Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
Dayoe Imaniar Gita

Institutions
a) USDA Forest Service, Washington, D.C., United States of America
b) Department of Environmental Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang-Indonesia

Abstract
Biodrying is a technology used to reduce water content in waste using microorganisms that naturally increase the temperature in the decomposition process. With this process, the water content can drop more within a month. Biodrying produces a product in the form of Solid Recovered Fuel (SRF) which is produced from partially degraded waste. To obtain a waste that is not fully stabilized and maintains a high biomass content, degradation of organic compounds is carried out partially. During the biodrying process, temperature affects the degradation process. Temperature affects the biodrying which will also affect the biodrying product that is indicated by the value of water content. Therefore, in this study, the change of process parameters will be explained, which is in the form of temperature and water content, that is caused by the difference in the air discharge entering the reactor (0, 2, 4, and 6 l/m) with initial water content of 60% - 65%. After 30 days, the optimum air flow is 4 l/m with a decrease in water content of 58.29%; on the last day of the biodrying process (30th day).

Keywords
Biodrying; Air discharge; Degradation; Water content

Topic
Environmental Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Dyhdujqvz9mK

Corresponding Author
Chici Wardiani Prasongko

Institutions
a)Departement of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, 55281 Yogyakarta Indonesia.
*chici.wardiani.p[at]mail.ugm.ac.id
b)Advanced Material and Sustainable Mineral Processing Research Group, Universitas Gadjah Mada, 55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
c)Agrotechnology Innovation Center, PIAT UGM, Berbah Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Abstract
This research was conducted to study changes in functional groups of porous carbon synthesized from mlanding or petai sawdust after being oxidized with H2O2 at various temperatures i.e. 30°C, 60°C, and 80°C. In addition, the effect of porous carbon after oxidation for nickel ion adsorption was also investigated. Adsorption experiments were carried out using solution of Hexammine Nickel (II) Nitrate [Ni(NH3)6](NO3)2 synthesized by adding Nickel (II) Nitrat Heksahidrat to Ammonia solution The carbon inside nickel solution was shaken for 48 hours using a water bath shaker at a temperature variation of 30°C, 40°C, and 60°C. The results of this study indicate that the oxidation of porous carbon will increase functional groups concentration on the surface of carbon such as lactone, carboxyl, and phenol.Adsorption isotherm of nickel ions by porous carbon from mlanding wood follows the Langmuir isotherm plot and shows better performance for absorbing nickel ions in solution compared to carbon without oxidized.

Keywords
Mlanding Wood, Porous Carbon, Oxidation, Adsorption, Nickel Ion.

Topic
Environmental Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/UYJLCgANbVtW

Corresponding Author
Ahmad Cahyadi

Institutions
Department of Environmental Geography, Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Abstract
Allogenic rivers play an important role in the development of karstic areas. The open system of allogeneic rivers allows aggressive conditions to dissolve limestone, so recharging from allogenic rivers will cause more intensive rock dissolution and possibly form a major underground river system in a hydrogeological system in karst area. This study aims to inventory allogenic rivers in the Gremeng Cave hydrogeological system and analyze its type based on the geological conditions that caused it to form. The study was conducted by analyzing the map of the topographic map of Indonesia (Peta Rupa Bumi Indonesia), geological maps and high-resolution remote sensing imagery. In addition, a detailed geological survey was conducted to analyze the causes of allogenic rivers at the study site based on their geological and geomorphological characteristics. The results of the study show that there are at least 5 allogenic river sub systems that combine to become one of the main allogenic river systems. The allogenic river types that emerge are allogeic from underlying beds exposed updip. The emergence of allogenic rivers at the contact of tertiary volcanic rocks and limestones in the Gunungsewu Karst Area.

Keywords
Karst, Allogenic River, Gunungsewu Karst Area, Gremeng Cave

Topic
Environment, Health, and Safety

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/jQwEF3DyHufd

Corresponding Author
Danastri Parimitha Ruziqna

Institutions
1) Environmental Engineering Study Program, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia

Abstract
Aluminum in water treatment sludge can be recovered as coagulants by acidification method. However, there are some factors that affect efficiency in recovering aluminum, such as stirring speed during acidification, pH, and sludge characteristic. This study aims to find the optimum acidification stirring speed in recovering alum and to evaluate the performance of recovered coagulant compared to pure coagulant. Aluminum recovery is carried out by adding sulphuric acid until the pH of the sludge reaches 2.5. The acidic sludge is stirred for 30 minutes, with acidification stirring speed is varied from 240–720 rpm, and left for settling until the supernatant is formed. The supernatant was used as recovered coagulant, examined using jar test to determine the optimum dose, and compared with the pure coagulant. The results show that the optimum acidification stirring speed was obtained at 540 rpm, where mass balance shows aluminum recovery efficiency of 16.5%. The optimum dose for recovered coagulant was 25 ppm, with turbidity reduction of 93.38% in jar test. While the optimum dose for pure alum was 20 ppm, with turbidity reduction of 93.26%. Though potentially reduced greater turbidity, the recovered coagulant has slightly lower quality than the pure coagulant, which required higher optimum dose.

Keywords
Acidification; aluminum recovery; recovered coagulant; water treatment plant

Topic
Environmental Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/PwTVvjEtBqK7

Corresponding Author
Haryono Huboyo

Institutions
1. Environmental Engineering Department, Diponegoro University
2. Urban and Regional Planning Department, Diponegoro University

Abstract
CO2 gas is a gas produced from various activities related to industrial activities and people activities in residential or commercial areas. Conventionally, measurements of CO2 concentrations are carried out using the NDIR method with stationary device, but the tool has a disadvantage that is difficult to do in locations that are difficult to reach with height. So this research is intended to ambient CO2 at different height case study in the Industrial Estate and Commercial area, by means of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology. We sampled at 2 different altitude i.e 1.5 m and 15 m. The use of altitude variations due to wind shear affects that presumably it will have dilution in the upper air. . The greater the wind speed, the concentration of exhaust gas in the area will dissipate quickly. The results of the study show CO2 concentrations varied on weekday mornings and afternoons, and weekend mornings in the sampling area. However, such CO2 concentrations at 2 altitude points showed no significant differences. Thus different 10 m, it could be still homogenous ambient air.

Keywords
Carbon Dioxide, Commercial, Industrial Estate, Housing, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

Topic
Environmental Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/F4WGYyApEc79

Corresponding Author
Ahmad Cahyadi

Institutions
Department of Environmental Geography, Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Abstract
An understanding of the hydrogeological system and catchment area of spring is very important. This is to help manage that maintains its sustainability. Beton Resurgence is one of the springs that have a very important role in the Ponjong area, Gunungkidul Regency. Water supply from the spring is used to supply clean water, irrigated rice fields, and fisheries. This study aims to determine the connectivity and characterization of Passage in the Beton hydrogeological system. The method used is a tracer test using fluorescent dyes. The results of the analysis of breaktrough curve indicate that Seropan Sinking Stream has connectivity with Beton resurgence, and has passage characteristics in the form of a single conduit. The further development of the passage shows that the hydrogeological system is strongly influenced by groundwater recharge originating from an allogenic system that originates in non-karst areas and has a high susceptibility to groundwater pollution.

Keywords
Karst, Allogenic River, Gunungsewu Karst Area, Tracer Test, Beton Resurgence

Topic
Environment, Health, and Safety

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/v4Wdq8GAJBzt

Corresponding Author
Cut Keumala Banaget

Institutions
(a) Institut Teknologi Kalimantan
*keumala[at]lecturer.itk.ac.id
(b) Polytech Annecy-Chambery Universite Savoie Mont Blanc

Abstract
Despite of adverse impacts on the environment, landfill has big potency as renewable energy sources since it generates biogas from organic waste degradation process which can be used for power plant purposes. In 2017, the volume of waste disposed to Manggar Landfill was 128,000 tons, which mostly are organic waste (59.4%). Therefore, this study aims to estimate the amount of energy that can be generated from landfill as methane, by calculating biogas production in landfill based on waste generation, as well as composition using LandGem and Afvalzorg model. In 2017, Manggar landfill produced about 4×103 Mg CH4/year or about 5.31 to 6.44×106 m3/year. The estimated methane then converted to electricity using gas engine and trigeneration methods. Using gas engine, methane from Manggar Landfill is predicted to produce electricity about 787 MWh/month. On the other hand, if trigeneration method applied (by keeping the same gas engine as before), it produces 41.8% of heat which convert to 29.3 kWh of cold. In conclusion, it will be beneficial if Manggar Landfill capture and treat methane for generating electricity since Manggar Landfill produces about 6.44×106 m3/year which can be used for electricity purposes of around 10,000 people using gas engine.

Keywords
Electricity; Gas engine; Landfill gas; Methane production; Trigeneration

Topic
Energy Conservation and Efficiency

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/ZeaHL2tVy4dh

Corresponding Author
Mulyanto Mulyanto

Institutions
Sociology Study Program, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences
Universitas Sriwijaya

Abstract
Environmental risk analysis is predicting the possibility of the occurrence of a risk from an activity and determining the impact of the activity. Oil mining by the society has high risk, i.e. environmental degradation. Based on environmental risk identification, there are 12 environmental components which become impact sources. The present study was aimed to describe, analyze and interpret the environmental risk of illegal oil mining. The present study used critical theory paradigm. Based on analysis using qualitative matrix on the environmental components of oil mining by the society, there were high environmental risk scores in almost all environmental components, except increase in people-s income which had a low score. Therefore, the environmental risks of oil mining by people in the research location had massive environmental risks and environmental impacts.

Keywords
Oil mining, Environmental risk, Impact source

Topic
Environment, Health, and Safety

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/DEkxwRyr7YfC

Corresponding Author
Yowan Embuai

Institutions
a) Master Student of Health Promotion Program
b) Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Abstract
This study aims to analyze individual, occupational, and occupational health and safety behavior factors for decompression events in traditional diver fishermen in Ambon. Decompression is a disease in the form of an abnormality due to the release of gas bubbles in the blood due to decreased air pressure under the sea. This research was conducted on traditional diver fishermen using the case control research design and using nonprobability sampling techniques. Data collection tools in the form of questionnaires, interviews with respondents, and direct observation, using a measuring instrument. Data analysis used in the form of univariate, bivariate and multivariate with the use of SPSS statistical program. The results were obtained: there was a significant relationship between the length of work with decompression disease, there was a significant relationship between depth of diving and decompression disease, there was a significant relationship between duration of diving and decompression, there was a significant relationship between the frequency of diving and decompression, there is no significant relationship between safety and health behavior of water consumption and decompression disease, there is a significant relationship between occupational health and safety behavior using personal protective equipment with decompression sickness, the existence of a relationship which is not significant between occupational safety and health behavior of cigarette consumption and decompression disease, there is an insignificant relationship between occupational safety and health behavior of alcohol consumption and see the risk of each variable.

