In Vitro and In Silico Analysis of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity of Peanut (Arachis Hypogaea L.) Shell Ethanol Extract
Mieke Alvionita (a), Listiyana Candra Dewi (a), Subandi (a*) and Suharti (a)
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Negeri Malang
Jalan Semarang 5, Malang 65145, Indonesia
*subandi.fmipa[at]um.ac.id
Abstract
Gout is a common inflammatory arthritis caused by the formation of uric acid crystals in a joint. Due to their high prevalence in most countries, the discovery of gout treatment agent have gained many interests, mainly from natural resources. Some studies showed that bioactive product can replace the common gout medicine, allopurinol, which known have many negative effects. Thus, the aims of this study were to obtained ethanol extract of peanut shell, to determine their inhibitory activity toward xanthine oxidase (XO) and to determine the inhibitory activity of predicted compounds using in silico study. There are 4 steps in this work, namely: (1) ethanol extraction of bioactive compounds from peanut shell, (2) phytochemical analysis, (3) in vitro analysis as XO inhibitor and (4) in silico study of predicted bioactive compounds from peanut shell as XO inhibitor. The results had shown that Arachis hypogaea L. epidermis extract contained tannins, polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids, whereas their outer peel extract have the same contents, except tannin. At the same concentration (100 ppm), the inhibition activity of epidermis and peanut shells extract towards XO were equivalent to 12 and 14 ppm of allopurinol, respectively. According to the previous study, the bioactive compounds in the peanut shell were luteolin, 5,7-dihydroxychromone, and eriodictyol. Our in silico analysis has revealed that each of those compunds has binding affinity higher than allopurinol has.
Keywords: Arachis hypogaea L. shell; xanthine oxidase inhibitor; in vitro and in silico analysis
Topic: HEALTH, NUTRITION AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY