean in Indonesia. The aim of the study was to identify the resistance of soybean genotypes to the army worm based on the preference index. A total of 150 soybean genotypes were grown under field condition from February to May 2018 in Malang (East Java, Indonesia). The preference test was conducted in the laboratory, and using G100H as resistant check to army worm. The result showed that the preference index of 150 genotypes was ranged from 0.09-1.82. A total of 105 genotypes were less preferred by larvae of S. litura (resistant), 39 genotypes were more preferred by larvae of S. litura (susceptible), and a genotype has equal resistant with G100H. Based on the preference index and morphophysiological characters, 150 soybean genotypes can be grouped into eight clusters. A genotype (Anjasmoro/Rajabasa-41) has characteristics of low leaf moisture content, dense leaf trichomes, and the preference index of 0.14. Those characters could be the attributes of the soybean genotypes resistant to S. litura. The Anjasmoro/Rajabasa-41 has the opportunity to be developed in tropical regions of Indonesia or can be used as a source of resistance genes to S. litura.

Keywords
leaf feeding-pest, preference index, resistant

Topic
FOOD SAFETY AND SECURITY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/LhFXek7E6BxC


Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Basil (Ocimum Americanum L.) Leaves with Pre-Treatment Using Pulsed Electric Field (PEF)
Sukardi*), Maimunah Hindun Pulungan, Isti Purwaningsih, Putri Fitriani Sita

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Corresponding Author
sukardi sukardi

Institutions
Universitas Brawijaya

Abstract
The study was conducted to determine the role of pulsed electric field (PEF) as pre-treatment on the extraction of phenolic compounds from basil (Ocimum americanum L.) leaves. The research used Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 2 factors, factor 1: exposure times (10, 15, and 20 seconds) and factor 2: voltages (1000, 1500, and 2000 volt). Extraction was done by maceration using 80% ethanol with temperature of 50oC. The results showed that PEF treatment had an effect on total phenolic compounds (TPC), phenol yield and antioxidant activity (IC50) of basil extract. The sample treated at exposure time of 10 seconds and voltage of 1500 volt obtained TPC of 260.50 mg GAE/g, phenol yield of 1.91 % and IC50 of 35.96 ppm. Whereas the untreated sample (without PEF) obtained TPC of 193 mg GAE/g, phenol yield of 0.86 % and IC50 of 166.78 ppm. The data showed that PEF treatment before the extraction of basil leaves can increase total phenolic compounds by 1.4 times, phenol yield by 2.2 times, and antioxidant activity by 4.6 times.

Keywords
Basil; PEF; phenolic compound; antioxidant;

Topic
AGROINDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION SYSTEM MANAGEMENT AND REGULATION

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/UWf6K832CTwJ


Feasibility Study on The Use of UV/Vis Spectroscopy to Measure Total Phenolic Compound (TPC) and pH in Apple (Malus Sylvestris L) Combined with Chemomectrics Analysis
Z Iqbal1, A N Komariyah2, I P Adiyaksa1, B D Argo2, Y Wibisono2, M A Kamal3, R Damayanti1

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Corresponding Author
Zaqlul Iqbal

Institutions
1Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
2Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
3Department of Agro-industrial Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia

Abstract
Apple (Malus sylvestris L) is one of important crops cultivated as a raw material to produce typical product from Malang City such as, apple drink and chip. In order to produce a good quality product, a uniform ripeness level of apple need to be attained. As a traditional method, the farmer and industrial worker only sorted the raw material based on its physical properties, i.e. size and colour, which depend on their decision that may lead to non-standard result. Thus, to address this issue, a rapid and quantitative measurement such as UV/Vis spectroscopy need to be developed. The aim of this research is to study the feasibility on the use of UV/Vis spectroscopy to determine apple quality based on its chemical compound. To achieved the conclusion, several stages had to be conducted. First, the total 60 sample of apples from 4 different ripening stages (3, 4, 5 and 6 month) were collected from local farmer in Bumiaji District and extracted. The juice from extraction was prepared for UV/Vis spectrum collection ranging from 340-800nm. Then, the Total Phenolic Compound (TPC) and pH were measured. Second, performing chemometric analysis to provide Partial Least Square (PLS) prediction model. And the third was identifying robustness of the model by analysing all the statistic parameter. The result showed that, PLS model to predict pH provided good determination coefficient (r2) resulting 0.9142 while RPD, LV and RSMEP accounting for 1.98, 6, and 0.0466 respectively. Meanwhile, the TPC could not be predicted well by using this regression.