Keywords
Decompression sickness, occupational safety and health behavior, traditional fishermen, diving risk factors.

Topic
Environment, Health, and Safety

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/wbjZAUaXGVpz

Corresponding Author
Budi Prasetyo Samadikun

Institutions
a) Department of Environmental Engineering Diponegoro University

Abstract
The background problem in this research is the growth of the Tembalang Region due to the development of the UNDIP Campus. The rapid growth of infrastructure in the Tembalang and surrounding areas is a positive impact. However, there were also negative impacts, especially on the environment. The population that continues to grow in the Tembalang Region, contributes to the increase in land conversion (open land to built land) in this area. In the local context, land conversion has caused environmental degradation, which means that the carrying capacity of the environment in this region has been exceeded. In the regional context, conditions in Tembalang have caused negative impacts to the downstream segment (Genuk and Sayung Districts). The purpose of this study is to examine the condition of land carrying capacity (land capability) by considering population demographic factors. The research method uses quantitative methods and qualitative methods. The results showed that the study area in general had exceeded the Yeates scale land carrying capacity threshold standard.

Keywords
land carrying capacity; Yeates scale; Tembalang Region

Topic
Urban Development and Resilient Community

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/PmCeRxzrtnEk

Corresponding Author
Arfan Bakhtiar

Institutions
Diponegoro University

Abstract
There are many kind of Intellectual Property Rights, one of them is patent. According to data in World Bank, Indonesian income per capita, in 2016, still below from another country such as Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, and Thailand. This condition is same as high technology exports, in 2015, where Indonesia still lack from Singapore, Malaysia, Philippine, Thailand, and Brunei. It can be concluded from income per capita and high technology exports that patent in Indonesia still lack.it also can be seen from the data in Directorate General of IPR (Intellectual Property Rights). The data said that the total of active patent in Indonesia is 15.343, during 10 years (2007-2016). This amount is still far away compares to patent from another country that attain 46.838. To increase the number of patent registration, it is necessary to research the motive of patent owners and registrants to register their patent. This research is conducted on patent owners who have registered their invention at the Directorate General of IPR. The results of this study will be made recommendations for the Directorate General of IPR and consultants in socializing the importance of patent registration. Patent registration factors or motives vary by stakeholder. Overall there are 4 factors, in individual stakeholder there are 2 factors, and enterprises stakeholder there are 3 factors. The differences of motives are according to the importance every stakeholder.

Keywords
Patent, Motives, Factors Analysis

Topic
Environmental Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/MLayYfqJCcEw

Corresponding Author
Ririh Prayogi

Institutions
Diponegoro University

Abstract
Background: Work-related fatigue is one of occupational health and safety problems that can be a risk factor for work-related accidents. ILO has recorded that every year, two million workers died because of work-related fatigue. There are many factors contributing to work-related fatigue, among others, age, sex, work load, work environment, and Carbon Monoxide exposure. The aim of the research was to observe the effect of Carbon Monoxide exposure and the characteristics of workers to work-related fatigue in workers in Fish Smoking Center, Wonosari Village, Demak Regency. Method: The research used cross sectional design using 42 samples. The data were analyzed using Multinomial Logistic Regression conducted on SPSS. Result: The research shows that 61.9% respondents experience work-related fatigue. Bivariate analysis suggests that age and sex aren-t significantly related to work-related fatigue, while employment period, work load and Carbon Monoxide exposure are significantly related to work-related fatigue. The result of multivariate analysis shows that work load (p=0,009) and Carbon Monoxide exposure (p=0,034) are significantly related to work-related fatigue. Work load is the dominant variable for work-related fatigue. Workers having heavy work load are exposed to work-related fatigue 12 times higher compared to those with light work load. Conclusion: The management of fish smoking center is expected to provide appropriate break and require the workers to wear mask during working hours.

Keywords
work-related fatigue, age, sex, employment period, work load, carboxyhemoglobin

Topic
Environment, Health, and Safety

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/H8gXNfwa3AM7

Corresponding Author
Arvy Naufal

Institutions
Faculty of Earth Science and Technology, Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung
Ganesha Street 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
arvynfl[at]gmail.com, albert[at]gd.itb.ac.id, riantini.virtriana[at]gmail,com

Abstract
As one of the province that borders DKI Jakarta, West Java Province has been named the most populous province in Indonesia. This has an impact on land cover change in the region. For example, a lot of land that was once a vegetation land, is now converted into built up land. From previous studies, changes in land cover are caused by several factors, one of which is the existence of cities/regencies in the West Java region itself. However, is yet known for certain that changes in land cover are influenced by only the closest city/regency or all cities/regencies. Therefore, an analysis of the influence of cities/regencies existence towards land cover change in West Java is needed based on geospatial data. One calculation method to determine the influence of cities/regencies existence towards land cover changes is Binary Logistic Regression (BLR). BLR is used to analyze binary phenomenon. This study shows that to determine land cover change at a point in the province of West Java it is sufficient to be seen from the influence of the closest city/regency and it is not necessary to be seen from the influence of all cities/regencies.

