Tritepenoid Compounds from The Stem Bark of Melochia umbellate and Its Bioactivity
Usman1 and M. Nurdin2
1 Lecturer in Master Chemistry Education Study Program FKIP Mulawarman University Samarinda
2 Lecturer in Chemistry Department at FMIPA Islamic University Makassar
email: sainusman[at]ymail.com
Abstract
Abstract The purpose of this study was to isolate secondary metabolites compound, determine toxicity and antimicrobial activity from several extracts and isolate of compound from the bark of M. umbellate. The process of extraction, isolation, and purification of secondary metabolites compound from the stem bark of M. umbellate was carried out by maceration, chromatographic techniques, and crystallization and recrystallization. Toxicity test with BSLT method using Artemia salina, while antibacterial and antifungal tests with agar diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer diffusion). Based on the analysis of spectroscopic data; FTIR, UV-Vis, NMR (1D and 2D NMR), the compound isolates were identified as acid 3β-acetyl-olean-12-en-28-oat. Then the results of the toxicity test showed 3β-acetyl-olean-12-en-28-oat acid compounds, methanol extract, hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extract, were toxic to A. salina, but methanol extract had the highest toxicity to A. salina with LC50 169.863 ppm. Ethyl acetate extract and 3β-acetyl-olean-12-en-28-oat compounds, at a concentration of 1000 ppm, were able to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus with a inhibition zone >14 mm. Methanol extract also has a inhibitory effect on the growth of Candida albicans fungi with a diameter inhibition zona10, 48 mm. Whereas chloroform and hexane extracts showed a weak inhibition of bacteria and test fungi with a inhibition zone < 10.00 mm.
Keywords: Tritepenoid Compounds, Melochia umbellate, Bioactivity
Topic: Chemistry Education