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Coal Ash Waste Utilization for Environmentally Friendly Road Pavement Materials
Iwan Susanto, Rulli Ranastra Irawan, Yohanes Ronny PA, Gugun Gunawan

Institute of Road Engineering
Agency for Research and Development
Ministry of Public Works and Housing


Abstract

Indonesia is boosting infrastructure development, including in the connectivity sector and electricity supply, where coal fired power plants are most widely used and spreaded throughout the archipelago. Coal burning activity will produce ash namely, Fly Ash and Bottom Ash (FABA). Indonesia Government considered FABA as Hazardous and Toxic Waste (B3) in category 2 from specific sources, due to its chemical and physical variations and massive volume. By 2019, the production of FABA are predicted around 6.598.493 tons. It is predicted that this volume will increase along with government policies on the 35,000 MW program which must be fulfilled by 2024. Therefore, technical utilization of FABA is needed so that it does not pollute the environment due to improper handling. The purpose of this research is to study the utilization of FABA from Labuan Angin coal fired power plant as a road pavement material that not only fulfill the required specifications, but also has better performance and environmentally safe. The reseach method was laboratory experiment, which consists of FABA characteristics testing, and mixtures for road pavement testing. Criteria for utilization of FABA as a road pavement material, must be carried out with the use of substances that capable to binding FABA so that it does not come off. Waste of FABA will be assessed for use as hotmix asphalt, concrete, and base layers. The test results showed that Fly Ash (FA) of Labuan Angin was type F with levels of CaO more than 10 percent and LoI: 4.27 percent. Characteristics testing of FABA also showed results such as specific gravity of FA 2.64 and BA 2.56, absorption of BA 3.24 percent, and sand equivalent test was 95.35 percent. The results of the study shows that for asphalt and concrete mixtures, FABA from Labuhan Angin was less effective in use. In asphalt mixtures, waste that can be used is fly ash i.e as a filler with a low volume of only 5 percent. For concrete mixtures, results of concrete mortar test shows that the FABA from the Labuan Angin is not suitable for geopolymer concrete because it cannot provide workability in the mixture. In addition, a conventional concrete mixture with OPC cement was experimented but a large amount of water was needed which reached 95% so that the strength at the age of 7 days only reached 8 until 14 MPa. In the utilization for road base layer the results shows that the composition of 75 percent bottom ash, 25 percent fly ash, and 9 percent PCC cement produces a maximum density γd = 1.71 percent, optimum moisture content = 5.84 percent, and Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) 33.05 kg per cm2 of the required value of 25 to 40 kg per cm2. Utilization for foundation layer is most effective, because in addition to being able to absorb more waste, the binding process of cement and compaction with heavy equipment can also prevent waste of FABA from released so it is environmentally safe.

Keywords: Base Layers, FABA, Road Pavement, UCS

Topic: Environmental Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/3JDYv6MKfXzU

Conference: The 1st International Conference on Environment, Sustainability Issues and Community Development (INCRID 2019)

Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Iwan Susanto)

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