Keywords
land cover change, distance of the closest city/regency, distance of all cities/regencies, Binary Logistic Regression (BLR)

Topic
Urban Development and Resilient Community

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/ukGrp4ZYKRxt

Corresponding Author
Abob Farizal

Institutions
a) Magister of Environmental Sciences, Diponegoro University
Jalan Imam Bardjo SH no. 5, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia
*bobafariz1[at]gmail.com

Abstract
Conservation forest area has the highest protection function of other forest areas and is a buffer zone of life. However, at present the condition is that many have experienced damage, extensive reduction, or fought over by various parties who wish to utilize the area for other purposes. One of the strategies and efforts made by the Government is through the spatial distribution approach, which is known as the zoning or block concept. In this regard, this study conducted an analysis of forest planning from the Mount Tunggangan Wildlife Reserve (MTWR) in the Sragen Regency, Central Java Province. Despite its status as a conservation forest area, the MTWR is inseparable from threats and pressures. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that influence the classification of ecological sensitivity and ecological pressure on MTWR forest areas for the determination of the area blocks. In this study using the method of spatial analysis with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) with a tiered quantitative approach. The results of this study indicate that the MTWR forest area is divided into three management blocks, namely protection blocks (74,68 ha), utilization blocks (27,73 ha) and special blocks 0,07).

Keywords
Zonation/Block, SM Gunung Tunggangan, GIS, Ecological Sensitivity, Ecological Pressure

Topic
Environment, Health, and Safety

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/xrajyABJZzpG

Corresponding Author
Iswandi Iswandi

Institutions
a) Magister Program of Environmetal Science, School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro University, Semarang – Indonesia
*iswandijunaid[at]gmail.com
b) Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Diponegoro University, Semarang – indonesia
c) Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Indonesia

Abstract
Mangrove ecosystems are one of the blue carbon ecosystems in the Coastal region. Mangroves have the ability to assimilate and accelerate high carbon and can save carbon in the long term. On the coast of Kendari Bay has developed settlements and various centers of community activities, which drastically decreased mangrove vegetation. Research on Blue Carbon Placed in Mangrove Forests is very important to be carried out, to determine changes in regional conditions in the Coastal region. Spatial modeling can be used to estimate degradation of blue carbon stocks. It is expected to produce spatial and temporal maps based on the modeling required from remote sensing data, so that it can be input in determining policies and making more appropriate decisions in the management of the Kendari Bay area, so that development can be carried out successfully. InVEST (Integrated Assessment of Ecosystem Services and Sacrifices) can be used to map and model changes in total carbon stock that are changed by changes in land cover in Kendari Bay. The output generated through spatial and temporal mapping in InVEST can calculate carbon stocks with past, present and future scenarios. InVEST results can be used as a reserve for the management of Kendari Bay Coastal, a grant for mangrove management as a provider of blue carbon stock.

Keywords
Blue Carbon, Degradation, Mangrove, InVEST, Kendari Bay

Topic
Environment, Health, and Safety

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Gk2tHa8C3eQK

Corresponding Author
Winardi Dwi Nugraha

Institutions
Department of Environmental Engineering* Engineering Faculty, Diponegoro University

Abstract
Klampok River is a river that administratively located in Semarang District in which the Headwaters lies in Sidomukti Village, Bandungan Sub-District and the downstream lies in Pringsari Village, Pringapus Sub-District. The fact that population growth and a large number of human activites such as houshold chores, agricultural (husbandry) and industrial works can eminently give impact on the quality of Klampok River-s water has driven this research to be in place. Basically, a river has its inherent competence to purify itself on certain defilement condition. The prime aim of this study was to determine (discern)the ability of Klampok River-s to do self purification based on DO and BOD parameter by using Streeter-Phelps method to obtain oxygen sag curve and Qual2KW program to simulate the water quality. By this study, the value of deoxygenation constant K= 0,226 and the reaeration constant R= 0,162 on segment 2 and K= 0,226 and R=0,217 on segment 3 will be gained. Based on that result, we will get the purification constant fs= 0,717 on segment 2 and fs= 0,956 on segment 3, in which segment 2 is function as active decomposition zone and segment 3 is as recovery zone.

Keywords
Self Purification, Streeter-Phelps, BOD, DO, Deoxygenation, Reaeration

Topic
Environment, Health, and Safety

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/cYmq7EPRZtK3

Corresponding Author
Thomas Triadi Putranto

Institutions
(a) Geological Engineering Department, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Sudharto, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
*putranto[at]ft.undip.ac.id
(b) Industrial Engineering Department, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Sudharto, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
(c) Public Health Department, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Sudharto, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia

Abstract
Sumowono groundwater basin is located in Semarang Regency, Temanggung Regency, and some part in Kendal Regency. Increasing population growth in the Sumowono groundwater basin area is the cause of increasing water demand. For this reason, the government provides an alternative to using groundwater as a source of fresh water. This study aims to determine groundwater utility by the community, the value of each determinant parameters of the recharge area, the distribution of recharge and discharge areas. The research methods were hydrogeological mapping and geospatial analysis, which includes combining several geological and hydrogeological parameters, namely hydraulic conductivity, precipitation, soil cover, slope, water table depth, and electrical conductivity (EC). Based on the result of the hydrogeological mapping, groundwater is mainly used for irrigation, fisheries, industry and domestic purposes. The soil covers consist of sandy clay and clay sand, the slope has a value of 0°-40°, rainfall has a range 2,500-3,200 mm/year, depth of water table is up to 20 m below ground surface. The hydraulic conductivity values are 3.1 m/day (tuffaceous sandstone), and 270 m/day (volcanic breccia) with the EC values is 37-537 µS/cm. Based on the results of the geospatial analysis, the recharge area is spreading in the south and the east, while the discharge area is located in the northern part of the study area.

