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This study aims to obtain information regarding the influence of prerequisite concepts understanding and mathematical communication skills on the mathematical proving ability of Mathematics Education Program Students in Faculty of Mathematics and Science, State University of Jakarta (FMIPA UNJ). The method used in this study was survey and correlational techniques. The study population was all students of the Mathematics Education Program FMIPA UNJ in 2018. The study sample was taken with a simple random sampling technique, there was 50 students in total. In this study, the dependent variable was mathematical proving ability and the independent variables were the prerequisite concepts understanding and mathematical communication skills. Study based on the inferential statistical analysis of research data by using multiple regression analysis to test the effect of independent variables on the dependent variables. The results obtained were: 1) the prerequisite concepts understanding had a positive effect on mathematical proving ability, and there was significant correlation by controlling mathematical communication skills; 2) mathematical communication skills had a positive effect on mathematical proving ability, and there was significant correlation by controlling the prerequisite concepts understanding; 3) there was a correlation of simultaneous prerequisite concepts understanding and mathematical communication skills toward mathematical proving ability.