Keywords
Apple, checomectric, quantitative measurement, UV/Vis spectroscopy

Topic
AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/nak6jD3L27ep


Fermentation Time Optimization of Young Robusta Coffee Leaf Kombucha
K Fibrianto1, N A Muliandari1, L Y Wahibah1, S D Putri1 and A M Legowo2

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Corresponding Author
Kiki Fibrianto

Institutions
1Brawijaya Senso-Gastronomy Center, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Brawijaya University, Jalan Veteran, Malang 65145, Indonesia
2Faculty of Animal and Agriculture Sciences , Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. H. Soedarto, S.H. – Tembalang Semarang, Indonesia 50275

Abstract
Kombucha is a fermented drink made from liquid tea. The fermentation is involving bacteria and yeast (SCOBY). The current study aims to investigate the possibility of coffee leaf tea as a raw material for kombucha and to determine the characteristics of coffee leaf kombucha at the optimum antioxidant activity level. This study uses RSM (Response Surface Method) by considering the length of fermentation between 0 and 21 days. The results of fermentation duration optimization showed that the fermentation time for 3 days resulted in optimum IC50 antioxidant activity. The results showed that withering treatment significantly affect the pH values, total sugar, total phenol, and IC50 of young coffee leaf kombucha. The sensory quality also shows that 5 out of 19 attributes, including brown color, sour taste, bitter taste, alcoholic aroma, sour aroma are also affected by the treatment (p-value<0.05). Regardless the chemical and sensory qualities, the kombucha was still significantly accepted (p-value<0.05) by the respondents.

Keywords
kombucha; young robusta coffee leaf, RSM

Topic
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Y34GeqfjUmxH


FORECASTING OF RAW MATERIAL PURCHASING QUANTITY FOR APPLE JUICE DRINK PRODUCTION IN PT XYZ MALANG
Azimmatul Ihwah, Ulayya Hanan Viandini

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Corresponding Author
Azimmatul Ihwah

Institutions
Dept. of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya

Abstract
Batu City is a city that has abundant agricultural products. One of the abundant fruits in Batu City is apples. Apple juice drink is a fruit juice drink prepared from apples with the addition of sugar and citric acid. One producer of apple cider is PT. XYZ who is in Batu City. Production process has strongly related to the needs of raw materials. Raw materials are the main factors that support the smooth and effective production process of a company. The planning activity for raw material requirements can be applied if future sales projections have been obtained. In this case forecasting future demand needs to be done. The aimed of this study was to forecast the quantity of purchasing apple ‘manalagi- as the main raw material. The forecasting study was done for January to December 2019. From the time series plot, it was known that the data for purchasing raw materials for apples was seasonal. The data was transformed twice to fulfill stationary assumptions. The best SARIMA model was obtained (1,1,0) (1,1,1)2 with the Mean Square Error of 0,0106901. From the results of forecasting for 2019, it was found that the highest in June was 87,950.2 kg and the lowest in January was 249.3 kg and the average purchase of raw materials per month in 2019 was 9,786.1 kg. This is because the level of demand from consumers has increased dramatically during the Eid season or celebration season, namely in June.

Keywords
apple, juice drink,forecasting, seasonal, sarima

Topic
AGROINDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION SYSTEM MANAGEMENT AND REGULATION

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Rj9ChBEfxMKP


Formulation of Mashed Potatoes (Solanum Tuberosum L.) As Tengger Culinary Product
C. G. Perdani, S. Wijana, A.Yamin

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Corresponding Author
claudia gadizza perdani

Institutions
Department of agro-industrial technology, faculty of agricultural technology. Universitas Brawijaya

Abstract
Indonesia is one of the tourist destination countries because of its natural beauty. Bromo, Tenger Semeru National Park (TNBTS) is one of the destinations that become the main destination of tourists. In addition to natural attractions, culinary tourism can be an alternative in developing the tourism industry TNBTS. Culinary typical of the region has an important role to attract the hearts of tourists because tourists who come will be interested to try the typical food of the area. Potato is one of the leading commodities in Ngadas Village. The objective of this research is to obtain the optimal composition of the mashed potato product. In this study used linear programming as an optimization analysis with the aim can be used as a reference decision making election composition of the appropriate potato slurry. The design of potato slurry composition was made of 4 types: A composition (using tapioca starch), C composition (using rice flour), C composition (using corn starch) and D composition (without using flour). The best treatment was obtained at the treatment with the addition of corn flour. Preparation of 100 grams of mash potato is made with a dose of 50 grams of potato composition, 20 gram corn flour, 13 ml water, 5 grams of milk, 4 grams of cheese and the rest are salt and pepper. The average value of the panelists favorite on the addition of corn flour is 4.85. The cost of making 200gram mashed potatoes is 5,038.00 (idr).

