Indonesia Conference Directory

Abstract Morally, employing Performance-Enhancing Medicines (PEMs) in sports simply is repudiated. Yet, taking these medicines in sports competitions is associated with legal consequences. Hitherto, because of rapid advances in the genetic modification technologies, it is feared that these therapeutic technologies and many others have been applied to athletes (e.g., to prevent Myostatin from incapacitating muscles groups). The taking and giving performance-enhancing medicine, not just against ethics, but actually, these acts break the laws because of the dangerous side effects of the drugs that they comprise of. The main problems of this study are the absence of the Penal Code which can legally address the actions of doping and Gene doping in many countries. Another problem is the lack of laboratory screening methods that can ratify the occurrence of gene modifications. The main objective of this study is to examine the legal theory of the development of panel disciplinary or penal liability for doping and Gene doping.