Respiratory Rate Extraction Based on Plethysmographic Wave Analysis
Sugondo Hadiyoso(a*), Ervin Masita Dewi (b,c), Tati Latifah E. R. Mengko (b), Hasballah Zakaria (b)
(a*) Bandung Institute of Technology and Telkom University
(b) Bandung Institute of Technology
(c) Bandung State Polytechnic
Abstract
Respiratory rate (RR) is one of the vital parameters of a persons health. In certain conditions such as patients with respiratory problems or heart who are in the treatment room, respiratory rate monitoring is carried out continuously. In health care centers such as hospitals, RR measurements use a bed side monitor. However, this device is not yet widely available in small scale health services such as Community Health Centers (Puskesmas) because this device is expensive. One alternative for RR extraction is through plethysmographic wave analysis measured using a photopletismograph (PPG) device. This is based on the hypothesis that breathing affects the dynamics of PPG wave amplitude modulation so that by extracting this information we can know the respiratory rate. PPG devices are widely available in small health services because of their low prices. Meanwhile, PPG is only used to measure heart rate and oxygen saturation. In this study, a method for extracting RR information is proposed by analyzing PPG waves. Two methods, namely empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and variational mode decomposition (VMD), are applied to obtain respiratory oscillation information. The aim is to get the most optimum method for RR extraction. The performance test of the two proposed methods was carried out through time-frequency domain transformation using Fast Fourier Transform. The method used in this study is expected to be applied to conventional PPG devices.
Keywords: EMD; PPG; respiration rate; VMD
Topic: Biomedical, Robotic and ICT engineering