Effect of Sintering Temperature on Structure and Morphology of Ca0.95La0.02Bi0.03MnO3 Perovskite Manganite Prepared by Sol-Gel Method
Umar Faruq(a), Budhy Kurniawan (a*)
a) Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
*budhy.kurniawan[at]sci.ui.ac.id
Abstract
The effect of sintering temperature on the structure and morphology of Ca0.95La0.02Bi0.03MnO3 was investigated by X-ray diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy. The sample was prepared by sol-gel method. Their homogeneity was confirmed using X-ray diffraction. Rietveld refinement of X-Ray diffraction results showed that the sample sintered at 1100 C for 12 h are single phase and have an orthorhombic structure with Pnma space group. While the samples were sintered at 900 C and 1000 C did not show a single phase due to another peak is found. For the lattice parameter, crystal volume increases with increasing sintering temperature. The largest crystal volume was reached at sintering temperature 1100 C which is equal to 208.535 Å. For the angle of the Mn-O-Mn bond, the sample was sintered at 1000 C has the largest value obtained 152.778 (deg) while at 1100 C is 152.702 (deg) and 900 C is 151.652 (deg). For the average Mn-O bond length shows relatively the same value for all sintering temperature. Scanning Electron Microscopy was used to study the morphology of the materials, grain size increases with increasing sintering temperature.
Keywords: CaMnO3, Sintering temperature, Sol-gel method, Lattice parameter
Topic: Material Science