Executive Function Impairments In Children With ADHD
Naeila Rifatil Muna, Ratna Jatnika, Urip Purwono, Juke R Siregar
Department of Psychology, Padjadjaran University, Jl. Km.21 Jatinangor, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
naeila13001[at]mail.unpad.ac.id, ratna[at]unpad.ac.id, urip.purwono[at]gmail.com, jukesiregar[at]yahoo.co.id
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to understand the basic neuroanatomy of the brain and the executive function characteristics of children with Attention Deficit and Hipectivity Disorder (ADHD). Children with ADHD are children with complex developmental disorder. ADHD is a behavior abnormality commonly seen in childhood, it includes three core symptoms inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. Based on a neuropsychological approach, a disorder experienced by child with ADHD due to abnormalitiees in the struktur and biochemistry of the brain. The part of the brain associated with the executive function is the frontal lobe in prefrontal area, which includes dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, orbitofrontal cortex. Impairment in the executive function process in the brain includes six areas of cognitive aspects, namely organizing, prioritizing, and activating for tasks; focusing,sustaining and selective effort, and shifting attention to tasks; regulating alertness, sustaining effort and processing speed; managing frustration and modulating emotions; utilizing working memory and acessing recall; monitoring and self regulating action.
Keywords: attention deficite and hiperactivity disorder, executive fuction, brain, neuropsychology
Topic: Psychology