GOVERNMENT RESPONSIBILITY AS THE MAIN STAKEHOLDER IN TOURISM DEVELOPMENT_LITERATURE REVIEW ON HERITAGE TOURISM
Rieke Retnosary a, Nor Zafir Bt Md Salleh b
ab Fakulti Azman Hashim International Business School, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
retnosary[at]graduate.utm.my
zafir[at]utm.my
Abstract
Currently, the economic growth of some countries contributions by the vast development of the tourism sector and the development of a heritage site is one of the offers. Many tourists were aware of the citys status as a world heritage site that encompasses a historic center, monuments, and architectural buildings. One of tourist motivation can be heritage site perception with finding is indicate a distinct relationship between tourists- perceptions of the site relative to their heritage and motivation for visiting the site. The interpretation of authenticity is essential for the marketing and management of heritage attractions because existential authenticity is an antecedent to tourists- loyalty toward heritage sites. There are many problems or constraints from the process in tourism because of low control and lack of responsibility. Government still pay less attention to long term development which is policies is one of the barrier problems and sometimes not in democratic solution. Low level of involvement in the strategic planning in process and hierarchical top-down system also as a barrier needs to be attentive. Analyzed the problems, classification, and categorized 53 previous studies focused on heritage site has done. The study informed five elements correlation on tourism development and benefits as multiplier effects in tourism categories. The elements mentioned the tourist need and to be attracted, potential contribution, the constraints or problems in the process of visitation to the destination, stakeholders contributions and responsibility, and also strategic plan. The stakeholders contributions are the most significant element for taking responsibility, and the government as the main stakeholder who has to do the role of all process on heritage tourism development with policies and strategic plan to cover other elements. Government as the main stakeholder responsibility in processing on heritage tourism and with government hands can open partnership with other stakeholders (NGOs, Private, local community and visitors) to develop and then manage the heritage tourism easier. A proper process development then becomes sustainable, the outcome as a multiplier effect can obtain. This study will use in the future study at Tugu Kebulatan Proklamasi (TKP) in Rengasdengklok, Indonesia as a small site but have most histories for Indonesia independent, to put the government as the main stakeholder to investigate the implementing model of development with policy and strategic plan.
Keywords: Development of Heritage Site, Tourist, Responsibility, Government as Main Stakeholder, Policy and Strategic Planning
Topic: Hospitality and Tourism