Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
Irwanto Irwanto

Institutions
Department of Electrical Engineering Vocational Education, UNTIRTA, Indonesia

Abstract
Information needs for ones color perception are needed in the fields of medicine, engineering, astronomy, biomedicine and so on. The demand for accurate assessment of color perception must be met by the perception detection tool used. Ishiharas test, as a perception detection tool that is still used today has insufficient accuracy. This research aims to create a system that can detect a shift in ones color perception, relative to the average color perception of a number of respondents. Through plotting the respondents perception points, in the CIE coordinate system (Commission International de IEclairage) XYZ can be calculated the average euclidean distance, ED, relative to the reference point and the distribution of x and y groups of perception points around the point of reference. Both size, euclidean distance and distribution are used as indicators of average color perception so that an assessment of ones color perception is given based on the results of comparison between color perception points and color perception indicators. The tool used to do the test is Delphi version 7.0 software. the research material used is the RGB (Red, Green, Blue) color image format. The results of a persons color perception study are divided into three levels, namely: (1) "normal" assessment if euclidean (ED) perceptions are smaller than the euclidean (ED) average (2) the "somewhat normal" assessment if the distribution of x and y is smaller rather than the color of perception and the distribution of x and y (3) the assessment is "abnormal" if the color of perception is greater than the max distribution of x and y. A new perception point assessment that is in level one is used to up-date prevailing perception indicators. Up-dating condition constraints affect the quality of the threshold average perception specifically and the quality of the results of the perception detection system in general.

Keywords
Colour Perception, Spectral Characterictics, Detection Model

Topic
Nano Science and Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/vWQzeBZdN9CL

Corresponding Author
Wahyu Aji Eko Prabowo

Institutions
(1) Informatics Engineering Department, Faculty of Computer Science, Universitas Dian Nuswantoro Semarang, 50131, Indonesia

(2) Catalysis and Reaction Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia

(3)Engineering Physics Department, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia

(4)Research Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia

(*) Corresponding author: prabowo[at]dsn.dinus.ac.id

Abstract
Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and nickel promoted MoS2 are increasingly used as catalyst in hydrotreating process, which involve adsorption, dissociation and formation of molecular hydrogen. This study aims at investigating the adsorption, dissociation and formation of hydrogen molecular over MoS2 and Ni promoted MoS2 (NiMoS) surface by using first-principles density functional theory (DFT). By using CI-NEB method, the activation energies of H2 dissociation and H2 formation are calculated. The most stable adsorption site is found in MoS2 surface. From the evaluation of H–H formation energy barrier on catalyst surface, NiMoS shows better reactivity than MoS2.

Keywords
Hydrogen, adsorption, dissociation, MoS2, NiMoS, density functional study

Topic
Theoretical and Analysis in Materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/czjtaBUXqRMG

Corresponding Author
Hani Kurniawati

Institutions
(a) Departemen Fisika Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Institut Teknologi Bandung,
Jl. Ganesha no. 10 Bandung, Indonesia, 40132
*hanikurniawati[at]students.itb.ac.id
*inge[at]fi.itb.ac.id

Abstract
This paper report the results of experimental study for electrofreezing of a salt hydrate-based phase change material CaCl2.6H2O to reduce the supercooling effect.The experiment was performed by using DC voltage and 0.3 mm diameter of copper electrode. The time-dependent temperature is was measured using thermocouple data logger which is connected to a computer. The parameter variation consist of the magnitude of applied electric field and interval time for field application. It turns out that the minimum amplitude of applied field is about 700 V, and the supercooling degree tend to decrease with the increase of applied field. The supercooling degree also changed with the interval time for the applied field, although its variation still need to be further clarified. From this experiment, it can be concluded that DC voltage affects the supercooling degree of CaCl2.6H2O and help to create the nucleation process.

Keywords
Electrofreezing, Solidification, Salt Hydrate CaCl2.6H2O, Supercooling

Topic
Functional Materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/2a3QKuFYzHc4

Corresponding Author
Dian Ahmad Hapidin

Institutions
Institut Teknologi Bandung

Abstract
Nebulizers are commonly used device for generating aerosols. In medical fields, the medical-grade nebulizers are used as drug delivery via inhalation. This involves the aerosolization of drugs in solution or suspension forms. In aerosol research field, commonly laboratory-grade nebulizers have a slightly different design to those of medical nebulizers as they optimize the aerosol generation stability and production rate with less deposition. This paper will discuss the utilization of medical grade nebulizer to generate aerosol from various solutions and suspension, which are usually used in aerosol research, i.e. NaCl, gliserin, dioctyl sebacate (DOS), and polystyrene latex (PSL). The size distribution of the aerosol was measured using scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS). We found that the concentration of NaCl and gliserin solutions directly affected the geometrical mean diameter (GMD) and geometrical standard deviation (GSD) of the generated aerosol. The test using PSL particles depicted that the medical nebulizer had a relatively high aerosol deposition, which increased the suspension concentration over time.

