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Abstract Keywords: Political change, Identity, legal framework The paper will focus on the current identity of Pesantren educational system. It has been the belief that the changing political circumstances have had a significant impact on the educational reform on Indonesian educational system, including legal framework for Pesantren (Islamic boarding school) educational system. In other words, within political change during president Jokowi regime opened a political opportunity for civil society group, to express their political, social and educational ideal more openly. This study indicates that in the president Jokowi era, the Indonesian government has made an effort to develop and pays more attention to pesantren educational system. By using to the cultural-intellectual history and the social constructionist perspective, it seems an educational system is not something taken for granted; it is constructed by certain political condition to develop the education system as an integral, reciprocal of the whole system which based on shared values. The implications of political condition are important because they contribute to construct legal framework and stability of educational performance of pesantren as an educational system.