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Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) of Chicken farm is one of the important business sectors in regional economic development. Therefore, the development of its business competitiveness is very important to increase its contribution to both regional and national economy. This study aimed to identify and analyze important factors that affect variables of environmental aspects, entrepreneurship aspects, organizational resources aspects, and competitiveness aspects, primarily at chicken farming SMEs in Sidrap Regency, South Sulawesi. This study was conducted using a quantitative approach. The number of research samples is 115 units of chicken farming SMEs. The analytical method used in this study consisted of both descriptive analysis, and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Then, the data is processed by using the IBM AMOS software. The results showed that pro-business government policy was an important factor that affected variable of environmental aspect. Then, the ability to take risks was an important factor that influenced variable of entrepreneurship aspect. The human resource factor was an important factor that affected variable of organizational resource. Furthermore, quality factor was an important factor that influenced competitiveness variable