Treatment Patterns of Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Children Under-Fives in Bogor, Indonesia
Anggita Bunga Anggraini(1*), Sundari Wirasmi(1)
(1) Center for Health Resources and Service Research and Development, National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia
*anggita_ba[at]yahoo.com
Abstract
Background: Irrational use of medicines has become a problem in health services, both in developed and developing countries.Treatment of Acute Respiratory Tract infections (ARTI) is not only dependent on antibiotics, but only with supportive treatment for cases caused by viruses. Purpose: This study aimed to determine treatment patterns for children under-five with ARTI in hospitals in Bogor, Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using medical records of patients under-five with ARTI in a government and a private hospital in Bogor in the period of January 1st through December 31st, 2015. Analysis was performed using Chi-square test. Results: There were 105 medical records collected from both hospitals. The pattern of ARTI-s outpatient treatments (n= 32) at private hospital were mucolytic (81.3%), decongestants (56.3%), antipyretic (43.8%), and antibiotics (6.3%). Meanwhile, the government hospital (n=8) used antibiotics (75%), antipyretics (50%) and mucolytic (50%). The pattern of ARTI-s inpatient treatments in private hospitals (n=27) were antibiotics (85.2%), antipyretic (63%), corticosteroids (33.3%), and mucolytics (25.9%). Otherwise, the government hospital (n=38) used antibiotics ( 92.1%), antipyretic (89.5% ), corticosteroids (31.6%) and mucolytics (71.1%). Factors affected outpatient treatment could not be traced because it lacked of clinical information and laboratory test results. Meanwhile, antibiotic use for inpatients in both hospitals were not related to blood leukocytes level and body temperature. Conclusion: This study showed that antibiotic use for ARTI in government hospital was relatively higher than private hospital. Antibiotics use for ARTI should consider clinical guideline to prevent antibiotic resistance.
Keywords: Acute respiratory tract infections, antibiotics, children, treatment
Topic: Communicable and Non Communicable Diseases