A facile synthesis of zirconium-doped lithium titanate (Li4Ti5O12) via solid state reactions for lithium ion battery applications
Ahmad Sohib (*), Slamet Priyono, Ilma Nuroniah, Achmad Subhan, Sherly Novia Sari, Wahyu Bambang Widayatno, and Bambang Prihandoko
Research Centre for Physics, Indonesian Institute of Sciences
Kawasan Puspiptek Serpong Gd. 442 Tangerang Selatan,
Banten 15314, Indonesia
*) asohib[at]outlook.com
Abstract
Lithium titanate is one of potential materials applied as anode material for energy storage device. The material however has poor electrical conductivity and inferior diffusion property. This study is aimed to synthesize LTO doped zirconium at titanium site to its properties and performance. In this work, a facile solid state reaction is employed to prepare Li4Ti5-xO12Zrx (x=0, 0.025, 0.05, and 0.075). Starting materials were stoichiometrically calculated and mixed by utilizing mortar for an hour than followed by calcination at 800oC for three hours. The XRD pattern reveals that lithium titanate was observed while some impurities such as rutile-TiO2 and zircon silicate still appear in all samples. The cell with LTOZr 0.05 provides the highest conductivity value of the assembled cells, 0.15 mS/cm. The CD test confirm that the highest capacity of the cells, 135.0 mAh/g, is achieved by the cell based LTOZr 0.05. In addition, CV measurement also exhibits that the current peak of the cells become sharper and the polarization degree become shorter as increasing amount of zirconium.
Keywords: lithium titanate; zirconium; Lithium ion battery
Topic: Material Science