Inheritance of Morphological Characters of Soybean Leaves, Pods, and Seeds
Dasriani (a), Siti Zubaidah (a), Heru Kuswantoro (b)
(a) Biology Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang No. 5, Malang 65145, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
(b) Indonesian Legume and Tuber Crops Research Institute, Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development. Jl. Raya Kendalpayak Km. 8 Malang 65101, East Java, Indonesia
Abstract
A character that is inherited from parents to offspring is influenced by gene action. Genes that control plant character can be influenced by additive, epistatic or dominant gene action. The purpose of this study was to determine the inheritance of the morphological characters of leaves, pods and soybean seeds through analysis of gene action and the number of genes in F2 populations of UM 3.2 x Argomulyo and UM 6.1 x Burangrang cross. The experiment was carried out at Indonesian Legume and Tuber Crops Research Institute (Iletri) Kendalpayak, Malang, Indonesia. Estimating the gene action and the number of genes was done by measuring the value of skewness and kurtosis. The suitability of inheritance patterns was analyzed by using the chi-square test. The results showed that the character of leaf length, leaf width, pod thickness and seed hilum length in the UM 3.2 x Argomulyo cross were influenced by the additive genes action with complementary epistatic influences while the character of the petiol length, pod length, pod width, seed length, seed width, and seed thickness was affected by additive gene action with duplicate epistatic effects. In UM 6.1 x Burangrang cross, the characters of leaf width, pod thickness, seed width, seed thickness and length of seed hilum were influenced by the additive genes action with complementary influences while the characters of leaf length, petiole length, pod length, pod width, and seed length were influenced by additives gene action with duplicate epistatic influence. The characters of petiol length, pod length, pod width, pod thickness, seed length, seed width, and seed hilum length were controlled by many genes.
Keywords: gene actions, number of genes, morphological of soybean
Topic: Botany