Stability, Validity, Internal Consistency Reliability, and Inter-rater Reliability of Behavioral Pain Scale Non-Intubated in Patients With Loss of Consciousness in High Care Unit of UNS Hospital
Faizal Muhammad
Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A Surakarta, Indonesia 57126
fowlisbyrne[at]gmail.com
Abstract
Background: Measuring pain in patients with loss of consciousness (LoC) is very important for the success of therapy, but the inability of patients to communicate encourages nurses to measure the degree of pain through observing pain responses in patients with LoC. To estimate the level of pain, Behavioral Pain Scale (BPS) was formulated by Payen in 2001 and an adaptation of BPS for non-intubated (BPS-NI) patients was developed by Chanques in 2009. Purpose: This study was aimed to investigate the stability, validity, internal consistency reliability, and inter-rater reliability of BPS-NI in LoC patients in High Care Unit (HCU) of UNS Hospital. Methods: In this descriptive prospective study, fifteen LoC patients were involved. Three raters measured pain in 15 non-intubated LoC patients during three conditions: confirmed in which level of consciousness is depressed but to a lesser extent than in coma, 12 hours and 3 days after first arriving at HCU. Results: The average score was 9,00 at first admission of patient and 8,93 at 12 hours after first arriving at HCU, using paired sample t-test p=0,32 indicates the stability of BPS-NI was verified. Validation study of three BPS-NI domains with Pearson correlation obtained r > 0.514 shows three domains of the BPS-NI were valid. Reliability analysis obtained Cronbach alpha value of 0.73 showed acceptable BPS-NI internal consistency. The BPS-NI inter-rater reliability analysis obtained the Cohen kappa coefficient of 0.71 which shows the result of a substantial agreement. Conclusion: Pain assessment using BPS-NI in patients with LoC has good stability, validity, internal consistency reliability, and inter-rater reliability. Keywords: Behavioral pain scale non-intubated, loss of consciousness, pain
Keywords: Behavioral pain scale non-intubated, loss of consciousness, pain
Topic: Nursing