Keywords
corn flour, culinary, mashed potato, optimize

Topic
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/RaDvxX4ENm2Z


Formulation of Vegetable Seasoning Made from Raw Material of Protein Hydrolyzate of Coconut Blondo
Susinggih Wijana, Claudia Gadizza Perdani, Theressa Angela Natasha Noviantoro

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Corresponding Author
Susinggih Wijana

Institutions
Universitas Brawijaya

Abstract
The commercial seasoning that sold in the market containing artificial Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) as a flavor enhancer. However, the excessive use of MSG can endanger the health of the body. Therefore, it requires an alternative non-MSG seasoning. The use of MSG can be replaced with natural ingredients from protein enzymatic such as blondo protein hydrolysate. This study was conducted to understand the nutritional content and glutamic acid of blondo protein hydrolysate, to find out the appropriate formulation in making seasoning of blondo protein hydrolysate, and to understand the acceptance level of seasoning that made of blondo protein hydrolysate. The main study was the production of seasoning formulations with a raw material of blondo protein hydrolysate and additional spices that consisted of sugar, salt, white pepper powder, onion powder, and garlic powder. The formulation was made in 6 treatment levels based on the difference in the proportion of blondo protein hydrolysate, which were; 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%. Then tested using scoring test with 30 untrained panelists. The result of the proximate test on the raw material of coconut blondo raw which contained nutrients in the form of 9.09% water, 19.95% protein, 34.51% fat, 5.00% ash, 31.45% carbohydrate. The result of the proximate test on blondo protein hydrolysate were containing 8.21% water, 35.62% protein, 22.18% fat, 3.25% ash, 20.40% carbohydrate, and 10,41% glutamic acid. Based on the scoring test, could be known that the highest score for the parameter of taste, color, and aroma was a formulation with addition blondo protein hydrolysate around 8-10%. Thus, it could be stated that the use of vegetable seasoning products as an MSG alternative was possible and acceptable for consumers.

Keywords
coconut blondo, enzymatic hydrolysis, seasoning.

Topic
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/9Xt3aGELnFMR


Functionality and Recent Application of Tragacanth in Foods
Mokhamad Nur

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Corresponding Author
Mokhamad Nur

Institutions
Department of Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran, 65145, Malang, Indonesia

Abstract
As a biopolymer, tragacanth is a naturally degradable and biocompatible material. Tragacanth is an anionic polysaccharide derived from a dried exudate from the branches and stems of Astragalus. New biomaterials prepared with tragacanth are presently being designed for food applications. Having a GRAS status from the FDA, this gum is one of the most frequently used natural polymers utilized as coating materials, emulsifier, stabilizing and thickening agent to control the microstructure and texture and to improve viscosity and stability of various food and bioproducts. As a food additive, incorporation of tragacanth has an effect on rheological and textural properties of formulated foods. This study concentrates on the current findings in food application of tragacanth.

Keywords
Tragacanth; Natural Polymers; Food Application; Rheology

Topic
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/MWEDavNhZ7X2


Garciniamangostana Linn. Pericarp Extract Reduced Malondialdehyde (MDA) Level in Cigarette Smoke Exposed Rats
Nabeel Ahmed Ahmed Rafah

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Corresponding Author
NABEEL AHMED RAFAH

Institutions
Faculty of Medical Technology, Aljufra, Libya

Abstract
Crude extract of mangosteen (GarciniaMangostana L) pericarp (CEMP) possess many biological and pharmacological activities. The aim of this study is to analyse the effect of CEMP consumption for 3 weeks on lipid peroxidation as shown by malondialdehyde (MDA) level in cigarette smoke exposed rats. Twenty five Wistar male rats were randomly divided into five groups, i.e.: a normal control group, an exposed cigarette control group and three treatment groups. The treatment groups either received 200; 400; and 600 mg CEMP/kg body weight (BW), respectively. The diets in the form of pellets were freely consumed (ad libitum) and were given for three weeks. Rats were exposed to cigarette smoke one time per day. Blood samples were taken on the last day for MDA analyses. The MDA level statically analysis by ANOVA test and following by post Hoc test .After 3 weeks treatment, the mean MDA levels between groups were significantly differences (P=0.000). On day 21th, the MDA levels of control group , exposure by cigarette smoke group and groups that supplemented with 0; 200; 400 and 600 mg CEMP / kg BW were 0.126 ± 0.02; 0.637 ± 0.04; 0.423 ± 0.03; 0.235 ± 0.03 and 0.136 ± 0.03 μg/mL, respectively.It is also interesting to point out the decrease of the lung morphological damage by CEMP treatment. These results indicate the beneficial effect of CEMP in the MDA level reducing on the rats that exposed by cigarette.

