Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
Nikmatul Khoiriyah

Institutions
1Department of Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture, 1University of Islam Malang, Indonesia
2Department of Socio Economic, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Indonesia
3Department of Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nusa Cendana, Kupang, Indonesia
4Department of Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tribhuwana Tunggadewi, Malang, Indonesia

Abstract
East Nusa Tenggara is Indonesias fifth largest producer of beef, but household consumption of protein is less than the national protein sufficiency rate. This study analyzed the impact of changes in income, price, residence status, and demographic factors on demand for animal food using the Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System approach with Poi procedure. There are 5,742 data of households in East Nusa Tenggara based on SUSENAS in March 2016 which was analyzed. The results showed that eggs were normal goods, while chicken, beef, fish, and milk were luxury goods with the highest income elasticity were chicken, beef, milk, fish, and eggs respectively at 1.8611%, 1.8321%, 1.4634 %, 1.2407%, and 0.4351%. Chicken is the most elastic commodity, followed by beef, fish, and milk, while eggs are inelastic because of the value of its Marshallian own-price elasticity less than 1. The increase in chicken prices, followed by an increase in income, increased the egg demand by 9.75%. The increase of beef prices and income simultaneously, increased demand for milk by 7.35%. The chicken had more substitutes available, so the chicken was the most elastic demand. The stability of chicken prices is important to increase animal food consumption in East Nusa Tenggara so that the number of protein sufficiency could be immediately fulfilled.

Keywords
food demand system, high price, protein, East Nusa Tenggara

Topic
FOOD SAFETY AND SECURITY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/XdcyFHQTEvhf

Corresponding Author
Sucipto Sucipto

Institutions
(a) Departement of Agroindustrial Technology, Universitas Brawijaya.
(b) Halal Qualified Industry Development (Hal-Q ID) Universitas Brawijaya, ciptotip[at]ub.ac.id

Abstract
This study aims to identify and measure the activity of waste that occurred, performance sigma value, and obtain solutions which do by the researcher in Consumer Packing Division PT Z. Waste is measured and assessed using the methods of Lean Six Sigma and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA). Based on research, activity categorized waste activities include Defect, Waiting, Non Utilizing People-s Talent, Transportation, and Motion. Measurement focused on the largest waste Defect Broken Pack. The result showed DPMO value 4089.2475 with level sigma 4.14 and Index Capability Process Capability (Cp) 1.31. FMEA analysis showed 8 causes factors of the failure broken pack. Four failure mode of which exceeds the critical value that is less of a response operator (RPN = 150), lack of control of packaging (RPN = 126), less skilled workers (RPN = 120) and the inaccuracy of allocating the number of workers (RPN = 105). Therefore the provision of on the job training, proper allocation of workers during breaks, the packaging audit of the suppliers of packaging and increase the number of workers needed to support the efficiency of the flour packing process.

Keywords
DPMO, FMEA, Lean Six Sigma, Packing, Waste

Topic
FOOD SAFETY AND SECURITY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/EaKHLbu2eNcV

Corresponding Author
Rakhmawati wati

Institutions
Agricultural Industrial Technology Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture,
University of Trunojoyo Madura Bangkalan Po Box 2(69162)

Abstract
One of the products of plantations in Indonesia is cashew. Cashew has a very high vitamin C content. However, this fruit is easily damaged and the price is relatively low, so it is necessary to innovate in processing this fruit, one of which is to be made into cashew ice cream. This study aims to determine the effect of the proportion of whipped cream and the proportion of emulsifiers / SP on vitamin C content, physical quality (overrun & melt speed) and the favorite value (hedonic) of cashew ice cream (Anacardium occidentale L). This study used a completely randomized design method (CRD) with double sample replications and two test replications. For panelists on hedonic testing using 20 semi-trained panelists. The results showed that the proportion of whipped cream and cashew with an emulsifier / SP proportion had a significant effect (p <0.05) on overrun, melting speed, vitamin C level. The proportion of whipped cream had a significant effect (p <0.05) on the hedonic test ( taste and aroma) but the proportion of emulsifier / SP has no significant effect and hedonic test which includes the color of the aroma and texture. The best treatment is the proportion of 200 g cashew, whipped cream 400 g and emulsifier / SP 15 g with HPP (cost of production) of Rp. 851.5 and the selling price of Rp. 1,200 with a 30% profit.

