Utilization Of Glucomannan As An Anti-Staling Agent To Improve The Texture Value Of Whole Wheat Bread
Tiara Kumala, Aji Sutrisno and Yunianta
Faculty of Agricultural Technology, University of Brawijaya, Malang
Abstract
Nutritional trends towards a healthier diet have encouraged the consumption of whole wheat bread. However, the use of whole wheat flour to make bread has disadvantages of having a bad texture which is hard, not springy, non-uniform pores and has a higher level of staling. Glucomannan can affect the level of hardness, springiness, cohesiveness and inhibit the staling process by forming a gel thet will absorb water which can easily hold the gas during fermentation. this causes bread to have a uniform pore with soft crumbs so that the hardness value and staling process decreases. This research aims to examine the properties of mixture of whole wheat flour with high, medium and low protein flour modified by 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% of glucomannan gel to improve the physical and organoleptic properties of the bread. The data obtained were tested statistically with α = 5%. The best proportion was mixture of high protein flour and whole wheat flour with 1.5% glucomannan concentration. This produces bread with 3.5375 N of hardness, 4.3900 mm of elasticity and 0.8525 of cohesiveness and becomes the most preferred bread by panelists. Bread with this formula undergoes a staling process longer than wheat flour without added glucomannan. The staling process began on the 3rd day and has increased by 21,87% from day 1 with a hardness value 26.65 N. On visual observation, breadcrumbs occur on 5th day. Therefore, the addition of glucomannan is able to improve the texture and can inhibit the process of staling on bread.
Keywords: whole wheat bread; glucomannan; staling process
Topic: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY