Development of biodegradable plastic made from recycling of polypropylene (PP) with corn stalks powder Agus Dwi Anggono, Agung Setyo Darmawan, Wijianto, Condro Prasojo
Mechanical Engineering Department, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
Abstract
In Indonesia, plastic waste production was at the second rank in domestic waste. It was produced around 5.4 million tons per year. It became national issues, due to Indonesia was the second biggest country after China that poisoning the sea with plastic. The objectives of the study are to develop biodegradable plastic composite and to investigate the mechanical characteristic and water absorption. It was made from polypropylene (PP) mixed with corn stalks powder. In this study, the weight fraction of polypropylene and powder was varied as 95%: 5%; 90%: 10%; 85%: 15%. For the water absorption test, the specimens were soaked in the water for 1, 7, and 14 days. The highest value of the tensile test was delivered from a specimen of 95%:5% weight fraction. The tensile test of the soak specimen for 0, 1, 7, 14 days was obtained 17,41 MPa, 16,94 MPa, 16,11 MPa, 13,51 MPa respectively. The strain was 1.07%, 1.19%, 1.01%, 0.87%. The modulus of elasticity was 1686,74 MPa, 1500,42 MPa, 1712,1 MPa, 1558,49 MPa. By adding the powder to the plastic, it was able to absorb water. The water absorption after 1, 7, and 14 days of water soak was 0.607%, 1.468%, and 4.651% respectively. The specimen of biodegradable plastic composites with a 95%: 5% ratio have compatible characteristics with commercial plastics and can be degraded easier.
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