Keywords
crude extract, mangosteen pericarp, cigarette, lipid peroxidation, MDA level

Topic
HEALTH, NUTRITION AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/NjkB98CKQXMg


GIS Based Multicriteria Analysis for Fecal Sludge Treatment Facilities Site Selection (Case Study: Bogor Regency)
Luhur Akbar Devianto (*a), Ni Nengah Ayu Mirah Sari Utami Dewi (b), Qomarudin Helmy (b), Mochammad Chaerul (b)

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Corresponding Author
Luhur Akbar Devianto

Institutions
(a) Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran No.1 Malang 65145, Indonesia
*luhur.devianto[at]ub.ac.id
(b) Department of Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No.10 Bandung 40132, Indonesia

Abstract
Sanitary conditions is one of the components that influencing of public health. Bogor Regency has total area 317,102 Ha, with total population 4,922,205 in 2012. The sanitation of Bogor Regency nearly 100% is using on-site systems. Utilization of septic tank reduce the level of contamination of surface water and groundwater. However, the sludge still contain high E.Coli that potentially caused diarrhea, vomiting disease, and others, so that the handling of the sludge needs Fecal Sludge Treatment Facilities (FSTF). The Bogor Regency currently have 10 units of fecal suction truck services. But the disposal process still was done in Kalimulya FSTF, Depok city. This study aims to find feasible FSTF site location which fulfill the spatial plan, technical, and non-technical criteria. The process on determining of feasible FSTF location was using multicriteria analysis using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Several spatial data such as the land slope, the type of soil, distance from water bodies / river, the administration of Bogor Regency, as well as land use and land capability were used for FSTF site selection.

Keywords
Fecal sludge treatment facilities site selection, Geographic Information Systems, On-site system

Topic
WASTE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/xeDh6UX2Bkwb


GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE (GMP) IMPLEMENTATION ASSESSMENT OF TEA BEVERAGE PRODUCTION
Muhammad Arif Kamal (*a), Medea Ramadhani Utomo (b), Annisa Fortuna Adam (c)

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Corresponding Author
M Arif Kamal

Institutions
(a) Department of Agroindustrial Technology
Faculty of Agroindustrial Technology
Universitas Brawijaya

(b) Department of Social and Economics
Faculty of Agriculture
Universitas Brawijaya

(c) Student of Bachelor Science of Agroindustrial Techology, Department of Agroindustrial Technology
Faculty of Agroindustrial Technology
Universitas Brawijaya

Abstract
Tea is one of the subtropical plants widely consumed because it has a distinctive taste and aroma. In order to maintain product quality it is needed to implement standard production procedures that aims to produce products that meet product quality and safety requirements using Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) criteria. This study is aims to observe and assess the GMP Implementation Tea Beverage production from several GMP criteria including the location, buildings, sanitation facilities, machinery and equipment, materials, process supervision, final products, laboratories, employees, packaging, labeling and product description, transportation, sanitation storage, maintenance and programs, documentation and recording and training.

Keywords
Keywords: Tea, Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP),

Topic
AGROINDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION SYSTEM MANAGEMENT AND REGULATION

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/VumKT6RnWDNp


Green Marketing Mix: The Influences on Purchasing Decision of Mozzarella Cheese Consumers
Retno Astuti, Panji Deoranto, Muhammad Luthfi Aji Wicaksono, Ayman Nazzal

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Corresponding Author
Retno Astuti

Institutions
1Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, University of Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia
2Department of Business Administration and E-Commerce, Faculty of Commerce and Business, P. O. Box Tulkarem - Jaffa Street 7, Palestina Technical University - Kadoorie, Palestin

Abstract
The awareness of consumers about environment has been increasing considerably. Green marketing mix is one of strategies for producers to meet the need of consumers. This study aimed to develop a theoretical structural model representing the influences of green marketing mix on purchasing decision. The conceptual framework was empirically tested using Partial Least Square (PLS) method based on a survey of 42 consumers of mozzarella cheese produced by CV. Brawijaya Dairy Industry (BRADY) in Malang City, Indonesia. Data were collected using questionnaires given to respondents who were taken by purposive sampling. Exogenous latent variables in this study were green product, green price, green place, and green promotion as variables of green marketing mix, meanwhile endogenous latent variable was purchasing decision. The results showed that green product, green price, and green promotion influenced significantly on purchasing decision. Green place did not influence significantly on purchasing decisions because the consumers who are mostly snack producers did not consider the distance of the marketplace. They usually bought BRADY mozzarella cheese with other ingredients for snack production. They saved more energy by buying BRADY mozzarella cheese at one-stop-shop of ingredients for snack production although it was sold at a little bit far marketplace. The most influential variable of green marketing mix on purchasing decision of BRADY mozzarella cheese was green product because the ingredients of the product were toxic-free.

