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A qualitative study to explore the perception of patients towards Dietary Javanese Culture
Mahendro Prasetyo Kusumo4,5, Julita Hendrartini2, Zaenal Muttaqien Sufro3, Fatwa Sari Tetra Dewi1

1Department of Health Behaviour, Environment and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
2Department of Health Policy and Management Faculty of Medicine, Publich Health and Nersing Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
3Departement of Physiology Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
4Department of Public Health, Universitas Muhamadiyah Yogyakarta, Indonesia
5Master of Hospital Management, Postgraduate Program, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Indonesia


Abstract

Background: This study aims to explore patient-s perceptions about dietary control, including barriers in blood glucose controlling of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients in the majority of the Javanese population. Method: This study used qualitative design. The researchers conducted a Focus Group Discussion Session (FGD) in primary health care. Most participants were Javanese. The FGD was used to get answers about questions related to the participants diet in Javanese culture, including challenges and their actions to control blood glucose. Results: Fourteen DM type 2 patients- age were 18-70 years old with Javanese culture experienced dissection. Participants were mostly female (n: 9), and the distribution pattern showed all participants were Javanese (n: 14). When the researchers asked some participants from low socioeconomic status about food control, they explained that food served when visiting people-s houses could not be refused, including fried food. Some patients had a culture of having to eat all the food served. Conclusion: People with DM type 2 have the perception that to respect the host, they must eat the food served. Practical implications: This study explores patient perspectives on food control in the Javanese population. Background In 2048, the International Diabetes Federation estimates an increase in the number of DM by 48%. In 2017, Indonesia ranked in the top five of DM in the world (1). Based on the 2018 Basic Health Research report, Yogyakarta was in the 3rd rank with the highest number of DM sufferers in Indonesia (2). Indonesia is one of the countries with the highest mortality due to DM (1,3). The high number of deaths causes economic impacts due to the loss of productivity and high medical costs (4). DM is one of the four main factors of death due to non-contagious diseases (1,3). The DM management recommendation emphasizes improving the quality of life by maintaining the blood sugar level, the blood pressure, and the bodyweight within the normal limits. Controlling the diet, keeping exercise, and using the drugs routinely can help control the blood sugar level (1,5–7). The food pyramid is one method that can help patients in choosing foods based on existing food content. The food pyramid explains that people should consume processed wheat products because they have more nutrients and fiber. Fiber will help stabilize the blood sugar levels and encourage the intestinal function (8,9). Diabetes Mellitus (DM) can increase the risk of heart disease, so it is recommended to choose products that contain lots of omega-3 derived from grains (8,10). Diet control has an essential role in controlling the blood sugar level (1,5) and preventing overweight or obesity (11). DM patients should avoid sugar, sweet, and fatty foods (5,12). Yogyakarta is a region that still maintains the ancient tradition, but also embraces the new behavior due to the effects of globalization and immigration. It-s a regi

Keywords: dietary control, DM type 2, Javanese culture

Topic: Public Health Issue

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/EqdnKcmxhvTu

Conference: The 4th International Conference of Hospital Administration (ICHA 2019)

Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Mahendro Prasetyo Kusumo)

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