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Background: This psychiatric emergency can occur anywhere and no exception in the health service unit. The health care team must always be responsive to the emergence of worsening symptoms in the patient. Therefore, we need a form of action or strategy to be able to make early detection of emergencies and recurrence of mental patients- symptoms in hospitals. The purpose of this study was to identify the assessment of early detection of emergencies in adult mental patients in Magelang Mental Hospital, Central Java, Indonesia. Research Methods: This qualitative study was conducted from December to May 2019 at Prof. Mental Hospital Dr. Soeroyo Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. We selected a total of 11 study participants for in-depth interviews. We conducted a content analysis technique by verbatim transcripts of interviews using open code software. Results: This study produced four categories of early detection assessments of emergencies in adult mental patients in the Mental Emergency Unit namely psychological responses, physiological responses, limitations on psychiatric emergency assessments, and HR quality improvement and documentation systems. Some nurses found it difficult to carry out early detection of psychiatric emergencies, given the confusing symptoms and differences in perceptions of assessment and how to assess the instruments already in the hospital. In addition, many documentation systems also became obstacles in the assessment of early detection of emergency adult mental patients at the Mental Hospital. Conclusion: Apart from the system of handling emergencies, especially in terms of the assessment or early detection of standardized emergencies, another obstacle is the form of an early detection assessment instrument that varies with many items and creates different perceptions. Based on this, an innovative approach is needed to develop an instrument for assessing the early detection of emergency mental disorders that can accommodate the symptoms caused. In addition, the duties of nurses and documentation systems need to be evaluated and oriented.