Keywords
Aerosol, Nebulizer, Monodisperse, Polystyrene latex

Topic
Synthesis and Characterization Techniques

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/crpUgq3mwYuJ

Corresponding Author
Edy Wibowo

Institutions
1Engineering Physics, School of Electrical Engineering, Telkom University, Jalan Telekomunikasi No.1, Terusan Buah Batu, Bandung, Indonesia.
2Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES), Gunungpati, Semarang, Indonesia.
3Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jember, East Java, Indonesia.

Abstract
We report the attempt of utilization rice husk-IR 64 as green adsorbents for degrade methylene blue in aqueous solutions. We attempted to significantly enhance the degradation ability of rice husk, but through a simple process i.e. drying in the sun and boiling in the aquadest. The percent degradation of MB in the solutions was determined by using photometer apparatus, while the change of transparence of the solution after treated by activated rice husk was measured by UV-vis spectrometer. We obtained that the boiling treatment is more effective for enhancing the degradation ability of rice husk than sunbathing process. The use of boiled rice husks could reduce MB in the solutions up to 89%. Indeed, the degradation ability of rice husk-IR 64 can be significantly increase through simple treatment so that it possess a great chance to develop as green adsorbent with marvelous performance.

Keywords
rice husk, IR 64, degradation, methylene blue, aqueous solutions

Topic
Functional Materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/y9UNwknagP3J

Corresponding Author
Yuningtyas Nely Kusuma Dewi

Institutions
a) Department of Physics, Faculty of Sains, Institute of Technology Sepuluh Nopember
Raya ITS Street, Keputih, Surabaya 60111
*yoyok[at]physics.its.ac.id

Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of annealing temperature on the barium titanate (BaTiO3) films as a solar cell material. The synthesis of BaTiO3 uses barium hydroxide (Ba(OH)2) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) as the base material. The results of the deposition of BaTiO3 films were annealed with temperature variations of 400oC, 500oC, and 600oC with a holding time of 1 hour respectively. Characterization was carried out using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) to determine the microstructure of the films, test the optical properties of the films with UV-Visible and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to analyze chemical bonds between molecules and particle size was calculated using the Scherrer formula. The analysis showed a decrease in the energy gap and absorption for the higher annealing temperature. Variations in annealing temperature cause changes in microstructure, crystal size, and the degree of crystallinity that affect the energy gap and the absorption of BaTiO3 films.

Keywords
barium titanate, temperature annealing, energy gap, absorption, microstructure, crystal size, crystallinity

Topic
Nano Science and Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/cHRyt4WfjK2Q

Corresponding Author
Mamat Rokhmat

Institutions
a) Universitas Telkom, Jl Telekomunikasi No. 1 Bandung
b) Universitas Jember,
c) Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl Ganesha 10 Bandung

Abstract
We report the performance improvement Titanium Dioxide based solar cell, according to impedance measurements of the cells. The treatment of solar cells with NaOH has succeeded in increasing the performance of solar cells. The efficiency of solar cells increased to 1.34% and FF by 0.35 after NaOH was carried out after treatment. This increase occurs because of an increase in Na + ions, increased ionic conductivity of electrolytes. In addition, compilation of NaOH after treatment is carried out on a wide surface determined on the aluminum electrode. Increasing, this will increase contact between aluminum and electrolytes. The use of NaOH after treatment and deposition of Cu in TiO2 layers of solar cells was also able to reduce the resistance in solar cells from 4240 ohms before NaOH after treatment to 1550 ohms after NaOH after treatment. As a result, the performance of solar cells is increasing. These results indicate post-treatment NaOH can improve the performance of solar cells

Keywords
Sel Surya, TiO2, Metal deposition, impedance

Topic
Functional Materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/BNJM729fZGkj

Corresponding Author
Rachman Shaf

Institutions
a). Departement of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung,
Jalan Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
b). Research Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology
Institut Teknologi Bandung
Jalan Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia

Abstract
Pure water flux holds an important key in determining the quality of a certain filter. The flux can be measured by pumping a number of volume fluid through some filter membrane over time. By using automation electrical control system, high accuracy sensor and over time sampling data, the error that occurred in manual data sampling will reduced, so the flux that occurred will be more accurate. This paper explains how the automation system using a controllable air regulator pressure pump with high precision pressure sensor, and high accuracy digital balance and the data received displayed in the Graphical User Interface (GUI) to get the flux of a filter membrane. The calibration process of the hardware that involves in this measurement gave good result with minimum or the lowest value of linear regression constanta is 1 for the bit digital balance number and mass number and 0.9998 for duty cycle read of the digital pressure and measured sensor calibrate pressure sensor. Also the accuracy number of the digital balance got by comparing the digital balance and calibrate scale, the highest number of error is 0.35% while the minimum value of mass number that could be recorded reached 0.003 gram. And for the flux measurement test on different type of filter membrane also shows that the different of membrane pore size affect the value of the flux and given increment of the pressure causes the value of flux increase.