Keywords
Geospatial analysis, Groundwater, Hydrogeological mapping, Recharge area, Sumowono groundwater basin

Topic
Environment, Health, and Safety

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/zNhgWYduA2xa

Corresponding Author
Jafron W Hidayat Hidayat

Institutions
1).Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Universitas Diponegoro Semarang, email : wasiqjep[at]gmail.com
2).Jurusan Teknologi Hasil Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas (USM) Semarang
3).Departemen Fisika, Fakultas Sain dan Matematika Universitas Diponegoro Semarang

Abstract
Lake body water is very vulnerable to disruption, especially of the eutrophication which triggered by over application of fertilizers from agricultural practices. One strategy to overcome this is to apply organic farming. This practice has long been promoted by the government, but the fact is only a few farmers adopted. Additional culture activities are needed in this manner with an environmentally friendly base that can benefit economically as well as ecologically to the Rawa Pening lake and surrounding. One strategic system to add is fish-rice farming (minapadi). Research is aimed at identifying potential insects which can be used as natural feed (organic). It is also to determine the most efficient insect trapping periods and fish growth. This research is an experimental study using rice-fish farming ponds in the downstream of the Galeh river, an inlet Rawa Pening Lake, Ambarawa. The research designs used are descriptive analysis and analytic using Anova with T test. The results of the study showed that there were 18 species of rice fields insects, which potential to support fish-rice farming. Orseolia eryzae, Conochepalus transversalis and Paranaemia vittivera are the most common insects found. All the three are pests in status that are relatively small in size. These species have potential to support fish feed, especially for fish seed or small size food of baby fish snack (economic value). Test on the trap period shows at 17:45 - 18:45 WIB of dawn has more insect encountered than the 2nd and 3rd periods. Insect density reaches 15 individual of several species of insects. This mean that organic fish feed from insects is best available between 17:45 to 18:45. If it is extended to the next two hours, there will be no significant accumulation of significant additional feed, labor and wasting farmers electricity and operational. In general, rice-fish farming ponds can independently provide natural food (organic) which supports the growth of fish and thus also increase the income and harvest of organic farmers in the upstream of the lake.

Keywords
Fish-Rice farming, light traps, insects feed, lake conservation

Topic
Environment, Health, and Safety

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/DpM8chERbqeU

Corresponding Author
Devi Oktavianingtyas

Institutions
PT Pembangkitan Jawa Bali
Magister Manajemen Teknologi ITS

Abstract
Due to the limited availability and the increasing price of both High and Medium rank coal, the pressure of providing a lower electricity price causes Indonesian Electricity Power Producer into using low rank coal as their main fuel (Coal Switching Program). The success of the coal switching program undertaken by the PTN Power Plant also had another impact on the condition of the equipment. Low calorie coal with high water content causes disruption to generating equipment which not infrequently also causes derating of the unit. Derating that occurred causes a decrease in the value of EAF (Equivalent Availability Factor) of PTN power plant from 93.07 in 2017 to 90.21 in 2018 and 89.61 (estimated EAF) in 2019. To maintain the EAF value is still above the value of 90% or still at the Top 10% NERC then improvement is needed. Waste management process using lean manufacturing approach with value stream mapping and 5S visual management methods collaborated with life cycle assessment is an effective way to optimize EAF from plant outage or overhaul. With this method, it can optimize the 2019 EAF value to 90.84%, identify the environmental impacts that arise in the overhaul process and determine the best improvement recommendations.

Keywords
Coal Switching Program; Waste Management; EAF; VSM; LCA

Topic
Environmental Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/kTQNLHYJtyF4

Corresponding Author
Alfonds Andrew Maramis

Institutions
1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Manado (UNIMA), 95618 Minahasa, Indonesia
2 Department of Out of School Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, State University of Manado (UNIMA), 95445 Tomohon, Indonesia

Abstract
The Government of the Republic of Indonesia through the National Development Planning Agency (Bappenas) established Dayow Village as one of the pilot projects village included in the National Priority Rural Areas (KPPN). This designation aims to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas (especially border and remote villages), and free these village areas from isolation, low human resources, and uneven levels of family income. Dayow Village has abundant and potential local resources (such as livestock and agricultural plantations: coconut, cloves, cocoa, etc.) but have not fully increased the income and welfare of the community due to the isolation of the region which has implications for the limited variety of accessibility of community life. A Community Service Program, The Application of Appropriate Technology Program (PPTTG) scheme has been held in Dayow Village with the aim to: 1) increase community knowledge and skills in mastering the technology of reproduction and production of goat livestock, and in processing livestock waste into solid and liquid organic fertilizer; and 2) increase community economic income. The method used as a form of community empowerment in Dayow Village is a combination of methods of application of sciences and appropriate technology of superovulation to improve the reproduction of goats. The results of this activity show that the superovulation technology products which are the results of research and development of the implementation team can be applied to meet the needs of the people of Dayow Village. This activity is also able to increase regional potential and community participation.

