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In this study, an investigation of thermal characteristics was carried out at two stages namely, the experimental stage and the simulation and modeling stage. In the experimental stage, the battery consists of 1 cell with a capacity of 14Ah. At the experimental stage, the battery under investigation works at the discharge currents C1, C2, and C4, with natural convection studies in insulation and non-insulation systems. The assumptions used in this study are the battery used have experienced more than 10 cycles, the heat radiation from the battery is ignored, the parameters and thermal constants are considered constant. The ambient temperature range for operation is at 24oC – 28,5oC. Experimental results show that the battery system under insulation conditions has more stable thermal characteristics compared to non-insulation systems. As well as the results of the simulation stage 1 battery cell under conditions of insulation and non-insulation. In addition, estiomation were also made for the 10 battery insulation system. The temperature rise characteristic shows an exponential graph on all simulations performed. By evaluating the measurement values in the experimental and simulation stages, the results of the non-insulation conditions show an error for the C1 discharging current of 1,77%, C2 of 1,97%, and C4 of 0,38%. The results of insulation conditions show an error for the C1 emptying current of 1,10%, C2 of 0,53%, and C4 of 0,05%.