Keywords
Filtration membrane; Pure Water Flux; Water Filtration

Topic
Synthesis and Characterization Techniques

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/CaJWYHKtx7yG

Corresponding Author
Dixon Thomas

Institutions
Institut Teknologi Bandung

Abstract
Controlling building thermal environment is an important problem nowdays with many growing cities around the world. More growing cities means more buildings that make the temperature of the environment rise. The thermophysical behavior of this phenomena depends on wall’s thermal properties of wall such as: thermal conductivity, thermal mass, and solar absorbance. This paper presents the results of studies on a wall’s thermophysical behavior with variation of wall’s thermal properties. Simulation carried out by detecting temperature distribution data of wall using Energy2D simulation program of 11 cm thick wall with the area of 1m x 1m, where the wall was exposed to a heat source for 4 hours then the heat source will be turned off for 4 hours. Thermal conductivity, thermal mass, and solar absorptance of wall was varied based on brick wall as the reference wall. The measurement results show that absorbance of the wall determine the amount of heat distributed around the wall, while thermal conductivity and thermal mass of wall determine heat distribution. We conclude that controlling wall’s thermal properties will give specific impact on building thermal environment.

Keywords
controlling thermal environment, thermal properties of wall, wall material

Topic
Functional Materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/tLhWYpNKFVza

Corresponding Author
Yofentina Iriani

Institutions
1Department of Physics, Postgraduade, Universitas Sebelas Maret Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A Kentingan, Surakarta 57126
2Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Universitas Sebelas Maret Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A Kentingan, Surakarta 57126

Abstract
Bismuth ferrite oxide (BiFeO3) thin film has been grown on a quartz substrate using the Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) method. The deposition of BiFeO3 thin film used holding time variations (30, 45 and 60 minutes) and annealing temperature (550oC and 600oC). The results of X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) characterization showed that the increase of holding time caused intensity to be higher. This indicates that increasing intensity will increase the crystallinity and crystallite size. High annealing temperature caused crystallinity and crystallite size of the BiFeO3 thin film to increase. Characterization of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed that increasing holding time would decrease the grain size with the boundary between grains look clearer, homogeneous, and low porosity. Increasing annealing temperature caused an increase of the grain size in which it is difficult to determine the grain boundaries and high porosity. The characterization of UV-VIS showed the absorbance and transmittance of the BiFeO3 thin film. The highest absorbance was obtained at 600oC/45 minutes, about 2.75. In addition, low energy gap was obtained from the variation of holding time and annealing temperature about 2.5-2.8 eV.

Keywords
BiFeO3, CSD, Holding time, band gap

Topic
Synthesis and Characterization Techniques

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/pwNb2GQ3fh8U

Corresponding Author
Wahyu Dwi Handoko

Institutions
1Departement of Physics, Faculty of Sciences
Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia

2Departement of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences
Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia

3Departement of Physics Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education
University of Palangka Raya, Palangka Raya, Indonesia

4Departement of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences
University of Palangka Raya, Palangka Raya, Indonesia

Abstract
A stacked sieve tool has been made to sort natural sands which will ultimately be used to produce functional materials such as zircon, zirconia, LFP, and polymer-based composite fillers. This stacked sand sieve was intended to replace conventional sieves that had several disadvantages, including unstable speed, inefficient time in processing large amounts of sand and relatively greater costs incurred. This stacked sieve exhibited the following characters: 1) composed of two sieves, 2) can be assembled easily to change the size of the sieve, 3) had 3 variations of the sieve slope, and 4) used a gasoline motor to produce a sift speed of 25 cm/s and 36 cm/s. The sieve slopes were manually adjusted by positioning the sieves according to the available slots on the device. The sizes of the filter on the sieves made were 1, 3 and 5 mm. The effectiveness of the stacked sieve was tested using a 50 kg ordinary natural sand. The test results showed that the sieve product increased if it used a speed of 25 cm/s. Furthermore, the maximum sieve yield was obtained if the upper and lower sieves were at the same slopes, which was 38˚, and their sizes were 5 and 1 mm respectively, which was 0.82 kg/s. Keyword: natural sand; stacked siever; siever slopes; siever speed

Keywords
natural sand; stacked siever; siever slopes; siever speed

Topic
Minerals and Complex Materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/X7Nc3rzmG2dx