Keywords
superovulation technology. regional potential, community participation, PPTTG

Topic
Urban Development and Resilient Community

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/PQLGwJputTge

Corresponding Author
herdhata agusta

Institutions
a) Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia
b) SBRC-LPPM, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia
c) Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sebelas Maret, Surakarta

Abstract
Very low soil fertility status due to borrow pit exploitation was exposed at lower soil horizon layers. Soil among the sites was classified as critical soil type. The soil layer was at C-horizon, so that was classified as not "soil" in the agricultural term, but it was more grouped as still unweathered parent mater for processing in the soil formation. Suffering on surface vegetation biodiversity was found and revegetation action was an alternative method to restore the degraded soil. Legume cover crops were selected for ameliorating pioneer plants to improve soil and vegetation biodiversity step by step towards the effective regreening of environmental health and safety. An aqueous synthetic polymer was applied to spray the soil surface after planting the legume cover crops, whereas, after the water evaporation of the solution, a degradable thin film at the soil surface was left as a mulch for controlling the water evaporation from the soil surface for a long time for a few months. The mulch kept the soil moisture higher for the growth of the legume cover crops. Field application was succeeded in 2010-2011 at an ex-borrow pit area in Jambi. Additional topsoil, fertilizer, compost, and lime were mixed as supporting growth media. Mucuna bracteata was planted before the application of the aqueous synthetic polymers spraying. Aqueous synthetic polymer spraying application for mulching of surface soil was able to reclaim the critically degraded ex-borrow pit area for the start step, whereas the vegetation covering rate of the site increased from initially less than 1% to more than 90% after 10 months application

Keywords
Mucuna bracteata; soil amelioration; critical soil; polymer mulch; soil reclamation; mineral clay; legume cover crops

Topic
Environment, Health, and Safety

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Zp3cghHyjFCt

Corresponding Author
John Bosco Niyomukiza

Institutions
a, c) University of Rwanda; Civil, Environmental and Geomatics Engineering; Kigali, Rwanda
*nikuzemariejoselyne[at]yahoo.fr
b) Diponegoro University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering

Abstract
Wastewater is the liquid waste generated after being used for different purposes. It has a great impact on the environment when discharged untreated or partially treated. The poor management of wastewater at Gacuriro wastewater plant leads to the discharge of subsequently untreated and partially treated wastes. Therefore, the research focused on the assessment of the efficiency of Gacuriro wastewater treatment plant. Samples of wastewater were collected at the inlet and outlet of the treatment plant for laboratory analysis. Parameters tested include pH, Temperature, Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Coliform (TC), Oil and Grease, and Total Phosphorus (TP). Inlet and outlet results are 112.5-364.5 mg/l, 60-190.2 mg/l for BOD; 447-820 mg/l, 46.6-300 mg/l for COD, 19-24 mg/l, 12-18 mg/l for TSS; 6.8-9.05 mg/l, 6.4-5.75 mg/l for TP, 2419.6-50000 counts/100 ml, 1730-30000 counts/100 ml for TC, and 1.012-1.079 mg/l ,0.75-0.923 mg/l for Oil and Grease. Their percentage reduction of efficiency were in the range of TSS (62.50-75%), COD (63.05-78.74%), BOD5 (69.97-83.70%), Oil and Grease (48.67-62.19%), TP (49.26-60.82%), TC (57.14-64.00%) while average inflow and outflow discharge are 2.5 l/s and 1.5 l/s, respectively. The effluent from the treatment plant needs improvement in disinfection systems to remove bacteria out of discharged effluent.

Keywords
Water supply; Wastewater; Efficiency; Gacuriro; Vision city

Topic
Environmental Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/aPmpBtY48WLh

Corresponding Author
Badrus Zaman

Institutions
Environmental Engineering, Diponegoro University

Abstract
Organic contaminant is one of the environmental issues in wastewater. Organic contaminants in wastewater may produce toxic chemicals during disinfection. Nowadays, food industries and restaurants are the main contributor of organic contaminant in wastewater. Organic contaminant caused the increase of BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand), COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), TSS (Total Suspended Solid), and decrease DO (Dissolved Oxygen). The purpose of this article is to evaluate the efficiency of removing organic contaminant from wastewater with natural biofilter from banana tree. The efficiency of banana tree was analysed in terms of decreasing BOD, COD and the content of TSS. The parts of banana tree that can be removed organic contaminant from wastewater is its stem. Banana stem used as media natural biofilter because of its abundant availability in Indonesia. The disadvantages of banana tree was it can be easy placed by bacteria. Bacteria will develop well on banana stem because banana stem is moist enough and consist of much water in it. Banana stem contains cellulose fibers that can be used as media biofilter because the characteristics of it, such as abundantly available, biodegradable, renewable, cheaper, low abrasive nature, interesting specific properties, and exhibit good mechanical properties. However, the disadvantages of cellulose fibers were low thermal stability, moisture absorption, and poor compatibility.

