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The problem of ozone depletion lies behind the importance of developing a photodetector device, which is used as a preliminary detection step against the risk of solar radiation. At present, hybrid photodetectors are a major concern because they have detection and operational advantages over conventional photodetectors. In this study, we investigated the optical properties and photoresponse of hybrid ZnO/graphene (HZG) systems, of which ZnO nanorod (ZnO NR) was used in the system. Investigations were carried out using spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) and solar simulators. The results of SE fittings with the effective medium approximation (EMA) method confirmed that the length of ZnO NR was 27.81 nm, 42.67 nm, and 220.46 nm respectively. We note that increasing the size of ZnO NR promotes light absorption to increase significantly. Furthermore, the relationship between light absorption and HZG photoresponse was discussed using comprehensive analysis.