Corresponding Author
Ganesha Antarnusa

Institutions
1 Department of Physics Education, Universitas Sultang Ageng Tirtayasa, Indonesia
2 Department of Physics, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Abstract
In this paper a potential use of giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensors in Wheatstone bridge is presented in order to detect polyethylene glycol (PEG)-coated magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles as biomolecular labels (nano-tags) in magneto-biodetection technology. The GMR Co/Cu multilayer structures were fabricated by DC magnetron sputtering method. The magnetoresistance (MR) of Co/Cu was 2.7%. The Fe3O4 were synthesized via co-precipitation method, exhibiting a soft magnetic behavior with saturation magnetization (M_s) of 77.2 emu/gram and coercivity (H_c) of 49 Oe respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed that Fe3O4 was well crystallized and confirmed the formation of inverse spinel structure with an average size of around 12 nm. Formation of PEG/Fe3O4 was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). As the PEG concentration is decreased the overall saturation magnetization of the coated nanoparticles initially decreases due to the decrease iron content with a minimum of 37.2 emu/gram for nanoparticles with the smallest Fe3O4 content. Various applied magnetic fields of 0-650 Gauss have been performed using electromagnetic with the various currents of 0-5 A. The final value of the output voltage signals for the Fe3O4 is 1.76 mV. The output voltage changes with the increase of concentration of PEG. The developed sensors are used to monitor real-time binding signals and portable into a Wheatstone bridge for the magneto-biodetection at ultra-low concentration using magnetic nanoparticles coated with PEG as reporters.

Keywords
giant magnetoresistance; Wheatstone bridge; Fe3O4; magneto-biodetection

Topic
Nano Science and Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/rXdCmETxvLG9

Corresponding Author
Yulianto Agung Rezeki

Institutions
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Abstract
Cyclodextrins are a family of cyclic oligosaccharides produced by enzymatic degradation of starch. There are three types of cyclodextrins based on the number of glucose subunits, i.e., α-cyclodextrin, β-cyclodextrin, and γ-cyclodextrin, which respectively have 6, 7, and 8 glucose subunits. Among others, β-cyclodextrin has more advantages in many subjects. This paper provides the development of β-cyclodextrin particles using electrospraying method. In this study, a variation of β-cyclodextrin concentration was carried out to see the effect on the particle diameter. By varying the β-cyclodextrin concentration, the resulting particles have various sizes. The greater the β-cyclodextrin concentration, the greater the diameter of the particles produced. β-cyclodextrin particles can be used in food, pharmaceutical, drug delivery, and chemical industries. The advantage in modifying the particle diameter makes the use of β-cyclodextrin more effective.

Keywords
Cyclodextrin, Electrospraying, Particles

Topic
Synthesis and Characterization Techniques

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/jFDRhLEGfnBm

Corresponding Author
Lila Dina Wulansari

Institutions
(a) Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
*suminar_pratapa[at]physics.its.ac.id
(b) Laboratory of Biocomposites Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Product, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM

Abstract
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)/zircon (ZrSiO4) composites with various zircon sizes have been fabricated using liquid method. The study was aimed to enhance the thermo-mechanical properties of the PEG matric around its glass temperature. The zircon powder were prepared varying the calcination temperatures, i.e. 500 ºC, 1000 ºC, and 1200 ºC and were analyzed using FTIR and XRD. The powders exhibited pure zircon, increase of particle size and decrease of lattice parameter by increasing calcination temperature. Meanwhile, the PEG/zircon composites and the pure PEG sample have been analyzed using FTIR, XRD, and DMA. Analyses of the FTIR and XRD data confirmed the successful synthesis of the composites. DMA analysis revealed the storage moduli, loss moduli, and tan delta characters from the PEG/zircon composites. The maximum storage moduli and glass transition temperature (Tg) were achieved by the 5 wt% zircon calcined at 500 ºC, while the maximum loss moduli were achieved by the 5 wt% zircon calcined at 1200 ºC.

Keywords
Dynamic-mechanical properties; PEG/zircon; Glass transition; Storage and loss moduli

Topic
Synthesis and Characterization Techniques

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/eWYZdyfmqG7U

Corresponding Author
Ajeng Eliyana

Institutions
(a) Department of Physics, Physics of Electronic Materials Research Division, PECVD Lab, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40312, Indonesia
(b) Department of Physics, Physics of Material Lab, State University of Makassar, Jl. AP.Pettarani, Makassar 90222, Indonesia

