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Background: Coastal community food security requires considerable attention. For coastal communities, food often become so difficult to obtain. In many cases, communities attempt to various actions to overcome the problems they face; however many of their attempts are constrained by various obstacles. For the government to be able to formulate and implement proper policies, scientific information regarding the kinds of actions attempted by coastal communities, the obstacles normally hindering the attempts are very crucial. Aims: This research aims to identify problems of food security in fishing and aquaculture communities, analyze determining factors, identify attempts undertaken by fishermen, and identify relevant government roles Materials and Methods: This research uses a case study approach in Pangandaran Regency, with data collected through surveys. Respondents were selected purposively: 20 fishermen, 20 aquaculture operators, 20 fish processors, 20 fish traders, and two West Java Provincial Marine Fisheries Service officials. Research was carried out in April – December 2018. Household food security of fishermen and fish farmers was measured using a model logit, while government policies were identified using the Analytical Hierarchy Process. Results: It was detected that 60% of households were categorized as secured, 15% less secured, 15% vulnerable, and 10% unsecured. Households of fishermen/aquaculture operators responded to these conditions with a variety of coping mechanisms: allocating parts of fish production for household consumption, selling some others to buy various kinds of food, and processing some others to get added value. These coping mechanisms were constrained by a number of factors, among which and the most important ones were knowledge and skills, capital, facilities and infrastructure, and market access. Government policy, therefore, should be focused on handling these constraining factors. Conclusion: There are viable options for the government to develop policies necessary to help coastal communities to meet food security. The options include developing programs aimed at improvement of knowledge and skills, capital, facilities and infrastructure, and market access Keywords: household coping mechanism, food security, coastal communities, West Java Pangandaran . Acknowledgment (Optional) References 1) Food Security Agency. 2016. Strategic Plan for the Food Security Agency 2015 - 2019. http://bkp.pertanian.go.id/statis-31-renstra2015-2019.html Accessed on November 5, 2017 2) Wiranthi PE, Suwarsinah HK, Adhi AK. 2014. Determinants of household food security: a comparative analysis of Eastern and Western Indonesia. J Agric Sci. 15(1):17-28. 3) Republic of Indonesia. 2012. Law of The Republic Indonesia No. 18 of 2012.Concerning Food. https://luk.staff.ugm.ac.id/atur/UU18-2012Pangan.pdf. Accessed on July 2, 2019. 4) Maxwell DG (1996) Measuring food insecurity: the frequency and sever