Alkaloid Extraction From Papaya Leaves Using Ultrasonic Wave Aal Azwa, Dini Handayani, Retno Sulistyo Dhamar Lestari, Denni Kartika Sari
Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa
Abstract
Papaya leaves contain chemical compounds that can be used as biopesticides. Alkaloids are compounds in papaya leaves that have biological activities and function as protectors of plants from pests and the environment. So it is necessary to do research on the content of alkaloids to be used as material for further studies in the utilization of chemical compounds in papaya leaves. Besides alkaloids, papaya leaves also contain flavonoids and tannins. This study aims to determine the levels of alkaloids, flavonoids and tannins from papaya leaf extract qualitatively and quantitatively. Extraction of papaya leaves was carried out with the aid of ultrasonic waves using 96% ethanol and water solvents for 5,10,15,20 and 25 minutes, then dried using an oven to obtain powder extract. The extract obtained was tested qualitatively using reagents that were in accordance with the test parameters and functional group analysis using the infrared spectrum. Whereas for the quantitative test on alkaloid compounds using the gravimetric method, tannin compounds and flavonoids using the UV-visible spectrophotometric method. Infrared spectrum analysis showed that papaya leaves contained alkaloids, flavonoids and tannins. Qualitative test results showed positive papaya leaves containing alkaloid compounds characterized by the presence of brick red deposits, flavonoids characterized by the formation of red color, tannins are characterized by blackish green. Qualitative test results showed that the highest alkaloid content in this study was produced at 25 minutes extraction time with 96% ethanol, which was 5.75% in 1.5 grams of extract, the largest flavanoid content was produced at water solvent extraction at 10 minutes, 2, 4088%, the highest tannin content was produced by extracting with ethanol solvent at 20 minutes, which is 0.5341%
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