Keywords
green product, green price, green place, green promotion, purchasing decision

Topic
AGROINDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION SYSTEM MANAGEMENT AND REGULATION

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/BFzKGcWTuxwp


Green Productivity Analysis of Tempeh Chips Production (Case Study on SME Putra Ridhlo Sanan, Malang)
Riska Septifani*, Retno Astuti, Rizqi Nurlail Akbar

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Corresponding Author
Riska Septifani

Institutions
Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia

Abstract
Tempe chips are one of the typical foods of Malang City. One of SME that produces tempeh chips in Malang City is Putra Ridhlo. The purpose of this research were to measure the value of productivity, determine several strategic alternatives, and estimate the influence of selected alternative to a better productivity. A suitable approach to help the SME to increase productivity and reduce environmental impact is the Green Productivity Method. Green Value Stream Mapping (GVSM) was also used to identify green waste. Green Productivity Index (GPI) of Putra Ridhlo was only 0,28 (low). Alternatives were prepared to overcome several green waste problems. The results of the study showed that the biggest waste came from frying process (emission), seasoning making process (waste water), and packaging process (solid waste). There were three improvement alternatives to increase productivity values, namely: ​​standardization of packaging weight, usage of blower during the day, and water volume measurement with a measuring cup when making seasonings. According to expert judgement with pairwise comparison, the alternative with highest GPI is standardization of packaging weight (0,30), while usage of blower during the day had GPI 0,29, and water volume measurement with a measuring cup when making seasonings had GPI 0,28. The application of green productivity might be implemented in Putra Ridhlo because it could improve the economy value to be 2,48, and environmental impact (GPI future to be 0,30 and GPI ratio to be 1,08). Future studies could measure productivity with other methods such as Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR).

Keywords
green productivity, pairwise comparison, tempeh chips

Topic
AGROINDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION SYSTEM MANAGEMENT AND REGULATION

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/4HMRNEumBV6v


Hybridization of Nitrogen Compounds and Hydroxyapatite: A Slowly Released Fertilizer for Water Sustainability
Yusuf Wibisono*1, 3, Rut Yuliani2, Nadinda Kamilia1, Dini Dinda Ardian2, Anang Lastriyanto1, Sandra Sandra2

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Corresponding Author
Yusuf Wibisono

Institutions
1Bioprocess Engineering, Univ. of Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran No.1 Malang 65145,
Indonesia
2Agriculture Engineering, Univ. of Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran No.1 Malang 65145,
Indonesia
3MILI Water Research Institute, PO Box 301 ML, Malang 65101,
Indonesia

Abstract
ZA (ammonium sulfate) and NPK (nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound) are nitrogen-rich fertilizers commonly used by farmers. The fertilizers have high solubility in water, decay rapidly in wet soil and decompose into ammonia. Its lead into eutrophication phenomena and its absorption by crop roots becomes less effective. A facile and scalable method is developed to hybrid fish scale based powdered hydroxyapatite with nitrogen-rich compounds for slow-release fertilizer. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a material that contains phosphorus and is a well-binding agent of nitrogen. This study is aiming at synthesizing HAp from calcium-rich fish scale biowaste using wet-chemical precipitation method and coated the HAp particles with ZA and NPK fertilizer. From the experiment, the total nitrogen content of ZA is 26,95% and NPK is 16,46%. The hybrid ratio is 6:1, and nitrogen release is tested every 120 seconds using percolation method. The percolate contents analyzed using Kjehdahl methods. The nitrogen release of the hybrids is compared to obtain the best kinetics model i.e. zero order kinetics, 1st order kinetics, Higuchi model and Kosmeyer-Peppas models and to analyze sorption isotherm by using BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) method. The use of hydroxyapatite-based slow release fertilizer, might prevent the water resources from fertilizer contamination as well as enhance the crop production using more efficient crop irrigation.

