BALI MŪLA COSMOLOGY: A CASE STUDY OF PURA PUCAK PANULISAN AS A GEBOG DOMAS CENTER IN KINTAMANI DISTRICT REGENCY OF BANGLI, BALI PROVINCE
I Nyoman Wardi
Archaeology Department Faculty of Arts, Udayana University
Abstract
This scientific paper aims to reveal the history and cosmological meaning of the Gebog Domas of the Bali Mūla community (Bali Aga) in the Kintamani District Region of Bangli, Bali Province. The study was conducted through data collection with observation techniques, in-depth interviews and literatures studies. The collected data were analyzed descriptive-qualitatively with the Cultural Semiotic and Ethnoarchaeological theories approaches. The study showed the following results. Gebog Domas is a picture of a cosmic-magical mandala and is the identity of the Bali Mūla / Bali Aga community (sub-cluster of Austronesian) in Kintamani District, Bangli Regency, Bali Province. The Gebog Domas cosmological concept which consists of four united Gebog Satak (Gebog Satak Sukawana, Kintamani, Selulung and Bantang) is thought to have originated from pre-Hindu (prehistoric) times. The concept of Gebog Domas, apparently later adopted in the Hindu political kingdom system in the latter times. In addition, during the Ancient Bali Period (IX-XIV centuries AD), the Pucak Bukit Panulisan site was also a state temple in mountain (uranisch) when the kuta rajya (royal city) was centered in Pejeng-Bedulu (now its territory includes the Regency of Gianyar). Cultural-Semiotically, the concept of Gebog Domas means: balance and harmony between microcosm-macrocosm. In the world view of local community (Bali Aga), the Gebog Domas, implicitly contained the meanings: rahayu (safety and health), social integrity, order and peace of life, conservation of the natural environment, fertility (productivity), prosperity (jagadhita) and finally expected to manifest in sustainable life. Now in the Postmodern era, the cultural wisdom embodied in the Gebog Domas cosmology is a challenge for local community (Bali-Indonesia) to preserve and implement in real life.
Keywords: cosmology, gebog domas, bali mūla, pucak panulisan
Topic: Culture