Keywords
Banana tree, Biofilter, wastewater treatment, organic cotaminant

Topic
Environmental Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/3QPqyupgF4wM

Corresponding Author
Dyah Ayu Larasati

Institutions
1)Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Soedarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
*)dyahayularasati.2016[at]fisika.fsm.undip.ac.id
2)Department of Industrial Chemical Engineering Technology, Vocational School, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Soedarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
3)Department of Engineering, Architectural Engineering, Diponegoro University, Indonesia

Abstract
Batik is one of Indonesias cultural heritages that spread across various regions with their unique characteristics, one of the regions that has batik industries is Pemalang Regency. However, batik industries also contribute to liquid waste. Wastewater containing pollutants such as waxes, resins, dyes and binders such as silicates produce high concentrations of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and concentrated colors. There are still many batik enterprises that dispose waste water directly to environment without being processed first. The aim of this study is to degrade Remazol Black B and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) dyes in batik liquid waste to contact time variations 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 minutes with UVC-Ozone oxidation methods. The Ozone-UVC method is an alternative method for decolorization, and degradation BOD. The dye degradation test was carried out using Spectroquant UV / VIS Spectrophotometer and the BOD degradation test was carried out using Dissolved Oxygen - DO Meter AZ-8403. The result shows that the BOD degradation at batik wastewater was from 190.17 – 96.83 mg/L. Visually, the increase in treatment time makes the sample look clearer (decolorization), evidenced by the sample image and decreased absorbance results.

Keywords
Batik Wastewater;Remazol;Ozon/UV-C;Degradation

Topic
Environmental Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/7dq2akAKjJtp

Corresponding Author
Novita Indah Pratiwi

Institutions
1) Physics Departement, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Indonesia
2) Department of Engineering, Architectural Engineering, Diponegoro University, Indonesia
3) Departemen of Industrial Chemical Engineering Technology, Vocational School, Diponegoro University, Indonesia
4) Nursing science study program, Faculty of health Sciences, Muhammadiyah University, Purwokerto, Indonesia
5) Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University, Indonesia

Abstract
Wastewater produced by batik industry in Cibelok Village, Pemalang that is disposed straight into the sewage will increase the concentration of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), ammonia (NH3), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), watercolor, acidity (pH), and dissolved oxygen (DO). Disposed batik wastewater without treatment will contaminate the environment mainly its water and soil. The main purpose of this research is to reduce the concentration of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), ammonia (NH3), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), watercolor, acidity, and dissolved oxygen (DO) by treating batik Cibelok-s waste and not contaminate the surrounding environment. Laboratory test results on batik waste in COD, BOD, DO, Ammonia, Chromium, Lead, watercolor, and acidity (pH). These results are not in accordance with 2014 Waste Water Quality Standard Number 5 by the Regulation of the Minister of Environment of the Republic of Indonesia. Alternatives that have been done to treat Cibelok Village-s batik waste is to lower dangerous substances concentration through electrocoagulation and filtration. The processes could lower COD level around 57.6%, ammonia 98%, chromium 85%, and BOD 67%. Reducing the concentration of the substance makes the batik waste safer and environmentally friendly when it-s finally disposed to the sewage.

Keywords
Batik waste, Electrocoagulation, Environment, Filtration

Topic
Environmental Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/LBFkzdZXmuqb

Corresponding Author
Hernadi Untung S.

Institutions
Assistant Professor-Environmental Engineering Faculty of Lambung Mangkurat University, Mentor with Honors-Understanding Research Methods Course by SOAS University of London at Coursera

Abstract
Indonesia as a country that has the largest mangrove area in the world, of course contributes significantly to global climate change. It is known, the mangrove area is an area with abundant biodiversity. The existence of various industrial activities, such as oil palm plantations or special coal port operations make the mangrove area can receive negative impacts. Bio-indicators are living organisms such as plants, planktons, animals, and microbes, which are utilized to screen the health of the natural ecosystem in the environment. They are used for assessing environmental health and bio geographic changes taking place in the environment. (Trishala K., et al., 2016). The ability of microorganisms to reform the biodegradation process is an indicator of pollutants in the waters. In the process, microorganisms require or consume more dissolved oxygen (DO). So the higher the concentration of BOD5, the concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO) in water is reduced. This research uses the grab sampling method, which is done 4 times in one year for water quality sampling (BOD5) and aquatic biota samples. The results of this research, showed a significant positive correlation regarding the concentration of BOD5 on biodiversity in mangrove areas. Thus, BOD5 concentration can also be used as an bio-indicator of the quality biodiversity of mangrove areas.

Keywords
Mangrove, phytoplankton, bio-indicator, BOD, water quality

Topic
Environment, Health, and Safety

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/ZDRrp8GUnNYA

Corresponding Author
Mochamad Arief Budihardjo

Institutions
Department of Environmental Engineering
Diponegoro University
Indonesia

Abstract
The activity conducted at Diponegoro University campus will be having an impact to the surrounding environment such as greenhouse gas emissions. Mainly, activities on campus that contribute to greenhouse gasses emission are related to academic. However, at Diponegoro University, non-academic activities such as hospital, gas station, sport center and public services also contribute to greenhouse gases. Emissions considered in this study are methane gas (CH4) and nitrogen dioxide gas (N2O). The total emissions of non-academic activities are analyzed as carbon footprint with units of weight of carbon dioxide (kgCO2eq). This research was done in main campus of Diponegoro University, Tembalang, Semarang. The aim of this research is to analyze the total emissions due to non-academic activities at Diponegoro University and to create mapping of the distribution of non-academic GHG emissions at each sampling point location. The methods are based on a modification of the equation with the IPCC 2006 guidelines approach. The carbon footprint mapping is conducted using ArcGIS software. Based on this research, it is estimated that non-academic activities at Diponegoro University contributes to GHG emissions of 2.424,15 kg CO2eq per year and mainly generated by hospital activity.

