STUDY OF NUTRIENT REMOVAL IN BRASSICA OLERACEAE CULTIVATION OF ORGANIC FARMING SYSTEM, SEMI ORGANIC AND CONVENTIONAL IN BATUR, GETASAN - SEMARANG REGENCY Damasus Riyanto 1), Sukristiyonubowo 2), Sutardi 1) dan Sugeng Widodo 1)
1) Yogyakarta Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology Stadion Maguwoharjo Street No. 22, Karangsari, Wedomartani Ngemplak–Sleman
2) Indonesian Soil Research Institute Tentara Pelajar Street No. 12 Cimanggu-Bogor
Abstract
Excessive use of chemical fertilizers and long harvest time are problems faced by farmers in cultivation of broccoli (Brassica oleraceae). Excessive use of chemicals has the disadvantage of increasing control costs, increasing the death of non-target organisms and reducing environmental quality. Broccoli plants require essential nutrient requirements for maximum growth and yield. The use of organic fertilizer is one way to increase the growth and yield of broccoli plants, because it does not contain harmful elements (such as heavy metal elements or degerous chemicals) that can pollute the surrounding environment. Broccoli vegetable cultivation in organic farming systems is a way of agricultural cultivation that relies on natural ingredients or inputs without using chemicals. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of N, P and K nutrient removal on broccoli cultivation of organic, semi-organic and conventional farming systems in Batur village, Getasan district, Semarang Regency. This study uses a Completely Randomized Block Design with 3 treatments, namely organic, semi-organic and conventional farming systems. Each treatment was repeated 5 times in which the local farmers land was repeated. The research method uses survey methods in soil and plant sampling on organic, semi-organic and conventional farming systems of broccoli cultivation with a harvest age of 4. 6, 8 and 10 weeks. Observation of soil analysis properties before the experiment included: soil pH, N-total, C-organic, P-total and P-available, K-total and K-available, CEC soil, Bulk Density, Particle Density of soil and Percentage of total porosity. As plant growth parameters are broccoli plant height and the amount of broccoli leaves while broccoli yields are carried out from the age of 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks after planting. While the analysis of N, P and K nutrient removal were determined when the plants was reached 10 weeks old. The results of this study showed that the chemical and physical properties of the soil in organic broccoli cultivation were better than in semi-organic and conventional farming systems, which proved that pH, C organic, total N, P-available and K-available were extracted with 25% HCl has a higher value, while the physical properties which are particle density and bulk density has a lower value. It means that the soil structure is crumb and not easily flooded. Growth and production of fresh broccoli at 10 weeks by an organic farming system is better than in semi-organic and conventional farming systems, which is evident from the N and K nutrients removal that they have more highest 38,85% of N and 20,13% of K nutrient uptake, respectivelly and significantly level than in conventional farming system especially in the leaves of broccoli plant.
Keywords: Chemical fertilizers, Nutrients removal, Land quality, Broccoli productivity
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