Distribution and Morphological Diversity of Kepel (Stelechocarpus burahol) In The Yogyakarta Palace and Its Surroundings
Handayani, E. (1,3*), Nandariyah (1,2), V.R. Cahyani (1,2), Parjanto (1,2)
(1) Sebelas Maret University, Department of Agriculture Science, Graduated School, Surakarta, Indonesia
(2) Sebelas Maret University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agrotechnology, Surakarta, Indonesia
(3) Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agrotechnology, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Abstract
Indonesia is one of the megabiodiversity countries, but only about 25% of its biodiversity has been cultivated, and some of them are rare and endangered. One of the rare plants that is very useful and has the potential to be developed is kepel (Stelechocarpus burahol (Bl.) Hook. F. & Thomson). Kepel or Burahol is an identity plant of Yogyakarta Province, known as a palace plant and often used as natural perfume and biopharma. This research was conducted to obtain a map of kepel distribution and to identify the morphological characterization of kepel plants in the Yogyakarta Palace and its surroundings. The study was conducted using a survey method with the purpose of sampling in the Yogyakarta Palace and its surrounding area. The sample plants were kepel plants that have been fruitful. Each plant was observed, and the morphological parameters measured included stem, leaf, and canopy. Observation variables according to the description for Annonaceae plants were based on Bioversity International, International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI) in 2008. Data from observations were presented in the form of scoring, then analyzed to assess the similarity matrix using SIMQUAL (Similarity for Qualitative Data) procedures. Grouping of matrix data (cluster analysis) and making dendograms was done by the Unweigthed Pair-Group Method Arithmetic Average (UPGMA) method using numerical Taxonomic and Multivariate System (NTSYS) version 2.02i. The results showed that based on the map of kepel plant distribution in the Yogyakarta Palace and its surrounding, the diversity of vegetative character of plants was random, and there was no grouping for certain accessions. Based on the morphological characterization of kepel plants in the Yogyakarta Palace and its surrounding showed uniformity in the canopy shape and leaf edge shape, however, it had diversity in leaf shape, leaf base, leaf tip, leaf color, leaf length, leaf width, leaf stalk length, color stem and a number of branches. Based on the similarity of morphological characterization (canopy, stem, and leaf ), kepel plants in the Yogyakarta Palace and its surrounding can be grouped into three clusters with a similarity level of 0.5. Cluster A consists of 17 accessions, Cluster B consists of 23 accessions, while cluster C consists of 6 accessions. The diversity of morphological characterization of kepel in in the Yogyakarta Palace and its surrounding can be used for plant selection to improve traits. Keywords: burahol, characterization, diversity, phenotype.
Keywords: Burahol, characterization, diversity, phenotype.
Topic: International Conference on Sustainable Agriculture