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Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. known as temulawak, Javanese ginger or Javanese turmeric, is a plant species, belonging to the ginger family. This plant is originated from Indonesia, more specifically from Java island, and usually used as medicine. It contain high amount of phenolic compound namely curcumin. Supercritical carbondioxide extraction technique was employed to extract curcumin from temulawak. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of temperature, pressure and CO2 flow rate to extraction yield and curcumin recovery from C. xanthorrhiza Roxb. extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide and cosolvent ethanol. Box-Behken Design (BBD) experimental design and response surface methodology (RSM) were used to optimize extraction yield and curcumin recovery. The extraction conditions at temperature of 40oC, pressure of 25 MPa and CO2 flow rate of 5.34 ml/min produced the optimum extraction yield of 10.4% and curcumin recovery of 3.2%. From FTIR analysis, although physical-chemical structure in starting material an residue almost similar, but the quantity of all functional grups in residue decreased from the starting material. From SEM analysis, it was confirmed that the cell was broken due to high pressure effect and finally the material structure was altered.