Abstract
Currently carbon nanotubes (CNT) are one of the interesting topics of nanotechnology in the research world. One application is the solar cell which is of concern to photovoltaic researchers, because of the uniqueness of its characterization, namely its wide optical absorption, low resistance and high charge-carrying mobility. In addition CNT has a very large electrical conductivity making it easier to conduct electricity, because it has the potential to increase the efficiency of thin film solar cells. One of the optimization of CNT growth has been done on the growth of metal nanocatalysts or metal catalysts, because it plays an important role in the process of forming CNT tubes. In this research, a preliminary study of CNT thin film deposition was carried out by growing a Nickel (Ni) metal catalyst on a SiO2 glass substrate by evaporation method for 25 seconds and annealing process with temperature variations of 400 0C, 500 0C, and 600 0C for 4 hours. Morphological characterization of Ni metal catalysts using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Metal catalysts are obtained in the form of grains (clusters) that are not homogeneous and still close between one grain to another. The distribution of grain in samples with an annealing 400 0C has an average diameter of 89.2 nm, while the distribution of grain at annealing temperature of 600 0C has an average diameter of 201 nm. The diamater obtained is greater, because the addition of annealing temperature causes the thermal vibrational energy to be larger which allows small grains to disappear and merge with large grains so that the size of the grains gets bigger.

Keywords
Metal catalyst, Nickel, evaporation, SEM, CNT

Topic
Nano Science and Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/cCbpXUNBDuTM

Corresponding Author
M Tommy Hasan Abadi

Institutions
(a) Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5 Malang 65145, Indonesia
(b) Centre of Advanced Materials for Renewable Energy, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5 Malang 65145, Indonesia
*Corresponding author’s email: nandang.mufti.fmipa[at]um.ac.id

Abstract
One of third generation solar cell that can produce high efficiency with strong absorption power is perovskite. The good efficiency of perovskite depend on the stability structure and morphology homogenous. Recently, perovskite with CH3NH3PbI3 inorganic-organic compounds appear as solar cell that perform well even with small active regions. In this study, CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite was synthesized by two step deposition. The disadvantage of this method is that lead iodide (PbI2) material which is only dissolved in DMF solvents has not succeeded in forming perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 so that it has an impact on the performance of solar cells. The addition of DMSO as PbI2 solvent by controlling the composition of DMF/DMSO increased the homogenity of the morphology of perovskite solar cell and the efficiency obtained was better than using DMF solvents only. Characterization of samples using XRD to determine the perovskite crystal phase and structure, SEM to determine the morphology of the sample, and solar simulators to determine the efficiency of perovskite solar cells.

Keywords
Perovskite Solar Cell; DMSO Solvent; PbI2; CH3NH3PbI3; Morphology

Topic
Nano Science and Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/39YLj8QGDW6C

Corresponding Author
Yayat Iman Supriyatna

Institutions
(1) Research unit for Mineral Technology - Indonesian Institute of Sciences
(2) Metallurgical and Material Departement - University of Sutan ageng Tirtayasa
(3) Phisics Major - Lampung University

Abstract
AISI 1020 steel is widely applied as the main material for construction and piping systems on ships. This research was conducted to investigate the effect of electroplating Cu-Mn current density on the corrosion rate of AISI 1020 steel in a 3% NaCl corrosive medium. Corrosion rate testing was carried out using the weight loss method with immersion of samples in a corrosive NaCl medium for 168 hours and variations in current densities of 35, 45, 55, 65 and 75 mA/cm2. The results showed that the greater current density applied the lower corrosion rate. This is because an increase in electroplating current density will also increase Cu and Mn ions deposited in steel, where deposits of these ions will improve the corrosion resistance of steel. The lowest corrosion rate was obtained at 0,053 mm/y at a current density of 75 mA/cm2. XRD characterization results showed that peaks formed at current densities of 35 mA/cm2 are almost the same as the results of steel characterization after electroplating current density of 75 mA/cm2, but with a lower intensity. The results of the metallurgical microscope analysis show that the formed layer is thicker with increasing electroplating current density.

Keywords
corrosion rate, current density, electroplating, NaCl, Cu-Mn

Topic
Minerals and Complex Materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/YpGMtkanJNrm

Corresponding Author
Moch Syaiful Anwar

Institutions
1Research Center for Metallurgy and Materials, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Kawasan PUSPIPTEK Gedung 470 Tangerang Selatan 15314, Indonesia
2Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Indonesia

Abstract
This paper reports effect of heat treatment process on hardness and hot corrosion resistance of Fe-25Ni-18Cr-1Mo-2W-1Nb-cast austenite stainless steel. The steels sample were prepared by a process sequence of induction melting, hot rolled, solution treatment and aging. After heat treatment process, the steel is subject to light optical microscope, hardness microvickers test and hot corrosion of melting salt test. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectrometry (EDS) and mapping of element was carried out to analysis of corrosion layer on its surface. Results show that higher hardness value was found in solution treatment of 975°C and aging for 16 h whereas higher hot corrosion resistance was found in solution treatment of 1025°C and aging 16 h.

Keywords
heat treatment, hardness, microvickers,hot corrosion, melting salt, Fe-25Ni-18Cr-2W-1Nb-cast, austenite stainless steel.