Keywords
Carbon footprint; Greenhouse gas, Non-Academic; Diponegoro University

Topic
Environment, Health, and Safety

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/udYMw76gVPAf

Corresponding Author
Alif Ramadhan Kurniawan

Institutions
(a*) Department of Geography, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia

Abstract
As the center of human activity, a city needs supporting infrastructures. One of the essential city infrastructures is the road to provide transportation and mobilities within the city. A motor vehicle is one of the famous transportation modes in the city. In a developing country like Indonesia, motor vehicles such as private passenger cars and motorbikes are still becoming the primary selection of transportation modes. The number of car and motorbike are always growing every year, especially in metropolitan cities such as Jakarta, Surabaya, Medan, and Semarang. This circumstance will have an impact on environmental condition like degradation in air quality, escalation in air surface temperature, and health issues. Carbon emission from fossil fuel combustion will increase the concentration of greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere. In more extended time, it will contribute to global warming and changes in urban climatic condition. This study is being conducted to show the open green space distribution and to the carbon sequestration capability, especially towards the carbon emission from motor vehicles. This study uses Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), and Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index (ARVI) generated from Landsat OLI-TIRS and Sentinel-2 imageries to map open green space distribution. Tree stand parameters like diameter breast height (DBH) and tree height collected from field observation are being utilized in the allometric equation to extract biomass and carbon stock information. The results from this study are expected to describe the condition of open green space and its capability to sequestrate carbon from the motor vehicle in Semarang.

Keywords
Carbon sequestration, carbon emission, satellite imagery, vegetation index, allometric equation

Topic
Energy Conservation and Efficiency

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/qkpE62JAXFG7

Corresponding Author
Caroline Caroline

Institutions
Universitas Sultan Fatah Demak

Abstract
The impact of the Central Java Workforce Spillover is one of the priorities for sustainable development in Central Java Province, and is the 8th goal of the SDGs, namely promoting sustainable and inclusive economic growth, employment and decent work for all. The implementation of the ASEAN Economic Community collaboration brings the impact of open labor mobility between ASEAN countries. Indonesia has become part of the ASEAN Economic Community. Central Java Province is one of the 34 provinces in Indonesia. The total labor force of Central Java Province in 2018 was 26.06 million with a total workforce of 17, 18 million; open unemployment 823 thousand is one reason workers migrate labor. Other reasons workers migrate to other regions are lack of employment in the area of origin, poverty that occurs in the area of origin, low wages in the area of origin. Labor is a driving factor for the creation of economic growth through labor productivity. A workforce with a high level of education, and an adequate level of skills can increase work productivity, which in turn will increase economic growth. Workers with low levels of education, and low levels of productivity will reduce economic growth through decreasing levels of work productivity. Labor is also a problem and issues that must be discussed. This study aims to analyze the impact of labor spillover in Central Java Province. This research method uses the Euclidean Distance spatial weight matrix to calculate the Spatial Autoregressive Model with fixed effects, and the Spatial Error Model with fixed effects. This study uses spatial panel data from 2004 to 2018 from 34 districts / cities in Central Java Province. This study developed a growth model from Mankiw et al (1992), Moretti (2004) by considering spatial impact. The spatial impact model of this study adopted from Lesage and Pace (2010). The conclusions of this study are the results of SAR calculations with fixed efficacy based on that Spatial rho 9 percent means that if Central Java Province grows 9 percent it will affect 34 districts / cities in Central Java Province. Based on the results of SEM calculations with fixed effects, the Lambda value is positive and significant at 1 percent. This means that there is economic growth between regencies / cities in Central Java Province. This means that economic growth in Central Java Province is influenced by the value of capital, labor with spatial residuals from 34 neighboring regencies / cities, and the same characteristics

Keywords
Economic growth, sustainable development, labor spillover

Topic
Sustainable Development

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/aYuH8jyCknEP

Corresponding Author
Hernadi Untung S.

Institutions
Mentor with Honors-Understanding Research Methods Course by SOAS University of London at Coursera, Assitant Professor-Environmental Engineering Faculty of Lambung Mangkurat University

Abstract
One of the environmental issues for the physical components of soil and water, is the potential risk of carrying soil particles by runoff. However, sedimentation and high TSS concentrations still occur in settling ponds before flowing into river, lake or sea. Transfer of such pollutants from solid to aqueous phase at the interface of sediments/particles facilitates their entry into the food chain and further bio accumulation in neighboring fauna and flora. A vast variety of geogenic (rocks weathering and soil erosion) and anthropogenic sources (mining activities, urban and agricultural run-offs, industrial and municipal sewer overflows, etc.) may cause toxic metals discharge into water bodies. The metals can be dissolved in the water column, absorbed/adsorbed to the sediments/particulates or accumulated in biota. In comparison with other media, river bed and suspended sediments play a more significant role in overall pollution and environmental risks. (Nasrabadi, T.et al. 2016). This research is improvement of USEPA recommendations for the installation of sediment traps in drainage channel. The advantage of using this additional modification is that it can significantly reduce TSS concentration. The results of the water samples test and statistical test show that this research provides significant result in reducing TSS concentrations.

Keywords
Runoff, Mine Drainage, Sedimentation, Sediment Trap, Total Suspended Solid (TSS), Pollutants.

Topic
Environmental Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/YEczrV4CJvMp