Keywords
hydroxyapatite, kinetic, nitrogen, slow release, fertilizer

Topic
AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/9gGUDu7tYMvE


Identification of Characteristics of Language and Community Information Needs on Processing of Agricultural Results Based on Local Potential
Kusubakti Andajani (a*), Musthofa Lutfi (b), Arda Purnama Putra (c), Sahiruddin (d)

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Corresponding Author
Kusubakti Andajani

Institutions
a) Indonesian Language and Literature Education Study Program, Faculty of Literature, State University of Malang
Jl. Semarang 5, Malang 65145, Indonesia
*kusubakti.andajani.fs[at]um.ac.id
b) Department of Agriculture Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya,
Jl. Veteran 1, Malang 65145, Indonesia
c) Elementary School Teacher Education Study Program, State University of Malang
Jl. Semarang 5, Malang 65145, Indonesia
d) English Study Program, Department of Languges and Literature, Faculty of Cultural Studies, Universitas Brawijaya
Jl. Veteran 1, Malang 65145, Indonesia

Abstract
Convincing the public about the importance of processing agricultural products is not easy. Various reasons are conveyed as a form of rejection. This study aims to describe the language characteristics and information needs of the community about processing agricultural products based on local potential so that node points that can be used as a basis to open public awareness of the importance of processing agricultural products can be identified. Data collection for qualitative descriptive research was carried out through participant observation and open interviews. The results of the study showed that the use of Indonesian language mixed with regions was seen as more polite and acceptable to the local community. Information about processing agricultural products needed is processing techniques for rambutan, banana, and cassava. They also need information about packaging techniques for agricultural products, design of processed products, procedures for managing PIRTs, and marketing strategies for processed products.

Keywords
Processing of Agricultural Results; Characteristics of Language; Community Information Needs

Topic
AGROINDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION SYSTEM MANAGEMENT AND REGULATION

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/CqTPU9fWnJzc


In Vitro and In Silico Analysis of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity of Peanut (Arachis Hypogaea L.) Shell Ethanol Extract
Mieke Alvionita (a), Listiyana Candra Dewi (a), Subandi (a*) and Suharti (a)

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Corresponding Author
Mieke Alvionita

Institutions
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Negeri Malang
Jalan Semarang 5, Malang 65145, Indonesia
*subandi.fmipa[at]um.ac.id

Abstract
Gout is a common inflammatory arthritis caused by the formation of uric acid crystals in a joint. Due to their high prevalence in most countries, the discovery of gout treatment agent have gained many interests, mainly from natural resources. Some studies showed that bioactive product can replace the common gout medicine, allopurinol, which known have many negative effects. Thus, the aims of this study were to obtained ethanol extract of peanut shell, to determine their inhibitory activity toward xanthine oxidase (XO) and to determine the inhibitory activity of predicted compounds using in silico study. There are 4 steps in this work, namely: (1) ethanol extraction of bioactive compounds from peanut shell, (2) phytochemical analysis, (3) in vitro analysis as XO inhibitor and (4) in silico study of predicted bioactive compounds from peanut shell as XO inhibitor. The results had shown that Arachis hypogaea L. epidermis extract contained tannins, polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids, whereas their outer peel extract have the same contents, except tannin. At the same concentration (100 ppm), the inhibition activity of epidermis and peanut shells extract towards XO were equivalent to 12 and 14 ppm of allopurinol, respectively. According to the previous study, the bioactive compounds in the peanut shell were luteolin, 5,7-dihydroxychromone, and eriodictyol. Our in silico analysis has revealed that each of those compunds has binding affinity higher than allopurinol has.

Keywords
Arachis hypogaea L. shell; xanthine oxidase inhibitor; in vitro and in silico analysis

Topic
HEALTH, NUTRITION AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/cDyEVALYhkZT


Institutional Risk Identification of SMEs Supply Chains with Fuzzy Failure Mode and Effect Analysis Method
Imam Santoso, Indah Yuni Prahastuti, Dyah Ayu Pusfitasari

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Corresponding Author
Imam Santoso

Institutions
Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Abstract
Institutional problems experienced by SMEs lead to institutional risks that can affect supply chain institutions. These risks include risk in the variables of the actors, relations and institutions involved. Variable actors have the risk of lack of technical, intellectual and negotiating abilities, and low commitment, communication and responsibility. Relationship variables have a risk level of trust, honesty and a spirit of low progress, frequent conflicts, and limited information between relations. Other institutional variables have the risk of not having a business network and low government cooperation, training and funding. These risks must be handled properly and correctly. The purpose of this study is to identify and assess the institutional risk of supply chains. Risk identification and assessment uses the Fuzzy Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FFMEA) method. The result of five randomly selected SMEs, the highest risk in the actor variable is the lack of intellectual knowledge and low commitment. The risk priority in the relation variable is the lack of spirit of going forward together. The risk priority for institutional variables is the limited of supporting fund from other institutions.

