Comparative Study: Pitch Angle Variation for Making Power Curve and Search Maximum Power of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine
Langlang Gumilar (a), Arif Nur Afandi (a), Quota Alief Sias (a), Wahyu Sapto Nugroho (a), Mokhammad Sholeh (a), Achmad Gunawan (a)
a) Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jalan Semarang 5, Malang 65145, Indonesia
Abstract
To convert wind energy into electrical energy, an intermediary in the form of a turbine and generator is needed. Wind turbines consist of several types such as horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWT) and vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT). The main focus of this research is the maximum power that can be generated by the horizontal axis wind turbine by varying its pitch angle. Some important parameters that influence value of turbine power are wind speed, turbine rotation speed, blade number, pitch angle, and power coefficient (CP). Variation pitch angle from 0, 10, 20, 30, dan 40. Pitch angle affects lifting force of the horizontal axis wind turbine to rotate, just as in the lift force of the aircraft. For input wind speeds ranging from 0 m/s to 20 m/s. If the wind speed more than 20 m/s, then the wind cannot be utilized and can be said to be disaster. Input of turbine rotation speed starts from 0 rpm to 50 rpm. The axes used to make power curves in 3 dimensions are the wind speed axis, turbine rotation speed axis, and power axis. From this curve, we will find the maximum power that can be produced by horizontal wind turbines. The difference in pitch angle on the turbine will produce different power. Increase in wind speed will increase the power of wind turbines. In this study using maximum wind speed of 20 m/s, so that at maximum wind speed will obtained maximum wind turbine power. For horizontal axis wind turbines with pitch angle of 0, maximum power 1608,45 W is produced at 32 rpm wind turbine rotor rotation speed. At 10 pitch angle, maximum power 1510,28 W is produced at 32 rpm turbine rotor rotation speed. At 20 pitch angle, maximum power 1398,65 W is produced at the turbine rotational speed 33 rpm. On the pitch angle 30, the maximum power 1286,75 W is produced at the turbine rotor rotation speed 33 rpm. The pitch angle 40 produces maximum power 1148,89 W at turbine rotor rotational speed 34 rpm. From all simulation results it was concluded that increase of pitch angle, maximum power produced by the turbine will decrease.
Keywords: Pitch Angle, HAWT, Power, Power Coeficient, Tip Speed Ratio
Topic: Renewable Energy