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This study investigates the use of biodiesel (pangium edule reinw and cocos nucifera) in diesel engines as alternative fuels. A direct injection diesel engine was simulated via a thermodynamic cycle model for investigation. Thermodynamic and performance parameters and compared for diesel, biodiesel (pangium edule reinw and cocos nucifera) fuels at two different states. The results showed that pangium edule reinw and cocos nucifera presented a lower cylinder temperature and pressure, and thus a lower engine performance than diesel fuel for the equal injection conditions. The brake power declines about 29.3% and 28.2% at 3200 rpm while brake specific fuel consumption increases about 34.3% and 19.8% at 2200 rpm for pangium edule reinw and cocos nucifera, respectively. Engine performance for pangium edule reinw and cocos nucifera, respectively. extensively improves for the same equivalence ratio condition, but a more amount of fuel is needed about 44% for cocos nucifera and 36% for pangium edule reinw. The gains in the brake power by cocos nucifera and pangium edule reinw are about 13.6% and 6% at 3200 rpm compared to diesel fuel. The brake specific fuel consumption is also higher about 42.2% for cocos nucifera and 24.3% for pangium edule reinw than diesel fuel. The brake thermal efficiency for pangium edule reinw and cocos nucifera is generally better than diesel fuel.