Keywords
risk analysis, institutional, agroinndustry, Fuzzy FMEA

Topic
AGROINDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION SYSTEM MANAGEMENT AND REGULATION

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/JEa4GCRUfhdp


Investigation of several surfactant use strategies to improve newspaper glucan conversion
Leo-Paul Vaurs (a); Chaowana Yirong(b)

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Corresponding Author
leo paul vaurs

Institutions
a) Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai campus, Thailand
b) Faculty of Sciences and Industrial Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Surat Thani campus, Thailand

Abstract
Newspaper recycling is one of the most successful recycling story. As a result, newspapers have been collected worldwide for decades and thus represent a large quantity of a relatively cheap and available source of lignocellulose. If newspaper recycling has multiple advantages, it nevertheless involves some severe wastewater and odor emissions, and produces harmful sludge. Moreover, due to the loss of some fiber properties during the recycling process, paper can only be recycled 5-7 times. Therefore, investigating new valorization routes for unrecyclable newspapers are of interest. Newspapers used in this work contained between 51 to 64 % carbohydrates on a dry basis (74% being glucan), which could enzymatically be hydrolysed into fermentable sugars for further bioethanol or biochemical production. Low glucan conversions (20-49%) were found, however, which led to the investigation of multiple pre-treatments to improve sugars release. Surfactants such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), polysorbate 80 and polyethylene glycol (PEG) have the advantage of requiring mild conditions which significantly reduce the energy demand of the pre-treatment step. They can reduce the negative impact of lignin on enzymes, increase enzyme activity and protect cellulolytic enzymes. Several surfactant use strategies such as washing, soaking, addition during hydrolysis, surfactant combinations were tested using the 3 products mentioned earlier. A simple mass and energy model was developed to select the most economically feasible surfactant pre-treatment. Addition of 0.5% SDS in the reaction medium was found to lead to the maximum amount of the cheapest sugars with 20% extra been released.

Keywords
lignocellulose, enzymatic hydrolysis, newspaper, surfactant

Topic
WASTE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/tNJQcBmY2jFw


Isolation and Identification of Cellulose-Degrading Microorganism from Oil Palm Trunk Waste and Sugarcane Bagasse
Agustin K. Wardani (a*), Pauline N. Novitasari (b), Belinda C. Wulandari (b)

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Corresponding Author
Pauline Nathania Novitasari

Institutions
a) Department of Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, Indonesia
*Email:agustinwardani[at]ub.ac.id
b) Department of Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, Indonesia

Abstract
Cellulases are a group of hydrolytic enzymes capable of hydrolyzing the cellulose to smaller sugar components produced by microorganisms during their growth. In this study, cellulose- degrading microorganism was isolated for obtaining effective cellulases from lignocellulosic biomass such as sugarcane bagasse and oil palm trunk waste from plantation area in Indonesia. A total of 194 strains were isolated on agar plates containing carboxymethyl cellulase (CMC). Of the 194 strains, 57 showed hydrolyzing zones on agar plates containing CMC after Congo-red staining. Cellulase assay kit (CellG5 method) was used to measure the enzyme activity of the obtained isolates. Two isolates among the 57 strains i.e. KS 30 and AT 17 showed higher carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) activity and isolate KS 30 exhibited the highest CMCase activity (1.891 Unit/mL). The strain KS-30 was identified as Bacillus subtilis on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. This study provided information about the prospect of cellulose-degrading Bacillus subtilis for the bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass to produce value-added bioproducts such as ethanol, organic acids and other chemicals.

Keywords
Bagasse, Oil Palm Trunk, Cellulase, Isolation, Identification

Topic
INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOPROCESSING

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/awfWPRmYFEzN


ISOLATION OF LYTIC BACTERIOFHAGE AND ITS POTENCY TO CONTROL Cronobacter spp. – OPPORTUNISTIC FOOD-BORNE PATHOGENS
Agustin K.Wardani, Immas R. Nurbayu, Nur L. Qodriyah, Bramantyo W. S. Budiman

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Corresponding Author
Nur Latifatul Qodriyah

Institutions
Department of Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145 E-mail : agustinwardani[at]ub.ac.id

