Process Development for the Enrichment of Curcuminoids in Extract of Ionic Type of NADES: Choline Chloride-Citric Acid
O Rachmaniah, M R Muhsin, A P Widya, and M Rachimoellah
Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
Abstract
Curcuminoids have been successfully extracted from Curcuma zeodaria powder with Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) as solvent. Ionic types of NADES such choline chloride-citric acid-water (CCCA-H2O = 1:1:18, mole ratio) and choline chloride-malic acid-water (CCMA-H2O = 1:1:18, mole ratio) gave the highest yield of extracted curcuminoids, ca. 0.270±0.025 and 0.355±0.055 mg/g respectively for CCCA and CCMA. However, the final product of the extracted curcuminoids is mixed in the NADES matrix. Hence, a separation process by means a recrystallization is mandatory. Isopropanol-n-hexane in different variance of volume (1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2, 2:1, and 2.5:1 v/v) are observed as a solvent in the proposed recrystallization process as well as the solubility of either of solely choline chloride or curcuminoids in both isopropanol and n-hexane. Unfortunately, either of CCCA-H2O (1:1:18) or CCMA-H2O (1:1:18) and curcuminoids form a new mixture of NADES with isopropanol. Therefore, all the of polar constituents of NADES, i.e. choline chloride, citric acid/malic acid, and water, should be first removed before recrystallized. Isopropanol-ne-hexane (1:2, v/v) give the highest recovery of curcuminoids ca. 55.56% by recrystallization process. Whereas solid-phase extraction (SPE) C18 resin methods seem suitable for removing the polar constituents of NADES.
Keywords: Enrichment, Curcuminoids, NADES, Recrystallization, Solid Phase Extraction
Topic: Chemical Engineering