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Some Physical and Mechanical Properties of Fermented Pangium edule Reinw. Seed
La ChoviyaHawa (a*), Yusuf Wibisono (b), Roliannisa (b)

a) Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya
Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, East Java Province, Indonesia
b) Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya
Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, East Java Province, Indonesia

*la_choviya[at]ub.ac.id


Abstract

Fermented seed of the tropical tree Pangium edule Reinw., locally known as kluwak, have been used as spices in Asian and especially Indonesia cuisine. For further processing and post harvest handling, physical and mechanical properties of the seed are needed. Some physical properties, i.e. length, width, thickness, geometric mean diameter, unit mass and per 100 seeds, sphericity, surface area, true density, bulk density, porosity, peel ratio, and angle of friction at five different surface (cardboard, stainless steel, iron plate, glass, and wood) of kluwak seeds were evaluated at the market moisture content (50.1%). Also, some mechanical properties, i.e. compressive force, strain, stress and Young modulus at three dimensions axis have been measured. The average length, width, thickness, geometric mean diameter, unit mass and per 100 seeds were 44.94±5.6 mm, 43.35±5.2 mm, 27.40±3.4 mm, 37.36±3.2 mm, 11.47.±3.7 g and 1693.39±483.85 g. In the market moisture content, the results indicated 0.87±0.07, 4413.99±733.22 mm2, 1.01±0.01 g/cm3, 0.42±0.03 g/cm3, 58.21±3.37% and 69.10±13.84% for average sphericity, surface area, true density, bulk density, porosity and peel ratio of the seed, respectively. Angle of friction for respective cardboard, stainless steel, iron plate, glass, and wood were 25.52±6.9 deg, 17.40±3.92 deg, 21.40±5.2 deg, 12.27±42 deg, and 24.8±7.45 deg. The average compressive force needed to break the seed at length, width, and thick axis were 295.34±87.95 N, 283.87±83.90 N, and 215.71±65.53 N. The strain, stress, and Young modulus were 0.095±0.03, 2.10±0.71 N/mm2, and 23.16±7.20 N/mm2 at length axis; 0.069±0.03, 2.66±0.88 N/mm2, and 45.44±20.95 N/mm2 at width axis; 0.05±0.02, 2.05±0.63 N/mm2, and 48.12±22.61 N/mm2 at thick axis, respectively.

Keywords: Fermented kluwak, Physical properties, Mechanical properties

Topic: AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/tLCT29MjuYJy

Conference: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GREEN AGRO-INDUSTRY AND BIOECONOMY (ICGAB 2019)

Plain Format | Corresponding Author (La Choviya Hawa)

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