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This study was conducted at Bua Ponrang and South Larompong, Luwu, South Sulawesi. This study aims to identify the cocoa cultivation characteristics and analyze the loss of income due to inappropriate input of fertilizer at the study sites. In this study, firstly, the data of cultivation characteristics and economic variables (productivity, market price, mixed costs) were collected from 112 farmers using a well-structured questionnaire. Then, the economic analysis was carried out by using NAIL (Net Agricultural Loss Income) analysis to evaluate the loss of income. The results showed that most of the local farmers were prone to use mixed cultivars (M01, S1, S2, 45 BB) as entres, mixed cropping system, 3 x 3 planting distance, and inorganic fertilizer input, and the majority of plant pests and diseases were Conomorpha cramerella, VSD, and rotten disease. The loss of income per productivity (t/ha) in Bua Ponrang were ranging from Rp.5,521,623 to Rp.12,360,859 respectively, while in South Larompong were ranging from Rp.7,313,180 to 10,885,499 respectively.