Implementation of School Zoning Policy in New Student Acceptance from Top Down and Bottom Up Perspective
Rahmat Safari
Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
Abstract
Implementation is a part of the policy process stages which is seen as separate from policy formulation process (Hupe and Hill, 2015). Policy implementation reflects a complex change process which government decisions are transformed into programs, procedures, regulations, or practices for social improvements (DeGroff and Cargo, 2009). Both explicitly and implicitly, policy implementation aims to achieve various types of changes among target groups (Nilsen, 2013). Therefore, the assessment of policy implementation is essential, it will promote accountability, enhancing effectiveness, and fostering equity and quality (Bhuyan, 2010). Recently, the quality of Indonesian education has been faced with the phenomenon of favorite schools and non-favorite school. This dichotomie seems as a problem (Martono, 2017). To overcome this, the government then issued school zoning policy in new student acceptance. The purpose of this policy is to make education have same quality level. However, few problems then appear. This effort is not followed by balanced school distributions in some areas. For example in the ex administrative city of Purwokerto at the middle school level. From 28 schools, 9 schools are state-owned and 19 schools are private-owned. Moreover, the practice of this policy also gets pros and cons in several regions in Indonesia.
Keywords: Public Policy, Policy Implementation, Education, School Zoning Policy
Topic: Public Policy, Public Service and Sustainable Development