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The study aims to identify poverty conditions and the implementation of poverty alleviation programs in Central Java, especially in Kab. Wonosobo and Kab. Grobogan, analyze alternative priorities for poverty alleviation programs and community-based poverty alleviation strategies.This study used the mix method (quantitative and qualitative approaches). Data collected includes primary and secondary data. Research respondents included TKPKD, local goverment institution, rural government officials, public figure and poor families. Data analysis using AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) and ISM (Intrepretative Structural Modeling).The results show that Kab. Grobogan is more faced with infrastructure problems that affect access to basic facilities. The low level of education and sanitation of the people in Kab Wonosobo is influenced by cultural-influenced community behavior. A lot of program is not on target, it needs the strong commitment of the Government to update the poverty data. Empowerment-based poverty reduction is constrained by incompatibility with the potential of the local community and environment, product marketing, capital and infrastructure. The priority alternatives for poverty alleviation programs in Kab. Grobogan are entrepreneurship training, cash-intensive work and assistance in providing production factors. In Kab. Wonosobo priority focus on the distribution of labor, improvement of regional health insurance and training of prospective workers in BLK (vocational training center). Empowerment based poverty reduction strategies in Kab. Grobogan is influenced by limited infrastructure, lack of quality technical staff and unclear community empowerment regulations as the main constraints, human resources, cross-sectoral collaboration, presence of assistants, control of agricultural land as program needs, development of technology and science and technology in agriculture, animal husbandry and small micro enterprises as program objectives, agreement on implementation rules as activities needed for action planning, related institution an element of the institutions involved in implementing the empowerment program. Kab. Wonosobo is influenced by lack of government responsibility as a major obstacle, and the Central and Provincial Governments as elements of the institutions involved in implementing empowerment programs.