Formulation And Antibacterial Activity Test Of Emulgel Containing Citronella Oil (Cymbopogon Nardus L.) with Variaton of Gelling Agent Carbomer
Dian Ermawati, Raditya Weka Nugraheni, Nia Zuardina, Meilya Hayyu Saputri
Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
Abstract
Background: Citronella oil is the most active oil against Propionibacterium acnes. An emulgel preparation is made on a carbomer base because it has better release properties of the active substance compared to other bases. Objective: to determine the emulgel variation with carbomer base 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% containing 2% Citronella Oil (Cymbopogon nardus L.) on the physical, chemical characteristic and the inhibition of Propionibacterium acnes bacteria growth . Methods: Emulgel with carbomer base made 3 formulations, namely F1 (0.5%), FII (1%), and FIII (1.5%) with citronella oil content of 2%. The physical characteristics of the organoleptic, viscosity, homogeneity, dispersal, emulsion type, pH and stability (real time and freeze thaw) tests were performed. Antibacterial testing using the well method. Result: The organoleptic tests on FI (0.5%), FII (1%), and FIII (1.5%) were soft, white and has lemongrass odor. The results of one way Anova statistic showed that there were not significantly different for pH, dispersion, stability (freeze thaw and real time). The viscosity test was significantly different. The diameter of the inhibition zone of each formula has a mean of formula 1 was of 12.65 mm formula 2 was 11.58 mm and formula 3 was 10.25 mm. Conclusion: The conclusion of this experimentally is the effect of variations in emulgel on the basis of 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% carbomers containing 2% Citronella Oil on the growth of Propionibacterium acnes bacteria has significant difference which means that increasing carbomer levels it can significantly reduce the zone of antibacterial inhibition.
Keywords: emulgel, citronella oil, Propionibacterium acnes, carbomer
Topic: Pharmaceutical Science