The capability of cemba leaf extract in inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus growth Hajrawati, Henny Nuraini, Irma Isnafia Arief and Dondin Sajuthi
Departement of Animal Product and Technology, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi 90245, Indonesia Departement of Animal Production and Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, West Java 16680, Indonesia Departement of Veterinary Clinic Reproduction and Pathology, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, West Java 16680, Indonesia
Abstract
Cemba (Albizia lebbeckoides [DC.] Benth leaf extract contains phytochemical components namely: phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, glycosides, and saponins that potent to be an antibacterial agent. The study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial capability of cemba leaf extract against Staphylococcus aureus contaminating animal products frequently. A 40 g of cemba leaves were extracted with 400 mL of water (1:10) for 24 hours. One mL of each prepared concentration of CLE (100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, 135, and 140 mg mL-1) was cultured together with 1 mL S. aureus concentration of 106 CFU mL-1 in MHB media, then incubated at 37 °C for 24 hours. Furthermore, each bacterial suspension contained in the MHB was grown on MHA media and incubated at 37 °C for 24 hours. The number of bacteria colonies growing was calculated for determining MIC and MBC. The time-kill test used CLE with a concentration of 1 MIC and 2 MIC. Besides, SEM was also observed to know the changes in the morphology of S. aureus cells after tested contact with 1 MIC CLE. The results showed that CLE was able to inhibit and kill S. aureus bacteria with MIC values of 120 mg mL-1 and MBC of 125 mg mL-1. Time-kill test results showed CLE concentrations of 120 mg mL-1 (1 MIC) and 240 mg mL-1 (2 MIC) were able to kill S. aureus bacteria with a contact length of 4─8 hours. The results of SEM observations indicated that CLE was able to kill S. aureus by damaging bacterial cell walls.
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