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Asexual propagation of two sea anemone taxa for Banggai cardinalfish microhabitat enhancement
Abigail Mary Moore a)*, Inayah Yasir b), Rohani Ambo-Rappe b), Samliok Ndobe c), Jamaluddin Jompa b)

a) Doctoral Program in Fisheries Science, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
* abigail[at]pasca.unhas.ac.id
b) Marine Science Department, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
c) Aquaculture Study Program, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Fisheries, Tadulako University, Palu 94118, Indonesia


Abstract

The iconic symbiosis with clownfish is not the only sea anemone-fish association. Several tropical sea anemones provide microhabitat for the Endangered (IUCN Red List) Banggai cardinalfish Pterapogon kauderni. Microhabitat loss from declining sea anemone populations is a serious threat to native P. kauderni populations or evolutionarily significant units (ESUs). One measure advocated to maintain and rehabilitate these P. kauderni ESUs is to restore microhabitat abundance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of asexual propagation of wild anemone broodstock with subsequent release. Two species with which P. kauderni commonly associates (Heteractis crispa and Entacmaea quadricolor) were identified through field surveys. Parent anemones were bisected, cutting through the centre of the oral disc. Propagules (half anemones) were placed in empty clam shells as hard substrate. Treatments provided different levels of protection from potential predators, in aquaria (P. kauderni present/absent), concrete tanks (P. kauderni and Diadema urchins excluded/not excluded) or in a net cage on natural substrate (fish and invertebrate fauna including P. kauderni and Diadema setosum). The cut edges of sectioned anemones joined together within seconds, with wounds typically healing in around 7 days and joins hard to see after 3-4 weeks. Growth was faster and long-term survival higher in the net cage compared to tanks for uncovered and covered anemones. The results indicate potential for this propagation method in the context of P. kauderni conservation, and suggest sectioned anemones should be moved to the natural rehabilitation areas once capable of adhering firmly to hard substrate

Keywords: Pterapogon kauderni, Heteractis crispa, Entacmaea quadricolor, asexual propagation, symbiosis

Topic: Climate Change

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/e7dJ4MT6qDfc

Conference: The 2nd International Conference on Global Issue for Infrastructure, Environment, and Socio-Economic Development (GIESED 2019)

Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Abigail Mary Moore)

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