Identification of Key Species and Damage to Coral Reefs on Gili-Noko Bawean Island
Agus Dharmawan 1 a), Abiyyu Rahmawan 2 , Anisa Meilia Ashoffi 3
a) Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and natural science, State University of Malang
Semarang street no. 5, Malang 65145, East Java Indonesia
Abstract
Bawean is an island with 11,872 ha of area, located about 140 km from Gresik Districts, East Java. Bawean become one of the marine tourism destinations, especially in Noko island which one of the small island areas lived by ± 700 peoples. Noko island located 4 km east from Bawean surrounded by coral reefs. Ship traffic and fishing activities by local communities potentially damage the coral reefs ecosystem. The study aims to determine the key species and identify the extent of coral reefs damage. The study was descriptive explorative using Belt Transects as far as 150 meters from the farthest coral reefs boundary in two different locations. Data analyzed by Important Value Index and standard criteria damage for the coral reefs. The results was found 87 coral reef species and covering at location 1 was 10.41% /m2 with category 5. Location 2 was 92% /m2 with category 5 and according to the standard criteria damage to coral reefs was on very good category. Acropora palifera is the key species with the highest density and frequency, location 1 with density of 10.41% and frequency 98%, location 2 by 18.5% density with frequency 93%.
Keywords: Reefs, Important Value, Damage, Gili - Noko Bawean Island
Topic: Bioconservation