Keywords
cashew, ice cream, whipped cream, emulsifier/sp

Topic
FOOD SAFETY AND SECURITY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/jekwgGQXEPF6

Corresponding Author
Yoga Aji Handoko

Institutions
a) Department of Agroindustry Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
b) Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Business, Satya Wacana Christian University, Salatiga, Indonesia
*yoga.handoko[at]uksw.edu
c) Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, USA

Abstract
Bacillus subtilis phage is a virus that specifically infects Bacillus subtilis bacteria. The existence and position of B. subtilis phage are very important related to the dynamics of ecosystem balance in nature and its applications in the agricultural industry, especially phage therapy and biocontrol in overcoming contamination of raw materials and processing equipment of agricultural products that are environmentally friendly. Comparative study of morphology and genome size of B. subtilis phage was carried out to understand and determine of phage interactions with their hosts and the characteristics of gene products possessed by each phage. Until this article is presented, it is known that there are 18 species of Bacillus subtilis phage from various regions of the world. Based on the morphological structure, there are 9 species in the Myoviridae family, 4 species in the Siphoviridae family, and 5 species in the Podoviridae family. The genome size of B. subtilis phage ranges is known to range from 18,000 to 160,000 bp with ORFs different ranges 15–250, which can be identified their protein function as between 20–60%.

Keywords
Bacillus subtilis phage, diversity, phage morphology, phage genome size

Topic
FOOD SAFETY AND SECURITY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/J7wWeK2tjF8Q

Corresponding Author
Tunjung Mahatmanto

Institutions
a) Jurusan Teknologi Hasil Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya
Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
*tjmahatmanto[at]ub.ac.id

Abstract
About one-third of the food produced globally is lost or wasted, with production-to-retailing accounting for the major stages in which food is lost. Among food commodity, fresh produce have the highest rate and percentage of losses due to deterioration, especially in countries with warm and humid climate. Although climate-controlled chain facitilites and transportation can address this problem, they require huge investments. A potential approach to delay deterioration affordably is to apply protective barriers directly to the produce. Here, we report the development of an active coating from low cost materials for on- and off-farm applications. First, we determined the suitable composition of corn starch and glycerol to form the coating gel. We then supplemented live Lactobacillus plantarum–a lactic acid bacterium commonly found in fermented food products–as the active ingredient to the formulation and applied it to coat fresh-cut apples as a model system. Physical analysis show that the application of the active coating delayed browning, reduced weight loss, and improved the texture stability of the fresh-cut apples whereas chemical and microbiological analyses show a slight reduction of the pH and cell viability during storage. Anti-bacterial assay of the of active coating show effective inhibition against Escherichia coli–a model food spoilage bacterium. Although these results suggest that active coating may delay produce deterioration, field trials will be needed to evaluate its efficacy in preventing losses along the supply chain–a critical component to ensuring food security.

Keywords
Lactic acid bacteria; active coating; fresh produce protection; corn starch

Topic
FOOD SAFETY AND SECURITY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/GDrxf2ELatjZ

Corresponding Author
Ayda Krisnawati

Institutions
Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute

Abstract
The army worm, Spodoptera litura, is the major leaf feeding-pest of soybean in Indonesia. The aim of the study was to identify the resistance of soybean genotypes to the army worm based on the preference index. A total of 150 soybean genotypes were grown under field condition from February to May 2018 in Malang (East Java, Indonesia). The preference test was conducted in the laboratory, and using G100H as resistant check to army worm. The result showed that the preference index of 150 genotypes was ranged from 0.09-1.82. A total of 105 genotypes were less preferred by larvae of S. litura (resistant), 39 genotypes were more preferred by larvae of S. litura (susceptible), and a genotype has equal resistant with G100H. Based on the preference index and morphophysiological characters, 150 soybean genotypes can be grouped into eight clusters. A genotype (Anjasmoro/Rajabasa-41) has characteristics of low leaf moisture content, dense leaf trichomes, and the preference index of 0.14. Those characters could be the attributes of the soybean genotypes resistant to S. litura. The Anjasmoro/Rajabasa-41 has the opportunity to be developed in tropical regions of Indonesia or can be used as a source of resistance genes to S. litura.

Keywords
leaf feeding-pest, preference index, resistant

Topic
FOOD SAFETY AND SECURITY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/LhFXek7E6BxC

Corresponding Author
Nur Latifatul Qodriyah

Institutions
Department of Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145 E-mail : agustinwardani[at]ub.ac.id

Abstract
Foodborne disease, also referred to as foodborne illness are caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites or chemical substances entering the body through contaminated food or water. Foodborne diseases may lead to long-lasting disability and death. Bacteria are agents which cause 60 % foodborne illness with cases that require hospital treatment. Antimicrobials, such as antibiotics, are essential to treat infections caused by bacteria. However, their overuse and misuse in human medicine has been linked to the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria, rendering the treatment of infectious diseases ineffective in humans. The use of antibiotics as an antimicrobial has undergone many obstacles along with increased number of pathogenic bacteria resistance case. Antimicrobial resistance is one of the main threats to modern medicine. Bacteriophage could be an effective and safe method to decrease the presence of pathogens in food. In this study, lytic phages were isolated and examined for their efficacy to control pathogens. It was isolated using the "plaque assay" method and the lytic ability of isolated phage was confirmed using turbidity test. The isolated φKA5 from chicken skin samples was able to inhibit the growth of bacterial host (Cronobacter spp.) specifically Cronobacter malonaticus strain 05CHPL53. Infection of Cronobacter malonaticus using φKA5 for 360 minutes showed the significant reduction of Cronobacter growth. Based on morphological classification with the ICTV system, the φKA5 can be classified into the Myoviridae family with a contractile tail. These data suggested that the phages isolated from raw chicken skin are potential agents for controlling Cronobacter spp.

