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The problem of water resources consists of three things the availability, using, and management.This problem is increasingly along with water pollution and climate change. To solve the problem not only needs high level of formal education but also indigenous knowledge that already exists in the community. One of the indigenous knowledge in Besemah-Semende is about water conservation. This study uses a descriptive qualitative research design with a semi-structured interview to explores the understanding of the Besemah people regarding indigenous knowledge about water resources conservation. The object of research is the Besemah Tribe people who live in three sub-districts in the Semendo region. The study was found that indigenous knowledge of Semende to keep the water resources in two form, that is tebat and tambat aiek. Tebat is natural or artificial temporary basin to collect water reservoir from a mountain spring in the village for irrigating rice fields, raising fish, bathing and even washing clothes. For the sake of maintaining the sustainability of the water in the basin, there are several unwritten regulations regarding the use of tebat, such as not being used to dispose of garbage and dirt, maintaining the source of spate water by keeping the forest around the spring source. Tambat aiek is an indigenous knowledge to keep utilizing the water as long as the water is still flowing(for example from a spring, to the public debate, to the debate to keep fish, to the rice field, to the fish pond to the rice field even to the mini power station and so on). If the water discharge can no longer be used then they will drain it into the river. In order to maintain tebat and tambak aiek, they created a water keeper called the datuk aiek and bubut tebat. Datuk aiek are the custode the flow of water in tambat aiek meanwhile bubut tebat is a way to fixing damaged basin as well as harvesting fish in the basin. To protect tebat from the bad people, they using pamali culture by loading pyrotechnics from elders or pioneers of the establishment of tebat. The findings of this research using for teaching material in enviromental changing at science teaching and learning