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This study aims to identify students preconceptions about the artificial muscle context as a basis for developing didactic designs in learning the artificial muscles context and its relevance with chemical content in Senior High Schools. This study uses a descriptive method presented quantitatively and qualitatively, using essay tests which number 20 items related to 7 discourses about artificial muscles. Participants in this study were 28 students from one of the Senior High Schools in the city of Bandung. The results of data analysis showed that 71% of students had preconceptions that are low in understanding in the form of students- low understanding in linking their chemical concepts with artificial muscle context. The results of this preconception identification will be used as a consideration in developing didactic design with the aim of connecting the artificial muscle context as an application of science and technology to chemistry learning in schools.