Abstract
Foodborne disease, also referred to as foodborne illness are caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites or chemical substances entering the body through contaminated food or water. Foodborne diseases may lead to long-lasting disability and death. Bacteria are agents which cause 60 % foodborne illness with cases that require hospital treatment. Antimicrobials, such as antibiotics, are essential to treat infections caused by bacteria. However, their overuse and misuse in human medicine has been linked to the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria, rendering the treatment of infectious diseases ineffective in humans. The use of antibiotics as an antimicrobial has undergone many obstacles along with increased number of pathogenic bacteria resistance case. Antimicrobial resistance is one of the main threats to modern medicine. Bacteriophage could be an effective and safe method to decrease the presence of pathogens in food. In this study, lytic phages were isolated and examined for their efficacy to control pathogens. It was isolated using the "plaque assay" method and the lytic ability of isolated phage was confirmed using turbidity test. The isolated φKA5 from chicken skin samples was able to inhibit the growth of bacterial host (Cronobacter spp.) specifically Cronobacter malonaticus strain 05CHPL53. Infection of Cronobacter malonaticus using φKA5 for 360 minutes showed the significant reduction of Cronobacter growth. Based on morphological classification with the ICTV system, the φKA5 can be classified into the Myoviridae family with a contractile tail. These data suggested that the phages isolated from raw chicken skin are potential agents for controlling Cronobacter spp.

Keywords
Bacteriophage, Biocontrol, Cronobacter spp., Foodborne illness, Isolation

Topic
FOOD SAFETY AND SECURITY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/qMhUAnPFeJY8


Isolation, Screening and Identification of Potential Cellulolytic and Xylanolytic Mold from Oil Palm Waste
Netty Kusumawati(a,b*), Agustin Krisna Wardani(a), Elok Zubaidah(a), Sumardi Hadi Sumarlan(a)

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Corresponding Author
Netty Kusumawati

Institutions
a) Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran, Malang 65145, Indonesia

b) Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya, Jalan Dinoyo 42-44 Surabaya, Indonesia 60265
*) nettykusumawati[at]gmail.com

Abstract
The objective of this research was to isolate, screen, and identify the cellulase and xylanase-producing mold from oil palm waste. There are thirty-two isolates from oil palm waste which are able to degrade and grow on media containing cellulose or xylan as a sole carbon source. Screening to determine cellulolytic and xylanolytic activity was performed by paper disc diffusion method using Congo Red as an indicator. All the thirty-two mold isolates showed cellulolytic and xylanolytic activity with relative enzyme activity (ratio of hydrolyzed zone diameter and colony growth diameter) ranging from 1.04 to 1.62. Based on the macro- and micromorphology characteristics, these isolates were identified as genus Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Rhizopus, Tallaromyces and Penicillium, with the number isolates in each genus was 22, 4, 3, 2, and 1 respectively. The highest cellulolytic and xylanolytic activity was achieved from the isolate namely OPT1(4) which was identified as Talaromyces pinophilus using morphological and molecular analysis. Under the optimum condition (300C, 72 hours) in liquid medium containing carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and birch wood xylan as the main carbon source, Talaromyces pinophilus OPT1(4) presented glucanase and xylanase activity of 15.17 U/ml and 13.35 U/ml, respectively.

Keywords
mold, isolation, identification, cellulolytic, xylanolytic

Topic
INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOPROCESSING

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/6ucK9FQCvNaB


Keratin Biofilm from Chicken Feathers
Uswatun Nurkhasanah1, Evi Susanti1, Azila Mohd Idris2, and Suharti Suharti1

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Corresponding Author
Suharti Suharti

Institutions
1Department of Chemistry, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri Malang, East Java, Indonesia
2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Abstract
Keratin is an important biomaterial for industrial applications. About 90% of keratin is found in chicken feathers. Chicken feathers are accumulated from poultry processes and produced in millions of tons annually. Besides being abundant and cheap, keratin is insoluble in water and organic solvent which makes it difficult to recycle. Previous study showed that Solid state fermentation of keratinase using Bacillus sp. MD24 using chicken feathers a sole carbon and nitrogen source produced micro-keratin as a solid by-product. This paper reported our investigation in the soluble keratin in liquid by-product. Liquid by-product was produced through Solid-State fermentation of keratinase for 10 consecutive days by Bacillus sp. MD24 . Liquid by-product was separated from solid byproduct by centrifugation at 2000 rpm. The size of soluble keratin was examined by zeta particle analyzer. The soluble keratin was filmed and the film was characterized using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and film surface was analyses using scanning electron microscopy. Dissolution of keratin using ionic liquids ([BMIM]Cl and [EMIM]Ac) was done to compare its properties. Dissolution was performed under nitrogen atmosphere at 130 °C for 7 hours. Insoluble fraction was recovered by addition of water. The results showed the liquid by-product contains soluble keratin with size between 100-600 nm, and FTIR spectrum indicated the presence of polypeptide with high concentration of –S-H bond. There is no difference on surface structure between keratin biofilm produced from soluble keratin by-product and soluble keratin produced by dissolution using ionic liquids.

Keywords
keratin, Solid-State Fermentation, luquid by-product, Ionic Liquids

Topic
WASTE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/U8jd4beAnahB


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