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Conservation Agriculture improved soil fertility and maize yield in the Tropical Semi Arid of South Lombok, Indonesia
Sukartono, Lestari Ujianto, Lolita Endang, S, Bambang Hari Kusumo, Ismail Yasin, Bambang Dipo Kusumo, Kisman, Sutresna, and Fahruddin

Faculty of Agriculture University of Mataram


Abstract

The implementation of conservation agriculture involve minimum soil disturbance, permanent soil cover through crop residues and cover crops is good sound for improve soil fertility status and achieving higher crop productivity. A field experiment with split plots design in which conservation-soil tillage practices as main plots and beans cover crops intercropped to maize as sub plots were tested in rainfed agriculture area of South Lombok. Four soil tillage practices comprise of: P1: Direct dibbling, no tillage; P2: Soil ripping; P3: Permanent planting holes and P0: conventional intensive tillage. Beans cover crops were: C0 = no cover crop; C1 = lab-lab; C2 = cowpea; C3 = hybrid bean; C4 = Velvet bean (Mucuna sp). These were intercropped to maize as main crop. The results showed that conservation agriculture base maize with treatments of reduce tillage practices and legume cover crops improved the soil fertility including bulk density, C-org, N, P and K, and CEC. The highest soil fertility status was recorded at P3 and subsequently followed by P2 and P1. Overall, Reduced tillage practices particularly P3 with cowpea and hybrid beans as intercropped significantly increased the maize yield of 51%. Cover crop of lablab and vegetable bean have a significant effect on weight of maize fresh biomass and weight of ear, while cowpea and lablab bean have a significant effect on weight of maize dry seeds. Maize yields with CA approach average 9.95 ton per ha higher than the conventional system 7.21 ton ha-1.

Keywords: conservation agriculture, tillage practices, legume crops

Topic: Environmental Engineering

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/QZdkfUyL3WDh

Conference: The 4th Annual Applied Science and Engineering Conference (AASEC 2019)

Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Sukartono Sukartono)

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