Topic
Synthesis and Characterization Techniques

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/7gwXa9NG3ZuP

Corresponding Author
Masruroh Masruroh

Institutions
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Jln. Veteran, Malang 65145, Indonesia

Abstract
Nitrogen plasma treatment of a polystyrene layer in a vacuum chamber resulted in changes in its hydrophobicity properties. The purpose of this work was to investigate the effect of chamber pressure on nitrogen plasma treatment on the hydrophobicity properties of polystyrene surfaces. The plasma character was diagnosed by optical emission spectroscopy (OES) determining the plasma parameters, i.e. electron temperature (Te) and the electron density (Ne). Boltzmann plot method, ratio, and Stark Broadening were utilized to calculate the parameters. The hydrophobicity properties of polystyrene surfaces were measured by contact angle measurements, and polar groups studied with FTIR. The plasma diagnostic results showed that higher the chamber pressure resulted in greater intensity of the emission spectrum. The spectrum exhibits the highest intensity at the wavelength of 385.715 nm, indicating the existence of NII or N2+ ion species. The increase of the chamber pressure declined the electron temperature but increased the electron density. Results of the FTIR measurements indicated the presence of the new CH3 groups that are polar groups causing the surface to change characteristic, from hydrophobic to hydrophilic.

Keywords
Diagnostic plasma, chamber pressure, Electron Temperature, Electron Density, and polar groups.

Topic
Synthesis and Characterization Techniques

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/H9tcvBNJqYRk

Corresponding Author
Febe Merita

Institutions
Center for Science and Nuclear Applied Technology, National Nuclear Energy Agency, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia

Abstract
Recently, nanofluids have attracted much attention due to their properties such as for heat transfer fluids. As heat transfer fluid medium, nanofluid is used for many applications such as heating and cooling processes, power generation and automotive. In the nuclear industry, applying nanofluid as coolant and emergency core cooling system (ECCSs) is seen as a potential method because the properties of nanofluids enhances the heat transfer coefficient and conductivity characteristics of the original fluid. In the present study, nanofluid alumina-water system (g-Al2O3) and water are used as a quenching medium in simulation of loss of coolant accidents (LOCAs). Zircaloy-4 (Zr-4) fuel cladding was used in this experimental. Zircalloy-4 was annealed in various temperature (1000 to 1250 C) at 1 hour then quenched in alumina-water nanofluid and water. After quenching, the mass gain of Zr-4 fuel cladding was observed as the function of annealing temperature. Optical microscope, XRD and SEM EDS is used to identify the Zr-4 fuel cladding after annealed. Optical microscope characterization shows that alumina-water nanofluid effectifely reduce cracks on surface of the Zr-4 fuel cladding at temperature up to 1200ºC. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that the oxide scale ZrO2 formed on the surface of Zr -4. Characterization by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) shows that the thickness of oxide layers increase with increasing annealing temperature. This study demonstrated the effect on nanofluid alumina-water system to reduce oxidation rate of Zr-4 fuel cladding. Lower oxidation rate of Zr-4 fuel cladding in nanofluid alumina-water system has been obtained compared to water.

Keywords
nanofluid, oxidation, zircaloy-4, alumina-water nanofluid, heat transfer, nuclear safety

Topic
Functional Materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/pt2DMV79ArB3

Corresponding Author
Puji Syukri Ilahi

Institutions
(a) Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
(b) Research Center for Biosciences and Biotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung
Jalan Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
Corresponding authors: *krijal[at]fi.itb.ac.id, **miftah[at]fi.itb.ac.id

Abstract
Rotary forcespinning was a method for fabricating fibers. Fiber was formed from the process of centrifugal force produced by high speed motors. This method has large production than other method. There are three stages of process fiber formation in rotary forcespinning: jet initiation, jet extension, and solvent evaporation. In this study the effect of solvent mixture on the fiber morphology will be examined. The polymer used in the experiment was polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) with the concentration of 10wt% and dissolved into the mixture of ethanol and acetone solvents. The morphology was investigate with optical microscope. The results showed that the large ratio of acetone solvents produced smaller fiber diameters and the less beaded structure.

Keywords
aceton, etanol, fiber, rotary forcespinning

Topic
Synthesis and Characterization Techniques

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/7X3NqPH2W4Ju

Corresponding Author
Nadya Aryani Putri

Institutions
a)Departement of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, 16424, Indonesia
b)Departement of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, 16424, Indonesia
*sugeng[at]eng.ui.ac.id

Abstract
Titanium is classified as a bio-inert material, so it still does not support osseointegration when compared to bio-active material. This study aims to increase the surface roughness of Titanium, thus increasing the material osseoconductivity, because cells tend to stick and develop in materials with a more rough surface topography. In this study, anodized Ti-6Al-4V at 30, 50, 70, 120 V in H3PO4 and H2SO4 electrolyte, both in concentration of 0.5 and 1 M was successfully prepared to evaluate the effect of parameters applied and its kinetic aspect to the color oxide film, surface roughness and using SEM-EDS, Accretech Surfcom 2900SD3, and scriber. The results show an increase in surface roughness with the increase of voltage and electrolyte concentration because of the surface texture in the form of valleys and peaks. Moreover increasing the voltage will thicken the oxide layer, and changing the color produced. Meanwhile the higher the concentration of the electrolyte will relatively makes the oxide layer less thick. The composition of the oxide layer shows incorporation of Phosphorus and Sulfur ions in both electrolyte, and the results of the scratch resistance test do not show any cracks.

Keywords
Anodizing, Surface Roughness, Ti-6Al-4V, Colored Oxide Film

Topic
Theoretical and Analysis in Materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/VgmPpazBdCyY

Corresponding Author
Abdul Rajak

Institutions
a) Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,
b) Research Center for Biosciences and Biotechnology, Institute for Research and Community Services,
Institut Teknologi Bandung
Jalan Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
Corresponding authors:
*krijal[at]fi.itb.ac.id, **miftah[at]fi.itb.ac.id

Abstract
Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/ Cellulose Acetate (CA) nanofiber is widely used as carrier of drug from plant extract. The composite was spun by electrospinning method. Since the presence of CA in the PVP solution, the electrospinning process was become unstabil. This paper reported the solution of this problem by control the parameter process of the electrospinning process including current, flowrate and voltage. A constant current electrospinning system was introduced for this control.

Keywords
polyvinylpyrrolidone, cellulose acetate, nanofiber composite, constant current electrospinning

Topic
Synthesis and Characterization Techniques

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/h6FNZC3faLED

Corresponding Author
Agus Jatmiko

Institutions
(1) Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Mechanicals and Aerospace Engineering, ITB
(2) Research Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, ITB
(3) Department of Engineering Physics, Faculty of Technological Industry, ITB (*Corresponding author: purwa[at]tf.itb.ac.id)

Abstract
Alzheimer is a disease that slowly destroys memory and cognitive ability. There are 46 million Alzheimer patients around the world and 22 million of them are in Asia. The number of Alzheimer’s patients are expected to increase fourfold in 2050. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), with contrast agent can be used as early detection of this disease. However, enzyme ligand that used for MRI media contrast is neurotoxic. On the other hand, research on PET contrast agent used dimethylaminobenzyl ligand has not widely studied yet. This contrast agent is a promising alternative of ligand because it will be able to interact with Amyloid protein. The strategy of this research is to design magnetite-based MRI contrast coated with dimethylaminobenzyl-chitosan as its ligand. The modified chitosan showed a new peak at 353 nm in UV-Vis result compared with normal chitosan. This result proved that chitosan was modified by dimethylaminobenzaldehyde. FTIR spectrum of encapsulated nanoparticles indicated strong spectrum of iron oxide and 1,4 disubstituted benzene. XRD analysis shows that the nanoparticle formed is D-Magnetite with crystal size 13 + 4 nm. Lastly TEM image shows dark spheres inside the membrane. While, XRD analysis result showed that the size of dark sphere is 12 + 4 nm, which is in range of crystal size for magnetite. Gyration radius of modified chitosan is 6 nm and very close to the thickness of the membrane. This result proved that the modified chitosan is encapsulating the magnetite.

Keywords
Alzheimer, Amyloid-β, β-sheet, MRI contrast agent, Fe3O4 nanoparticles, modified chitosan

Topic
Nano Science and Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/hEdGZJ7PnaTp

Corresponding Author
Abdul Rajak

Institutions
a) Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,
b) Research Center for Biosciences and Biotechnology, Institute for Research and Community Services,
Institut Teknologi Bandung
Jalan Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
Corresponding authors:
*krijal[at]fi.itb.ac.id, **miftah[at]fi.itb.ac.id

Abstract
This paper reports on the spinning of nanofiber on the surface of car cabin air filter to enhance its filtration performance. Three car cabin air filters with difference average fiber diameter were used as the samples. Polyacrylonitrille (PAN) nanofiber were deposited on the cabin air filter by electrospinning technique. PAN powder was dissolved with N,N dimethylformamide (DMF) with the concentration of 9 wt.%. The solution properties of PAN nanofiber, including viscosity and surface tension, and the average fiber diameter were characterized. The air filtration performance of cabin air filter before and after nanofiber enhancement were analyzed. The filtration performance, including pressure drop, efficiency and quality factor were measured. From the result, the cabin fiber diameter is strongly influenced the air performance filter.

Keywords
car cabin air filter, performance air filter, nanofibers, electrospinning.

Topic
Nano Science and Technology

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/RcteMAb2W6yB

Corresponding Author
Yohanes Edi Gunanto

Institutions
1Dept. of Physics Education, University of Pelita Harapan Karawaci, Tangerang 15811, Indonesia
2Center for Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, BATAN, Tangerang Selatan 15314, Indonesia

Abstract
The efforts to increase reflection loss through material engineering on magnetic materials based on barium strontium hexaferrites have been carried out. The engineering of this material was in the form of lanthanum substitution in the Ba0.6Sr0.4-xLaxFe10MnTiO19 system (x = 0.05, 0.1, and 0.15) which was synthesized by the solid reaction method through mechanical milling technique. Crystal structure, morphology, complex permittivity, and successive complex permeability have been measured using X-ray Difraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). Based on the results of qualitative analysis, it is showed that the formation of single phase ultrafine particles was successfully confirmed. Quantitative analysis of XRD data showed that there were changes in structural parameters along with changes in the value of x. The observation studies with SEM showed that the synthesized particles had hexagonal morphology. Reflection loss (RL) are -20.1 dB, -24.7 dB, and -20.3 dB for x = 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15, respectively. It was concluded that this material can be applied as a microwave absorber (RADAR).

Keywords
reflection loss; microwaves; milling; Ba0.6Sr0.4-xLaxFe10MnTiO19

Topic
Functional Materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/b6zXR73mcDMg

Corresponding Author
Eko Hadi Sujiono

Institutions
1Laboratory of Materials Physics
Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Makassar, Makassar 90224, Indonesia. 2Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin, Makassar, Indonesia

Abstract
The Graphite made from coconut shell waste have been fabricated and characterized. Coconut shell waste is obtained from two different locations, first in the lowland area with sea water environment and the second area is in the highland with fresh water environment. The sample was dried by two different methods which by oven and solar thermal process. After drying process, the sample was carbonized at 600°C for 3 hours using programmable furnace. Subsequently, the sample was washed with hydroflouride (HF) to reduce the impurity content of the sample. The graphite based on coconut shell were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) to determine the phase percentage of graphite, Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) to find the functional groups and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to represent the surface morphology of the graphite.

Keywords
Graphite powder, Coconut shell waste, Carbonization

Topic
Synthesis and Characterization Techniques

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/fQ7qCApVMxXW

Corresponding Author
Sutikno Madnasri

Institutions
Physics Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang
Sekaran Gunung Pati Kota Semarang Jawa Tengah, Indonesia, 50229
*Email: smadnasri[at]yahoo.com

Abstract
The main problem in the fabrication of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is the achieved efficiencies have been still relatively low namely under 5%. This make the fabricated devices have not been unable to compete and replace the conventional solar cell role. In this research, the microwave irradiation is applied in coating anthocyanin of musa acuminata bract to improve absorbed anthocyanin dyes in the work electrode so that the absorbed light intensities increased as well. The Electrolux Microwave (EMM 2308X) pada daya 140 Watt was used to generate microwave irradiation and expose it on the thin film surface. The DSSC electrical properties were determined using I-V meter El-Kahfi 10.

Keywords
DSSC; Irradiation; Microwave; Musa Amicunata bract

Topic
Functional Materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/BPmErhRY9w4X

Corresponding Author
Nihlatunnur Nihlatunnur

Institutions
a) Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Jl. Arief Rahman Hakim, Surabaya 60111 , Indonesia
*suminar_pratapa[at]physics.its.ac.id
b) Synchrotron Light Research Institute (SLRI), Nakhon Ratchasima , Thailand

Abstract
Two LiFePO4 powders have been synthesized, i.e. using natural ironstone and commercial FeCl2•4H2O product as Fe sources, and their characteristics were compared. The x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) data, Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) images and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) micrographs were used to examine the value of E0 and the oxidation number, determine the crystallite sizes, and determine their morphology, respectively. Results showed that the ironstone- and commercial-based LFP powders exhibited E0 values of 7120.2 and 7119.6 respectively which are both almost equal to FeO and indicates that they have an oxidation number of 2+ as expected. In addition, the crystallite size of the ironstone-based LFP was smaller than that of the commercial one. Moreover, the SEM images showed that the natural LFP was more homogeneous than the commercial LFP.

Keywords
LiFePO4, ironstone, commercial precursor, XANES, crystallite size, morphology.

Topic
Synthesis and Characterization Techniques

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/BLuvz6mdef8W

Corresponding Author
Intan Masruroh S

Institutions
Universitas gadjah mada

Abstract
Ferroelectric material has been used for advanced semiconductor technology. A necessity of a better processing instruments increased every year. Spintronics material as perovskite (PbTiO_3 and BaTiO_3) become new approach in processing instruments because of their ferroelectricity. This paper describes a new study of structure and electronic system perovskite. The ferroelectricity and spin splitting material influence energy and structure in momentum space. The spin splitting in this material proved by Rashba parameter.

Keywords
Spintronics, ferroelectric, spin splitting

Topic
Theoretical and Analysis in Materials

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/HPuLwmXFyWYE