Keywords
Bacteriophage, Biocontrol, Cronobacter spp., Foodborne illness, Isolation

Topic
FOOD SAFETY AND SECURITY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/qMhUAnPFeJY8

Corresponding Author
Ihsan Wira Senjaya

Institutions
a) Master Program of Environmental Science, School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro University, Semarang - Indonesia
Jalan Imam Bardjo SH No. 5, Semarang, Indonesia
*matematison[at]gmail.com
b) Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Semarang - Indonesia
Jalan Prof. H. Soedarto S.H, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia

Abstract
Magelang Regency is one of the national rice providers. As a National rice provider, the availability of rice need to be maintained sustainably in order to meet the needs of Magelang Regency and Surrounding area. As the main source of rice production, paddy fields must be protected from the conversion of built-up land such as settlements, tourism sites and others. local governments need to design policies that ensure the availability of surplus rice. This study aims to measure the impact of production policy scenarios and the application of law in Magelang Regency to protect the availability of surplus rice using system dynamic approaches. The scenarios that developed were law enforcement to decrease conversion of paddy fields and increased crop indexes to increase rice production, so increased the availability of rice as well. Simulation data were compared with the real data of the last five years from 2013-2017 (Central Bureau of Statistics of Magelang Regency) and had values that did not differ greatly from the actual data with errors of less than 10%. The simulation results showed that the first scenario could meet the needs of 216.6% rice with a surplus of 133,509.52 tons and the second scenario met 229.5% of the rice needs with a surplus of 148,257.43 tons.

Keywords
System Dynamic; Paddy Field; Rice; Scenario

Topic
FOOD SAFETY AND SECURITY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/yCpke8cEMfL7

Corresponding Author
Chandra Wijayanti

Institutions
Chemistry Department of Mathematics and Science Faculty, Malang State University
Jl. Semarang 5, Malang, East Java
*)Corresponding author e-mail: subandi.fmipa[at]um.ac.id

Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) currently become a national problem even global, which in 2018 the population of sufferers has reached 425 million. One of the causes of DM is a cell resistance to insulin, which can be caused by the bodys lack of chromium intake. This is thought to be caused by the habit of consuming white sugar as a sweetener compared to brown sugar or even neera.. Brown sugar and neera contained more minerals, including chromium, than white sugar. In the body, chromium is part of Glucose Tolerance Factor (GTF) which plays a role in maintaining insulin sensitivity. The purpose of this study are to compare the levels of chromium in sugar and neera, as well as in the blood and urine of healthy and DM patients, before and after consuming neera, and to know the level of consumers preference to the flavor of white sugar compared to neera. Determination of chromium content had been done by Atomic Absorption Spechtrophotometer (AAS), meanwhile the level of consumers preference to the samples flavor had been done by organoleptic test. The results had shown that the chromium levels in neera was 35 times higher than in white sugar has; neera consumption for one month apparently can increase the levels of chromium (both in the blood and in the urine of people) but the increasement level in DM patients higher than healthy people; and in the terms of the taste, the average respondents preference for neera and white sugar is the same.

Keywords
anti-diabetic sugar, sugarcane juice, white sugar, chromium levels

Topic
FOOD SAFETY AND SECURITY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/4pJaAQ7rYLN2

Corresponding Author
Alia Fibrianingtyas

Institutions
Brawijaya University

Abstract
According to Dede (1997) in Suharjitno (1998), the communities around and within the forest are generally disadvantaged people, the socio-economic conditions of this group of people are generally still low. Activities of the Tumpangrejo Hamlet community in agricultural cultivation in the area of UB forest, none of the residents planted major food commodities, such as rice, soybeans, and tubers. This is not enough to replace the role of rice as the main food for the local community. The objectives of this study are: 1) to identify the role of forest peoples in utilizing forest commodities to support household food security; 2) identify the relationship of the role of forest area communities to the level of household food security. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive data analysis methods. The results of this study are the role of the Tumpangrejo hamlet community in utilizing forest commodities unable to support household food security. So that the people of Tumpangrejo hamlet are classified into food insecurity groups, because availability of staple food does not exist, the average frequency of eating a community is 2-3 times a day, the community has expenditure on animal protein food and/or vegetable protein only.

Keywords
Food Security, Household, Community Forest Area

Topic
FOOD SAFETY AND SECURITY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/UhTyvG9qzpVu

Corresponding Author
Ihsan Wira Senjaya

Institutions
a) Master Program of Environmental Science, School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro University, Semarang - Indonesia
Jalan Imam Bardjo SH No. 5, Semarang, Indonesia
*matematison[at]gmail.com
b) Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Semarang - Indonesia
Jalan Prof. H. Soedarto S.H, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia

Abstract
Paddy fields are the main resource in fulfilling the main food commodities, namely rice in Indonesia. Conversion of paddy fields continues to occur along with the increase in population that requires settlements. Loss of paddy fields will have an impact on the loss of the value of rice production per hectare. In addition, there is a value of environmental services from paddy fields that we ignore. Some of the value of environmental services from paddy fields are flood control, supporting food security and preventing erosion and sedimentation. This study aims to determine the value of environmental losses from the loss of paddy fields in Magelang Regency which involves the value of the benefits of paddy fields environmental services through a system Dynamic approaches The law enforcement scenario to reduce conversion of paddy fields was expected to reduce the value of these losses. Simulation data were compared with real data for the last five years from 2013-2017 (Central Bureau of Statistics of Magelang Regency) and had values that were close enough to actual data with errors of less than 10%. The simulation results showed that the value of environmental losses in 2030 reached 173 billion rupiah by conversion of paddy fields about 2981.47 ha.

Keywords
System Dynamic; Paddy Field; Environmental Losses

Topic
FOOD SAFETY AND SECURITY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/B6FQKxHauhwY

Corresponding Author
Novi Haryati

Institutions
Department of Agricultural Socio-economics, Faculty of Agriculture,
Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran Kota Malang Kode Pos 65145
Email: noviharyati[at]ub.ac.id

Abstract
Food security has become a central issue within the framework of Indonesias agricultural development. The problems mostly faced by this country are the uncertainty and instability of national food production happens. Agricultural innovation and training by agricultural extension agents is an effort to increase the skills of knowledge and capabilities of farmers to jointly improve food security. The objectives of this study are: 1) to determine the characteristics of rice farmers, and 2) to understand the relationship of training and innovation to the performance of farmers. This is a descriptive quantitative research that conducted with case studies in Singosari District, Malang Regency Indonesia. The sampling technique was purposive, derived from 30 rice farmers who had received training and counseling from the Singosari Sub-District Extension Education Unit. Primary data was derived through questionnaires. Data analysis was done by formulating structural equation models by using WarpPls 5.0 software. Rice farmers in Singosari Subdistrict are in middle to advanced age with low eductaion. Most of them are elementary school graduates with experience of farming around 30 years. Result showed that the Extent of Training, Preparedness to adopt paddy planting innovation has significant effect to human capital of farmers. Those three has a positive and significant influence on rice farming performance.

Keywords
Key words: farming, innovation, training, farm performance

Topic
FOOD SAFETY AND SECURITY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/aGAZ9TkB4Qfc

Corresponding Author
Irfan Zikri

Institutions
[a]Department of Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
*irfanzikri[at]unsyiah.ac.id
[b]Pusat Riset Pembangunan Pedesaan dan Pertanian Berkelanjutan Universitas Syiah Kuala (Center for Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development Syiah Kuala University), Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Abstract
The import of soybean is still a necessity for the Indonesian government to meet the gap between domestic demand and supply. This paper aims to analyze the trends of soybean import and its contributing factors in Indonesia. The study employs a descriptive analysis by using secondary data in the form of time series from 2003-2017. Data analysis uses trends analysis and single equation model with Ordinary Least Square method. The main finding shows the trends of soybean production are to follow a quadratic pattern, tends to decrease with an average 6.12% per year, while demand and import linearly tend to increase respectively with an average 3.30% and 3.03% per year in 2018-2022. The projection of the production will increase 27,60% in 2018 from the previous year and will gradually continue to decline to 0.4 million tons in 2022. Meanwhile, domestic demand projects 3,3 million tons in 2018 will increase to 3.7 million tons, and import volume is 2.5 million tons in 2018 and will increase to 3.0 million tons by 2022. The main factors contributing to the import partially are domestic production and demands and follow by the exchange rate, the national and international prices of soybeans. Statistically shows the increasing every ton of production will affect to decrease 1,02 tons of import volume, and the increasing every ton of demand will increase 0.99 tons of import volume. Thus, the import policy is still unable to stimulate domestic production to fulfill the increasing domestic demand.

Keywords
soybean, trends, projection, production, import

Topic
FOOD SAFETY AND SECURITY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/NJ7u8FKgEfYB