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Rock-bursts, which are usually collapsed, caved-in, or sealed off instantaneously, cause risks to mine safety and production. Approximately 85% of rock-bursts happen in roadways when the elastic complementary energy accumulated in the rock exceeds the minimum kinetic energy associated with damage to the surrounding rock. The greater the difference between the elastic complementary energy and the minimum kinetic energy, the more likely the rock-burst is. According to the mechanism of roadway destruction by rock-bursting, a strong-soft-strong (3S) structural model to prevent rock-bursts from occurring was established and analysed. The result showed that the 3S structural model encompassed: the strength characteristics of the structure itself, stress adjustment, wave absorption, deformation and anti-deformation, energy consumption, etc. Stress criterion and energy rule for the small inner support structure destroyed by rock-bursting were deduced. Finally, based on the 3S model, the engineering application was theoretically discussed; several techniques such as decreasing shock energy, deploying adequate soft structures, and improving support strength were proposed to prevent roadway destruction by rock-bursts.